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Version 156.8 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/07 10:12
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107
108
109 == 1.3  Features ==
110
111 * Open Source OpenWrt system
112 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
113 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
114 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
115 * LoRaWAN Gateway
116 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
117 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
118 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
119 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
120 * Support different level log in.
121 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
123 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
124
125
126
127
128 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
129
130 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
131
132
133 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
134
135 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
136
137
138 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
139
140
141 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
142
143 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
144 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
145 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
147 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
148 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
149
150 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
151
152
153
154
155 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
156
157 (((
158 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
159 )))
160
161
162 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
163
164 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
165
166 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
167
168
169 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
170
171 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
172
173
174 (((
175 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
176
177
178
179 )))
180
181 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
182
183 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
184
185
186 (((
187 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
188
189
190
191 )))
192
193 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
194
195 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
196
197
198 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
199
200
201
202 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
203
204 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
205
206
207
208 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
209
210 **Web Interface**
211
212 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
213
214 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
215
216 or
217
218 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
219
220
221 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
222
223 The account details for Web Login are:
224
225 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
226
227 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
228
229 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
230
231
232
233 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
234
235 == 3.1  Overview ==
236
237 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
238
239 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
240 * **WiFi Client Mode**
241 * **WiFi AP Mode**
242
243 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
244
245 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
246
247
248 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
249
250
251 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
252
253 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
254
255 (((
256 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
257
258 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
259 )))
260
261
262 (((
263 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
264
265
266 )))
267
268 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
269
270 (((
271 (((
272 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
273 )))
274
275
276 (((
277 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
278 )))
279
280 (((
281 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
282 )))
283 )))
284
285
286 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
287
288 (((
289
290 )))
291
292 (((
293 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
294 )))
295
296 (((
297 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
298 )))
299
300 (((
301 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
302 )))
303
304
305 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
306
307 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
308
309 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
310 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
311 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
312
313 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
314
315
316
317 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
318
319 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
320
321 (((
322 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
323 )))
324
325 (((
326 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
327 )))
328
329
330
331 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
332
333 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
334
335 (((
336 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
337 )))
338
339 (((
340 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
341 )))
342
343 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
344
345
346 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
347
348 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
349
350 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
351
352
353 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
354
355 (((
356 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
357 )))
358
359 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
360
361
362 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
363 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
364 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
365 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
366
367 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
368
369 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
370
371 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
372
373
374 Open the following page:
375
376
377 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
378
379
380 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
381
382
383 (((
384 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
385 )))
386
387 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
388
389 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
390
391
392 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
393
394 (((
395 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
396 )))
397
398 (((
399 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
400 )))
401
402 (((
403 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
404 )))
405
406 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
407
408 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
409
410
411 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
412
413 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
414
415
416 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
417
418 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
419
420
421 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
422
423 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
424
425 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
426
427
428 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
429
430 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
431
432
433 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
434
435 (((
436 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
437 )))
438
439 (((
440 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
441 )))
442
443 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
444
445 (((
446 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
447
448
449 )))
450
451 (((
452 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
453 )))
454
455 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
456 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
457 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
458
459 (((
460 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
461 )))
462
463 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
464
465 (((
466 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
467
468
469 )))
470
471 (((
472 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
473 )))
474
475 (((
476 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
477 )))
478
479 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
480
481 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
482
483
484 Start Register the end device
485
486 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
487
488 (((
489 Select OTAA activation mode
490
491
492 )))
493
494 (((
495 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
496 )))
497
498 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
499
500 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
501
502
503 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
504
505 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
506
507
508 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
509
510 (((
511 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
512
513
514 )))
515
516 (((
517 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
518 )))
519
520 (((
521 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
522 )))
523
524 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
525
526
527 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
528
529 == 5.1  Home ==
530
531 Shows the system running status.
532
533 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
534
535
536 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
537
538 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
539
540 (((
541 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
542 )))
543
544 (((
545 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
546 )))
547
548 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
549 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
550
551 (((
552
553
554 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
555 )))
556
557 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
558
559 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
560
561
562 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
563
564 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
565
566 * No internet connection.
567 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
568
569 (((
570 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
571 )))
572
573 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
574
575
576 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
577
578 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
579
580 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
581
582 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
583
584 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
585
586 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
587
588 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
589
590 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
591
592
593 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
594
595 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
596
597 (((
598 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
599
600
601 )))
602
603 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
604
605 (((
606 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
607 )))
608
609 (((
610 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
611 )))
612
613 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
614
615
616 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
617
618 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
619
620 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
621
622
623 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
624
625
626 == 5.5  System ==
627
628 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
629
630 Shows the system info:
631
632 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
633
634
635
636 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
637
638 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
639
640 (((
641 **__System Password:__**
642 )))
643
644 (((
645 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
646 )))
647
648 (((
649 This page can be used to set the password for them.
650 )))
651
652 (((
653 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
654 )))
655
656 (((
657 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
658
659
660
661 )))
662
663 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
664
665 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
666
667 (((
668 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
669 )))
670
671 (((
672 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
673 )))
674
675 (((
676 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
677
678
679
680 )))
681
682 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
683
684 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
685
686 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
687
688
689
690 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
691
692 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
693
694
695 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
696
697 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
698
699
700
701 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
702
703
704 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
705
706
707
708 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
709
710 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:(% style="display:none" %) 
711
712 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
713
714 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
715
716 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
717
718
719 Please see this document for detail:(% style="display:none" %)
720
721 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
722
723
724 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
725
726 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
727
728
729
730 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
731
732 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
733
734 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
735
736 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
737
738 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
739
740 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
741
742
743 (((
744 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
745 )))
746
747 (((
748 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
749 )))
750
751 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
752
753 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
754
755
756 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
757
758 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
759
760 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
761
762 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
763
764 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
765
766 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
767
768
769 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
770
771
772 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
773
774 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
775
776 (((
777
778
779
780 )))
781
782 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
783
784
785 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
786
787 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
788
789
790
791 == 5.6  LogRead ==
792
793 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
794
795
796 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
797
798 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
799
800
801
802 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
803
804 Show the system log
805
806 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
807
808
809
810 = 6.  More features =
811
812 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
813
814 Drop unwanted packets.
815
816 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
817
818
819 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
820
821 Remote Access Devices for management.
822
823 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/]]
824
825
826 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
827
828 Decode ABP:
829
830 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
831
832
833 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
834
835 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
836
837 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
838
839
840 == 6.5  More instructions ==
841
842 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
843
844
845 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
846
847 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
848
849 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
850
851 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
852
853 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
854
855 Please see this document for detail:
856
857 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
858
859 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
860
861 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
862
863 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
864
865 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
866
867 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
868
869 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
870
871 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
872
873 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
874
875 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
876
877 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
878
879 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
880
881
882 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
883
884 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
885
886
887 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
888
889
890
891 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
892
893 (((
894 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
895 )))
896
897 (((
898 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
899 )))
900
901 (((
902 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
903 )))
904
905 (((
906 Screenshot is as below:
907 )))
908
909 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
910
911
912
913 == 7.3  File System ==
914
915 (((
916 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
917 )))
918
919 (((
920 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
921 )))
922
923 (((
924 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
925 )))
926
927
928 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
929
930 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
931
932 (((
933 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
934 )))
935
936 (((
937 **In Linux Console run:**
938 )))
939
940 (((
941 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
942 )))
943
944 (((
945 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
946 )))
947
948 (((
949 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
950 )))
951
952 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
953
954
955 (((
956 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
957 )))
958
959 (((
960 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
961 )))
962
963 (((
964 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
965 )))
966
967 (((
968 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
969 )))
970
971 (((
972 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
973 )))
974
975 (((
976 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
977 )))
978
979 (((
980 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
981
982
983
984 )))
985
986 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
987
988 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
989
990 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
991
992 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
993
994 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
995
996 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
997
998
999 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1000
1001
1002 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1003
1004 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1005
1006 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1007
1008
1009 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to **//uncheck//** the //**Preserve Settings**// checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1010
1011
1012 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1013
1014 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1015
1016
1017 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1018
1019 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1020
1021 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1022
1023
1024 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1025
1026
1027
1028 = 9.  FAQ =
1029
1030 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1031
1032 (((
1033 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1034 )))
1035
1036 (((
1037
1038 )))
1039
1040 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1041
1042
1043 (((
1044 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1045 )))
1046
1047 (((
1048 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1049 )))
1050
1051 (((
1052
1053 )))
1054
1055 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1056
1057 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1058
1059
1060 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1061
1062 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1063
1064 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1065
1066 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1067
1068 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1069
1070 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1071
1072 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1073
1074 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1075
1076 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1077
1078 (((
1079 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1080 )))
1081
1082 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1083
1084
1085 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1086
1087 (((
1088 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1089 )))
1090
1091 (((
1092
1093 )))
1094
1095 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1096
1097 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1098
1099
1100 (((
1101 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1102 )))
1103
1104 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1105
1106
1107 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1108
1109 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1110
1111 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1112 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1113 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1114
1115 As below photo:
1116
1117 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1118
1119 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1120
1121 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1122
1123
1124 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1125
1126 (((
1127 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1128 )))
1129
1130 (((
1131 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]]to access and configure the device.
1132 )))
1133
1134
1135 = 11.  Order Info =
1136
1137
1138 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1139
1140
1141 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1142
1143 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1144 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1145
1146
1147
1148 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1149
1150 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1151 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1152 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1153 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1154
1155 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1156
1157
1158 = 12. Packing Info =
1159
1160 (((
1161 **Package Includes**:
1162 )))
1163
1164 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1165 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1166 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1167
1168 (((
1169 **Dimension and weight**:
1170 )))
1171
1172 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1173 * Weight: 187g
1174 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1175 * Weight: 300g
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181 = 13. Support =
1182
1183 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1184 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1185 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1186 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]