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Version 158.4 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/07 11:24
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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21
22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
70 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
71 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
72 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
75
76 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
77 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
78 * Tx power:
79 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
80 ** 11b tx power: 18db
81 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
82 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
83 * Wifi Sensitivity
84 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
85 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
86
87 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
88
89 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
90 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
91 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
92 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
93 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
94 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
95 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
96 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
97
98 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
99
100 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
101 * Micro SIM Slot
102 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
103 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
104 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
105 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
106
107
108
109 == 1.3  Features ==
110
111 * Open Source OpenWrt system
112 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
113 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
114 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
115 * LoRaWAN Gateway
116 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
117 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
118 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
119 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
120 * Support different level log in.
121 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
123 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
124
125
126
127 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
128
129 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
130
131
132 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
133
134 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
135
136
137 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
138
139
140 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
141
142 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
143 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
144 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
145 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
147 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
148
149 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
150
151
152
153 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
154
155 (((
156 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
157 )))
158
159
160 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
161
162 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
163
164 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
165
166
167 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
168
169 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
170
171
172 (((
173 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
174
175
176
177 )))
178
179 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
180
181 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
182
183
184 (((
185 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
186
187
188
189 )))
190
191 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
192
193 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
194
195
196 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
197
198
199
200 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
201
202 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
203
204
205
206 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
207
208 **Web Interface**
209
210 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
211
212 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
213
214 or
215
216 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
217
218
219 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
220
221 The account details for Web Login are:
222
223 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
224
225 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
226
227 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
228
229
230
231 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
232
233 == 3.1  Overview ==
234
235 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
236
237 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
238 * **WiFi Client Mode**
239 * **WiFi AP Mode**
240
241
242
243 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
244
245 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
246
247
248 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
249
250
251 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
252
253 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
254
255 (((
256 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
257
258 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
259 )))
260
261
262 (((
263 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
264
265
266 )))
267
268 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
269
270 (((
271 (((
272 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
273 )))
274
275
276 (((
277 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
278 )))
279
280 (((
281 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
282 )))
283 )))
284
285
286 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
287
288 (((
289
290 )))
291
292 (((
293 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
294 )))
295
296 (((
297 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
298 )))
299
300 (((
301 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
302 )))
303
304
305 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
306
307 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
308
309 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
310 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
311 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
312
313 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
314
315
316
317 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
318
319 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
320
321 (((
322 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
323 )))
324
325 (((
326 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
327 )))
328
329
330
331 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
332
333 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
334
335 (((
336 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
337 )))
338
339 (((
340 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
341 )))
342
343 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
344
345
346 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
347
348 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
349
350 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
351
352
353 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
354
355 (((
356 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
357 )))
358
359 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
360
361
362 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
363 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
364 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
365 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
366
367
368 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
369
370 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
371
372 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
373
374
375 Open the following page:
376
377 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
378
379
380 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
381
382
383 (((
384 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
385 )))
386
387 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
388
389 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
390
391
392 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
393
394 (((
395 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
396 )))
397
398 (((
399 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
400 )))
401
402 (((
403 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
404 )))
405
406 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
407
408 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
409
410
411 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
412
413 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
414
415
416 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
417
418 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
419
420
421 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
422
423 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
424
425 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
426
427
428 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
429
430 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
431
432
433 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
434
435 (((
436 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
437 )))
438
439 (((
440 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
441 )))
442
443 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
444
445 (((
446 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
447
448
449 )))
450
451 (((
452 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
453 )))
454
455 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
456 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
457 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
458
459 (((
460 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
461 )))
462
463 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
464
465 (((
466 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
467
468
469 )))
470
471 (((
472 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
473 )))
474
475 (((
476 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
477 )))
478
479 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
480
481 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
482
483
484 Start Register the end device
485
486 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
487
488 (((
489 Select OTAA activation mode
490
491
492 )))
493
494 (((
495 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
496 )))
497
498 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
499
500 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
501
502
503 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
504
505 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
506
507
508 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
509
510 (((
511 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
512
513
514 )))
515
516 (((
517 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
518 )))
519
520 (((
521 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
522 )))
523
524 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
525
526
527 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
528
529 == 5.1  Home ==
530
531 Shows the system running status.
532
533 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
534
535
536 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
537
538 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
539
540 (((
541 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
542 )))
543
544 (((
545 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
546 )))
547
548 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
549 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
550
551 (((
552
553
554 (((
555 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
556 )))
557 )))
558
559 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
560
561 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
562
563
564 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
565
566 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
567
568 * No internet connection.
569 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
570
571 (((
572 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
573 )))
574
575 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
576
577
578 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
579
580 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
581
582 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
583
584 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
585
586 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
587
588 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
589
590 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
591
592 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
593
594
595 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
596
597 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
598
599 (((
600 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
601
602
603 )))
604
605 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
606
607 (((
608 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
609 )))
610
611 (((
612 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
613 )))
614
615 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
616
617
618 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
619
620 (((
621 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
622 )))
623
624 (((
625 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
626 )))
627
628
629 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
630
631
632 == 5.5  System ==
633
634 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
635
636 Shows the system info:
637
638 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
639
640
641
642 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
643
644 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
645
646 (((
647 **__System Password:__**
648 )))
649
650 (((
651 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
652 )))
653
654 (((
655 This page can be used to set the password for them.
656 )))
657
658 (((
659 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
660 )))
661
662 (((
663 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
664
665
666
667 )))
668
669 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
670
671 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
672
673 (((
674 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
675 )))
676
677 (((
678 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
679 )))
680
681 (((
682 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
683
684
685
686 )))
687
688 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
689
690 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
691
692 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
693
694
695
696 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
697
698 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
699
700
701 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
702
703 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
704
705
706
707 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
708
709
710 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
711
712
713
714 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
715
716 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
717
718
719 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
720
721 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
722
723 (% style="display:none" %)
724
725 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
726
727 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
728
729 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
730
731
732 (((
733 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
734 )))
735
736 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
737
738 (((
739 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
740 )))
741
742 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
743
744
745
746 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
747
748 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
749
750 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
751
752 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
753
754 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
755
756 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
757
758
759 (((
760 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
761 )))
762
763 (((
764 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
765 )))
766
767 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
768
769 (((
770 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
771 )))
772
773
774 (((
775 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
776 )))
777
778 (((
779 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
780 )))
781
782 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
783
784 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
785
786 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
787
788 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
789
790
791 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
792
793
794 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
795
796 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
797
798 (((
799
800
801
802 )))
803
804 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
805
806
807 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
808
809 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
810
811
812
813 == 5.6  LogRead ==
814
815 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
816
817
818 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
819
820 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
821
822
823
824 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
825
826 Show the system log
827
828 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
829
830
831
832 = 6.  More features =
833
834 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
835
836 (((
837 Drop unwanted packets.
838 )))
839
840 (((
841 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
842 )))
843
844
845 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
846
847 (((
848 Remote Access Devices for management.
849 )))
850
851 (((
852 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/]]
853 )))
854
855
856 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
857
858 (((
859 Decode ABP:
860 )))
861
862 (((
863 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
864 )))
865
866
867 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
868
869 (((
870 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
871 )))
872
873 (((
874 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
875 )))
876
877
878 == 6.5  More instructions ==
879
880 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
881
882
883 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
884
885 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
886
887 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
888
889 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
890
891 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
892
893 (((
894 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
895 )))
896
897 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
898
899 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
900
901 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
902
903 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
904
905 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
906
907 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
908
909 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
910
911 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
912
913 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
914
915 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
916
917 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
918
919
920 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
921
922 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
923
924
925 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
926
927
928
929 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
930
931 (((
932 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
933 )))
934
935 (((
936 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
937 )))
938
939 (((
940 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
941 )))
942
943 (((
944 Screenshot is as below:
945 )))
946
947 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
948
949
950
951 == 7.3  File System ==
952
953 (((
954 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
955 )))
956
957 (((
958 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
959 )))
960
961 (((
962 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
963 )))
964
965
966 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
967
968 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
969
970 (((
971 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
972 )))
973
974 (((
975 **In Linux Console run:**
976 )))
977
978 (((
979 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
980 )))
981
982 (((
983 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
984 )))
985
986 (((
987 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
988 )))
989
990 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
991
992
993 (((
994 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
995 )))
996
997 (((
998 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
999 )))
1000
1001 (((
1002 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1003 )))
1004
1005 (((
1006 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1007 )))
1008
1009 (((
1010 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1011 )))
1012
1013 (((
1014 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1015 )))
1016
1017 (((
1018 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1019
1020
1021
1022 )))
1023
1024 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1025
1026 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1027
1028 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1029
1030 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1031
1032 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1033
1034 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1035
1036
1037 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1038
1039
1040 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1041
1042 (((
1043 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1044 )))
1045
1046 (((
1047 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1048 )))
1049
1050
1051 (((
1052 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to **//uncheck//** the //**Preserve Settings**// checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1053 )))
1054
1055
1056 (((
1057 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1058 )))
1059
1060 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1061
1062
1063 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1064
1065 (((
1066 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1067 )))
1068
1069 (((
1070 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1071 )))
1072
1073
1074 (((
1075 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1076 )))
1077
1078
1079
1080 = 9.  FAQ =
1081
1082 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1083
1084 (((
1085 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1086 )))
1087
1088 (((
1089
1090 )))
1091
1092 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1093
1094 (((
1095 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1096 )))
1097
1098 (((
1099 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1100 )))
1101
1102 (((
1103
1104 )))
1105
1106 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1107
1108 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1109
1110
1111 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1112
1113 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1114
1115 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1116
1117 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1118
1119 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1120
1121 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1122
1123 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1124
1125 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1126
1127 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1128
1129 (((
1130 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1131 )))
1132
1133 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1134
1135
1136 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1137
1138 (((
1139 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1140 )))
1141
1142 (((
1143
1144 )))
1145
1146 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1147
1148 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1149
1150
1151 (((
1152 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1153 )))
1154
1155 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1156
1157
1158 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1159
1160 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1161
1162 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1163 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1164 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1165
1166 As below photo:
1167
1168 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1169
1170 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1171
1172 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1173
1174
1175 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1176
1177 (((
1178 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1179 )))
1180
1181 (((
1182 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1183 )))
1184
1185
1186 = 11.  Order Info =
1187
1188
1189 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1190
1191
1192 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1193
1194 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1195 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1196
1197
1198 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1199
1200 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1201 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1202 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1203 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1204
1205 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1206
1207
1208 = 12.  Packing Info =
1209
1210 (((
1211 **Package Includes**:
1212 )))
1213
1214 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1215 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1216 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1217
1218 (((
1219 **Dimension and weight**:
1220 )))
1221
1222 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1223 * Weight: 187g
1224 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1225 * Weight: 300g
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230 = 13.  Support =
1231
1232 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1233 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1234 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1235 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]