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Version 158.10 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/29 10:43
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64
65
66 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
67
68 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
69 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
70 * LoRaWAN Wireless
71 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
72 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
73 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
74 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
75
76
77
78 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
79
80 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
81 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
82 * Tx power:
83 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
84 ** 11b tx power: 18db
85 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
86 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
87 * Wifi Sensitivity
88 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
89 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
90
91
92
93 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
94
95 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
96 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
97 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
98 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
99 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
100 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
101 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
102 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
103
104
105
106 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
107
108 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
109 * Micro SIM Slot
110 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
111 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
112 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
113 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
114
115
116
117
118 == 1.3  Features ==
119
120
121 * Open Source OpenWrt system
122 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
123 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
124 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
125 * LoRaWAN Gateway
126 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
127 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
128 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
129 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
130 * Support different level log in.
131 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
132 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
133 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
134
135
136
137 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
138
139
140 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
141
142
143
144 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
145
146
147 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
148
149
150
151 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
152
153
154 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
155
156 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
157 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
158 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
159 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
160 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
161 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
162
163 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
164
165
166
167 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
168
169
170 (((
171 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
172 )))
173
174
175
176 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
177
178
179 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
180
181 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
182
183
184 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
185
186 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
187
188
189 (((
190 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
191
192
193
194 )))
195
196 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
197
198 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
199
200
201 (((
202 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
203
204
205
206 )))
207
208 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
209
210
211 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
212
213
214 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
215
216
217
218 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
219
220
221 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
222
223
224
225 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
226
227
228 **Web Interface**
229
230 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
231
232 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
233
234 or
235
236 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
237
238
239 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
240
241 The account details for Web Login are:
242
243 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
244
245 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
246
247 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
248
249
250
251 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
252
253
254 == 3.1  Overview ==
255
256
257 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
258
259 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
260 * **WiFi Client Mode**
261 * **WiFi AP Mode**
262
263
264
265 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
266
267
268 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
269
270
271 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
272
273
274
275 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
276
277
278 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
279
280 (((
281 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
282
283
284 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
285 )))
286
287
288 (((
289 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
290
291
292
293 )))
294
295 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
296
297
298 (((
299 (((
300 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
301 )))
302
303
304 (((
305 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
306 )))
307
308 (((
309 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
310 )))
311 )))
312
313
314 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
315
316 (((
317
318 )))
319
320 (((
321 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
322 )))
323
324 (((
325 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
326 )))
327
328 (((
329 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
330 )))
331
332
333
334 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
335
336
337 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
338
339 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
340 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
341 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
342
343 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
344
345
346
347 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
348
349
350 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
351
352
353 (((
354 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
355 )))
356
357 (((
358 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
359 )))
360
361
362
363 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
364
365
366 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
367
368 (((
369 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
370 )))
371
372 (((
373 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
374 )))
375
376 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
377
378
379
380 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
381
382 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
383
384 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
385
386
387
388 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
389
390 (((
391 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
392 )))
393
394 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
395
396
397 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
398 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
399 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
400 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
401
402
403
404 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
405
406 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
407
408 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
409
410
411 Open the following page:
412
413 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
414
415
416 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
417
418
419 (((
420 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
421
422
423 )))
424
425 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
426
427 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
428
429
430
431 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
432
433
434 (((
435 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
436 )))
437
438 (((
439 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
440 )))
441
442 (((
443 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
444 )))
445
446 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
447
448
449 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
450
451
452 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
453
454 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
455
456
457 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
458
459 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
460
461
462
463 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
464
465
466 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
467
468 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
469
470
471 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
472
473 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
474
475
476
477 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
478
479
480 (((
481 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
482 )))
483
484 (((
485 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
486 )))
487
488 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
489
490 (((
491 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
492
493
494 )))
495
496 (((
497 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
498 )))
499
500 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
501 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
502 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
503
504 (((
505 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
506 )))
507
508 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
509
510 (((
511 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
512
513
514 )))
515
516 (((
517 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
518 )))
519
520 (((
521 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
522 )))
523
524 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
525
526 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
527
528
529 Start Register the end device
530
531 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
532
533 (((
534 Select OTAA activation mode
535
536
537 )))
538
539 (((
540 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
541 )))
542
543 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
544
545 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
546
547
548 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
549
550 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
551
552
553 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
554
555 (((
556 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
557
558
559 )))
560
561 (((
562 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
563
564
565 )))
566
567 (((
568 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
569
570
571 )))
572
573 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
574
575
576
577 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
578
579
580 == 5.1  Home ==
581
582
583 Shows the system running status.
584
585 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
586
587
588
589 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
590
591
592 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
593
594
595 (((
596 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
597 )))
598
599 (((
600 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
601 )))
602
603 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
604 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
605
606 (((
607
608
609 (((
610 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
611 )))
612 )))
613
614 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
615
616 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
617
618
619
620 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
621
622
623 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
624
625 * No internet connection.
626 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
627
628 (((
629 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
630 )))
631
632 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
633
634
635
636 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
637
638
639 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
640
641
642 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
643
644 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
645
646 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
647
648 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
649
650 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
651
652 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
653
654
655
656 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
657
658
659 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
660
661
662 (((
663 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
664
665
666
667 )))
668
669 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
670
671
672 (((
673 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
674 )))
675
676 (((
677 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
678 )))
679
680 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
681
682
683 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
684
685 (((
686 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
687 )))
688
689 (((
690 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
691 )))
692
693
694 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
695
696
697 == 5.5  System ==
698
699 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
700
701 Shows the system info:
702
703 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
704
705
706
707 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
708
709 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
710
711 (((
712 **__System Password:__**
713 )))
714
715 (((
716 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
717 )))
718
719 (((
720 This page can be used to set the password for them.
721 )))
722
723 (((
724 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
725 )))
726
727 (((
728 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
729
730
731
732 )))
733
734 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
735
736 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
737
738 (((
739 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
740 )))
741
742 (((
743 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
744 )))
745
746 (((
747 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
748
749
750
751 )))
752
753 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
754
755 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
756
757 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
758
759
760
761 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
762
763 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
764
765
766 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
767
768 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
769
770
771
772 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
773
774
775 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
776
777
778
779 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
780
781 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
782
783
784 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
785
786 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
787
788 (% style="display:none" %)
789
790 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
791
792 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
793
794 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
795
796
797 (((
798 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
799 )))
800
801 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
802
803 (((
804 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
805 )))
806
807 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
808
809
810
811 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
812
813 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
814
815 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
816
817 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
818
819 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
820
821 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
822
823
824 (((
825 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
826 )))
827
828 (((
829 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
830 )))
831
832 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
833
834 (((
835 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
836 )))
837
838
839 (((
840 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
841 )))
842
843 (((
844 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
845 )))
846
847 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
848
849 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
850
851 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
852
853 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
854
855
856 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
857
858
859 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
860
861 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
862
863 (((
864
865
866
867 )))
868
869 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
870
871
872 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
873
874 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
875
876
877
878 == 5.6  LogRead ==
879
880 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
881
882
883 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
884
885 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
886
887
888
889 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
890
891 Show the system log
892
893 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
894
895
896
897 = 6.  More features =
898
899 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
900
901 (((
902 Drop unwanted packets.
903 )))
904
905 (((
906 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
907 )))
908
909
910 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
911
912 (((
913 Remote Access Devices for management.
914 )))
915
916 (((
917 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
918 )))
919
920
921 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
922
923 (((
924 Decode ABP:
925 )))
926
927 (((
928 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
929 )))
930
931
932 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
933
934 (((
935 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
936 )))
937
938 (((
939 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
940 )))
941
942
943 == 6.5  More instructions ==
944
945 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
946
947
948 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
949
950 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
951
952 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
953
954 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
955
956 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
957
958 (((
959 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
960 )))
961
962 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
963
964 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
965
966 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
967
968 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
969
970 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
971
972 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
973
974 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
975
976 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
977
978 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
979
980 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
981
982 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
983
984
985 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
986
987 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
988
989
990 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
991
992
993
994 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
995
996 (((
997 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
998 )))
999
1000 (((
1001 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1002 )))
1003
1004 (((
1005 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1006 )))
1007
1008 (((
1009 Screenshot is as below:
1010 )))
1011
1012 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1013
1014
1015
1016 == 7.3  File System ==
1017
1018 (((
1019 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1020 )))
1021
1022 (((
1023 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1024 )))
1025
1026 (((
1027 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1028 )))
1029
1030
1031 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1032
1033 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1034
1035 (((
1036 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1037 )))
1038
1039 (((
1040 **In Linux Console run:**
1041 )))
1042
1043 (((
1044 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1045 )))
1046
1047 (((
1048 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1049 )))
1050
1051 (((
1052 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1053 )))
1054
1055 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1056
1057
1058 (((
1059 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1060 )))
1061
1062 (((
1063 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1064 )))
1065
1066 (((
1067 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1068 )))
1069
1070 (((
1071 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1072 )))
1073
1074 (((
1075 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1076 )))
1077
1078 (((
1079 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1080 )))
1081
1082 (((
1083 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1084
1085
1086
1087 )))
1088
1089 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1090
1091 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1092
1093 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1094
1095 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1096
1097 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1098
1099 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1100
1101
1102 (((
1103 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1104 )))
1105
1106
1107 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1108
1109 (((
1110 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1111 )))
1112
1113 (((
1114 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1115 )))
1116
1117
1118 (((
1119 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to **//uncheck//** the //**Preserve Settings**// checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1120 )))
1121
1122
1123 (((
1124 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1125 )))
1126
1127 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1128
1129
1130 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1131
1132 (((
1133 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1134 )))
1135
1136 (((
1137 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1138 )))
1139
1140
1141 (((
1142 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1143 )))
1144
1145
1146
1147 = 9.  FAQ =
1148
1149 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1150
1151 (((
1152 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1153 )))
1154
1155 (((
1156
1157 )))
1158
1159 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1160
1161 (((
1162 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1163 )))
1164
1165 (((
1166 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1167 )))
1168
1169 (((
1170
1171 )))
1172
1173 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1174
1175 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1176
1177
1178 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1179
1180 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1181
1182 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1183
1184 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1185
1186 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1187
1188 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1189
1190 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1191
1192 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1193
1194 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1195
1196 (((
1197 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1198 )))
1199
1200 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1201
1202
1203 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1204
1205 (((
1206 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1207 )))
1208
1209 (((
1210
1211 )))
1212
1213 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1214
1215 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1216
1217
1218 (((
1219 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1220 )))
1221
1222 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1223
1224
1225 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1226
1227 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1228
1229 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1230 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1231 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1232
1233 As below photo:
1234
1235 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1236
1237 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1238
1239 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1240
1241
1242 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1243
1244 (((
1245 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1246 )))
1247
1248 (((
1249 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1250 )))
1251
1252
1253 = 11.  Order Info =
1254
1255
1256 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1257
1258
1259 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1260
1261 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1262 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1263
1264 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1265
1266 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1267 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1268 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1269 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1270
1271 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1272
1273
1274 = 12.  Packing Info =
1275
1276 (((
1277 **Package Includes**:
1278 )))
1279
1280 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1281 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1282 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1283
1284 (((
1285 **Dimension and weight**:
1286 )))
1287
1288 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1289 * Weight: 187g
1290 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1291 * Weight: 300g
1292
1293
1294 = 13.  Support =
1295
1296 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1297 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1298 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1299 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]