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Version 156.7 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/07 10:12
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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20
21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107
108
109 == 1.3  Features ==
110
111 * Open Source OpenWrt system
112 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
113 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
114 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
115 * LoRaWAN Gateway
116 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
117 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
118 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
119 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
120 * Support different level log in.
121 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
123 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
124
125
126
127
128 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
129
130 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
131
132
133 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
134
135 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
136
137
138 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
139
140
141 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
142
143 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
144 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
145 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
147 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
148 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
149
150 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
151
152 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
153
154 (((
155 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
156 )))
157
158
159 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
160
161 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
162
163 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
164
165
166 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
167
168 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
169
170
171 (((
172 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
173
174
175
176 )))
177
178 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
179
180 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
181
182
183 (((
184 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
185
186
187
188 )))
189
190 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
191
192 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
193
194
195 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
196
197
198
199 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
200
201 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
202
203
204
205 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
206
207 **Web Interface**
208
209 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
210
211 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
212
213 or
214
215 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
216
217
218 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
219
220 The account details for Web Login are:
221
222 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
223
224 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
225
226 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
227
228
229
230 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
231
232 == 3.1  Overview ==
233
234 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
235
236 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
237 * **WiFi Client Mode**
238 * **WiFi AP Mode**
239
240 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
241
242 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
243
244
245 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
246
247
248 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
249
250 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
251
252 (((
253 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
254
255 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
256 )))
257
258
259 (((
260 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
261
262
263 )))
264
265 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
266
267 (((
268 (((
269 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
270 )))
271
272
273 (((
274 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
275 )))
276
277 (((
278 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
279 )))
280 )))
281
282
283 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
284
285 (((
286
287 )))
288
289 (((
290 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
291 )))
292
293 (((
294 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
295 )))
296
297 (((
298 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
299 )))
300
301
302 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
303
304 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
305
306 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
307 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
308 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
309
310 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
311
312
313
314 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
315
316 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
317
318 (((
319 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
320 )))
321
322 (((
323 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
324 )))
325
326
327
328 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
329
330 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
331
332 (((
333 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
334 )))
335
336 (((
337 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
338 )))
339
340 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
341
342
343 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
344
345 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
346
347 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
348
349
350 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
351
352 (((
353 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
354 )))
355
356 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
357
358
359 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
360 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
361 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
362 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
363
364 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
365
366 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
367
368 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
369
370
371 Open the following page:
372
373
374 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
375
376
377 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
378
379
380 (((
381 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
382 )))
383
384 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
385
386 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
387
388
389 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
390
391 (((
392 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
393 )))
394
395 (((
396 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
397 )))
398
399 (((
400 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
401 )))
402
403 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
404
405 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
406
407
408 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
409
410 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
411
412
413 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
414
415 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
416
417
418 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
419
420 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
421
422 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
423
424
425 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
426
427 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
428
429
430 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
431
432 (((
433 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
434 )))
435
436 (((
437 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
438 )))
439
440 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
441
442 (((
443 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
444
445
446 )))
447
448 (((
449 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
450 )))
451
452 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
453 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
454 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
455
456 (((
457 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
458 )))
459
460 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
461
462 (((
463 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
464
465
466 )))
467
468 (((
469 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
470 )))
471
472 (((
473 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
474 )))
475
476 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
477
478 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
479
480
481 Start Register the end device
482
483 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
484
485 (((
486 Select OTAA activation mode
487
488
489 )))
490
491 (((
492 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
493 )))
494
495 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
496
497 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
498
499
500 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
501
502 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
503
504
505 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
506
507 (((
508 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
509
510
511 )))
512
513 (((
514 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
515 )))
516
517 (((
518 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
519 )))
520
521 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
522
523
524 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
525
526 == 5.1  Home ==
527
528 Shows the system running status.
529
530 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
531
532
533 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
534
535 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
536
537 (((
538 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
539 )))
540
541 (((
542 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
543 )))
544
545 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
546 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
547
548 (((
549
550
551 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
552 )))
553
554 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
555
556 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
557
558
559 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
560
561 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
562
563 * No internet connection.
564 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
565
566 (((
567 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
568 )))
569
570 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
571
572
573 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
574
575 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
576
577 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
578
579 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
580
581 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
582
583 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
584
585 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
586
587 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
588
589
590 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
591
592 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
593
594 (((
595 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
596
597
598 )))
599
600 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
601
602 (((
603 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
604 )))
605
606 (((
607 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
608 )))
609
610 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
611
612
613 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
614
615 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
616
617 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
618
619
620 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
621
622
623 == 5.5  System ==
624
625 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
626
627 Shows the system info:
628
629 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
630
631
632
633 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
634
635 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
636
637 (((
638 **__System Password:__**
639 )))
640
641 (((
642 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
643 )))
644
645 (((
646 This page can be used to set the password for them.
647 )))
648
649 (((
650 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
651 )))
652
653 (((
654 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
655
656
657
658 )))
659
660 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
661
662 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
663
664 (((
665 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
666 )))
667
668 (((
669 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
670 )))
671
672 (((
673 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
674
675
676
677 )))
678
679 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
680
681 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
682
683 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
684
685
686
687 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
688
689 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
690
691
692 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
693
694 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
695
696
697
698 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
699
700
701 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
702
703
704
705 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
706
707 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:(% style="display:none" %) 
708
709 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
710
711 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
712
713 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
714
715
716 Please see this document for detail:(% style="display:none" %)
717
718 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
719
720
721 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
722
723 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
724
725
726
727 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
728
729 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
730
731 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
732
733 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
734
735 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
736
737 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
738
739
740 (((
741 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
742 )))
743
744 (((
745 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
746 )))
747
748 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
749
750 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
751
752
753 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
754
755 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
756
757 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
758
759 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
760
761 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
762
763 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
764
765
766 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
767
768
769 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
770
771 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
772
773 (((
774
775
776
777 )))
778
779 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
780
781
782 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
783
784 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
785
786
787
788 == 5.6  LogRead ==
789
790 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
791
792
793 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
794
795 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
796
797
798
799 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
800
801 Show the system log
802
803 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
804
805
806
807 = 6.  More features =
808
809 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
810
811 Drop unwanted packets.
812
813 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
814
815
816 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
817
818 Remote Access Devices for management.
819
820 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/]]
821
822
823 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
824
825 Decode ABP:
826
827 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
828
829
830 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
831
832 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
833
834 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
835
836
837 == 6.5  More instructions ==
838
839 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
840
841
842 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
843
844 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
845
846 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
847
848 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
849
850 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
851
852 Please see this document for detail:
853
854 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
855
856 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
857
858 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
859
860 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
861
862 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
863
864 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
865
866 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
867
868 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
869
870 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
871
872 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
873
874 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
875
876 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
877
878
879 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
880
881 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
882
883
884 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
885
886
887
888 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
889
890 (((
891 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
892 )))
893
894 (((
895 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
896 )))
897
898 (((
899 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
900 )))
901
902 (((
903 Screenshot is as below:
904 )))
905
906 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
907
908
909
910 == 7.3  File System ==
911
912 (((
913 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
914 )))
915
916 (((
917 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
918 )))
919
920 (((
921 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
922 )))
923
924
925 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
926
927 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
928
929 (((
930 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
931 )))
932
933 (((
934 **In Linux Console run:**
935 )))
936
937 (((
938 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
939 )))
940
941 (((
942 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
943 )))
944
945 (((
946 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
947 )))
948
949 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
950
951
952 (((
953 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
954 )))
955
956 (((
957 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
958 )))
959
960 (((
961 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
962 )))
963
964 (((
965 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
966 )))
967
968 (((
969 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
970 )))
971
972 (((
973 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
974 )))
975
976 (((
977 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
978
979
980
981 )))
982
983 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
984
985 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
986
987 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
988
989 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
990
991 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
992
993 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
994
995
996 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
997
998
999 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1000
1001 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1002
1003 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1004
1005
1006 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to **//uncheck//** the //**Preserve Settings**// checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1007
1008
1009 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1010
1011 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1012
1013
1014 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1015
1016 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1017
1018 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1019
1020
1021 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1022
1023
1024
1025 = 9.  FAQ =
1026
1027 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1028
1029 (((
1030 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1031 )))
1032
1033 (((
1034
1035 )))
1036
1037 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1038
1039
1040 (((
1041 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1042 )))
1043
1044 (((
1045 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1046 )))
1047
1048 (((
1049
1050 )))
1051
1052 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1053
1054 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1055
1056
1057 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1058
1059 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1060
1061 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1062
1063 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1064
1065 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1066
1067 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1068
1069 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1070
1071 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1072
1073 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1074
1075 (((
1076 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1077 )))
1078
1079 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1080
1081
1082 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1083
1084 (((
1085 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1086 )))
1087
1088 (((
1089
1090 )))
1091
1092 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1093
1094 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1095
1096
1097 (((
1098 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1099 )))
1100
1101 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1102
1103
1104 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1105
1106 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1107
1108 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1109 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1110 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1111
1112 As below photo:
1113
1114 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1115
1116 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1117
1118 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1119
1120
1121 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1122
1123 (((
1124 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1125 )))
1126
1127 (((
1128 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]]to access and configure the device.
1129 )))
1130
1131
1132 = 11.  Order Info =
1133
1134
1135 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1136
1137
1138 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1139
1140 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1141 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1142
1143
1144
1145 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1146
1147 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1148 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1149 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1150 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1151
1152 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1153
1154
1155 = 12. Packing Info =
1156
1157 (((
1158 **Package Includes**:
1159 )))
1160
1161 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1162 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1163 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1164
1165 (((
1166 **Dimension and weight**:
1167 )))
1168
1169 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1170 * Weight: 187g
1171 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1172 * Weight: 300g
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178 = 13. Support =
1179
1180 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1181 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1182 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1183 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]