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Version 156.20 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/07 10:57
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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21
22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
70 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
71 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
72 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
75
76 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
77 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
78 * Tx power:
79 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
80 ** 11b tx power: 18db
81 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
82 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
83 * Wifi Sensitivity
84 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
85 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
86
87 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
88
89 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
90 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
91 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
92 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
93 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
94 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
95 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
96 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
97
98 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
99
100 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
101 * Micro SIM Slot
102 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
103 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
104 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
105 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
106
107
108
109 == 1.3  Features ==
110
111 * Open Source OpenWrt system
112 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
113 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
114 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
115 * LoRaWAN Gateway
116 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
117 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
118 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
119 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
120 * Support different level log in.
121 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
123 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
124
125
126
127 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
128
129 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
130
131
132 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
133
134 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
135
136
137 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
138
139
140 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
141
142 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
143 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
144 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
145 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
147 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
148
149 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
150
151
152
153 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
154
155 (((
156 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
157 )))
158
159
160 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
161
162 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
163
164 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
165
166
167 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
168
169 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
170
171
172 (((
173 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
174
175
176
177 )))
178
179 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
180
181 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
182
183
184 (((
185 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
186
187
188
189 )))
190
191 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
192
193 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
194
195
196 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
197
198
199
200 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
201
202 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
203
204
205
206 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
207
208 **Web Interface**
209
210 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
211
212 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
213
214 or
215
216 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
217
218
219 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
220
221 The account details for Web Login are:
222
223 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
224
225 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
226
227 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
228
229
230
231 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
232
233 == 3.1  Overview ==
234
235 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
236
237 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
238 * **WiFi Client Mode**
239 * **WiFi AP Mode**
240
241
242
243 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
244
245 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
246
247
248 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
249
250
251 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
252
253 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
254
255 (((
256 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
257
258 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
259 )))
260
261
262 (((
263 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
264
265
266 )))
267
268 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
269
270 (((
271 (((
272 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
273 )))
274
275
276 (((
277 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
278 )))
279
280 (((
281 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
282 )))
283 )))
284
285
286 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
287
288 (((
289
290 )))
291
292 (((
293 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
294 )))
295
296 (((
297 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
298 )))
299
300 (((
301 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
302 )))
303
304
305 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
306
307 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
308
309 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
310 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
311 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
312
313 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
314
315
316
317 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
318
319 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
320
321 (((
322 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
323 )))
324
325 (((
326 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
327 )))
328
329
330
331 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
332
333 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
334
335 (((
336 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
337 )))
338
339 (((
340 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
341 )))
342
343 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
344
345
346 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
347
348 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
349
350 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
351
352
353 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
354
355 (((
356 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
357 )))
358
359 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
360
361
362 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
363 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
364 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
365 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
366
367
368 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
369
370 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
371
372 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
373
374
375 Open the following page:
376
377
378 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
379
380
381 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
382
383
384 (((
385 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
386 )))
387
388 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
389
390 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
391
392
393 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
394
395 (((
396 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
397 )))
398
399 (((
400 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
401 )))
402
403 (((
404 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
405 )))
406
407 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
408
409 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
410
411
412 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
413
414 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
415
416
417 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
418
419 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
420
421
422 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
423
424 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
425
426 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
427
428
429 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
430
431 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
432
433
434 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
435
436 (((
437 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
438 )))
439
440 (((
441 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
442 )))
443
444 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
445
446 (((
447 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
448
449
450 )))
451
452 (((
453 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
454 )))
455
456 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
457 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
458 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
459
460 (((
461 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
462 )))
463
464 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
465
466 (((
467 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
468
469
470 )))
471
472 (((
473 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
474 )))
475
476 (((
477 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
478 )))
479
480 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
481
482 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
483
484
485 Start Register the end device
486
487 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
488
489 (((
490 Select OTAA activation mode
491
492
493 )))
494
495 (((
496 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
497 )))
498
499 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
500
501 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
502
503
504 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
505
506 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
507
508
509 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
510
511 (((
512 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
513
514
515 )))
516
517 (((
518 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
519 )))
520
521 (((
522 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
523 )))
524
525 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
526
527
528 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
529
530 == 5.1  Home ==
531
532 Shows the system running status.
533
534 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
535
536
537 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
538
539 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
540
541 (((
542 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
543 )))
544
545 (((
546 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
547 )))
548
549 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
550 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
551
552 (((
553
554
555 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
556 )))
557
558 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
559
560 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
561
562
563 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
564
565 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
566
567 * No internet connection.
568 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
569
570 (((
571 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
572 )))
573
574 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
575
576
577 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
578
579 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
580
581 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
582
583 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
584
585 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
586
587 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
588
589 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
590
591 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
592
593
594 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
595
596 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
597
598 (((
599 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
600
601
602 )))
603
604 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
605
606 (((
607 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
608 )))
609
610 (((
611 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
612 )))
613
614 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
615
616
617 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
618
619 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
620
621 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
622
623
624 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
625
626
627 == 5.5  System ==
628
629 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
630
631 Shows the system info:
632
633 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
634
635
636
637 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
638
639 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
640
641 (((
642 **__System Password:__**
643 )))
644
645 (((
646 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
647 )))
648
649 (((
650 This page can be used to set the password for them.
651 )))
652
653 (((
654 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
655 )))
656
657 (((
658 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
659
660
661
662 )))
663
664 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
665
666 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
667
668 (((
669 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
670 )))
671
672 (((
673 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
674 )))
675
676 (((
677 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
678
679
680
681 )))
682
683 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
684
685 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
686
687 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
688
689
690
691 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
692
693 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
694
695
696 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
697
698 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
699
700
701
702 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
703
704
705 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
706
707
708
709 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
710
711 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:(% style="display:none" %) 
712
713 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
714
715 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
716
717 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
718
719
720 Please see this document for detail:(% style="display:none" %)
721
722 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
723
724
725 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
726
727 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
728
729
730
731 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
732
733 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
734
735 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
736
737 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
738
739 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
740
741 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
742
743
744 (((
745 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
746 )))
747
748 (((
749 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
750 )))
751
752 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
753
754 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
755
756
757 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
758
759 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
760
761 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
762
763 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
764
765 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
766
767 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
768
769
770 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
771
772
773 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
774
775 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
776
777 (((
778
779
780
781 )))
782
783 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
784
785
786 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
787
788 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
789
790
791
792 == 5.6  LogRead ==
793
794 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
795
796
797 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
798
799 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
800
801
802
803 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
804
805 Show the system log
806
807 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
808
809
810
811 = 6.  More features =
812
813 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
814
815 Drop unwanted packets.
816
817 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
818
819
820 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
821
822 Remote Access Devices for management.
823
824 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/]]
825
826
827 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
828
829 Decode ABP:
830
831 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
832
833
834 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
835
836 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
837
838 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
839
840
841 == 6.5  More instructions ==
842
843 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
844
845
846 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
847
848 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
849
850 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
851
852 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
853
854 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
855
856 Please see this document for detail:
857
858 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
859
860 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
861
862 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
863
864 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
865
866 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
867
868 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
869
870 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
871
872 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
873
874 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
875
876 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
877
878 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
879
880 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
881
882
883 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
884
885 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
886
887
888 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
889
890
891
892 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
893
894 (((
895 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
896 )))
897
898 (((
899 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
900 )))
901
902 (((
903 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
904 )))
905
906 (((
907 Screenshot is as below:
908 )))
909
910 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
911
912
913
914 == 7.3  File System ==
915
916 (((
917 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
918 )))
919
920 (((
921 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
922 )))
923
924 (((
925 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
926 )))
927
928
929 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
930
931 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
932
933 (((
934 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
935 )))
936
937 (((
938 **In Linux Console run:**
939 )))
940
941 (((
942 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
943 )))
944
945 (((
946 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
947 )))
948
949 (((
950 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
951 )))
952
953 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
954
955
956 (((
957 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
958 )))
959
960 (((
961 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
962 )))
963
964 (((
965 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
966 )))
967
968 (((
969 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
970 )))
971
972 (((
973 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
974 )))
975
976 (((
977 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
978 )))
979
980 (((
981 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
982
983
984
985 )))
986
987 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
988
989 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
990
991 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
992
993 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
994
995 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
996
997 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
998
999
1000 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1001
1002
1003 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1004
1005 (((
1006 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1007 )))
1008
1009 (((
1010 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1011 )))
1012
1013
1014 (((
1015 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to **//uncheck//** the //**Preserve Settings**// checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1016 )))
1017
1018
1019 (((
1020 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1021 )))
1022
1023 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1024
1025
1026 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1027
1028 (((
1029 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1030 )))
1031
1032 (((
1033 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1034 )))
1035
1036
1037 (((
1038 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1039 )))
1040
1041
1042
1043 = 9.  FAQ =
1044
1045 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1046
1047 (((
1048 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1049 )))
1050
1051 (((
1052
1053 )))
1054
1055 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1056
1057 (((
1058 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1059 )))
1060
1061 (((
1062 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1063 )))
1064
1065 (((
1066
1067 )))
1068
1069 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1070
1071 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1072
1073
1074 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1075
1076 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1077
1078 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1079
1080 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1081
1082 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1083
1084 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1085
1086 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1087
1088 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1089
1090 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1091
1092 (((
1093 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1094 )))
1095
1096 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1097
1098
1099 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1100
1101 (((
1102 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1103 )))
1104
1105 (((
1106
1107 )))
1108
1109 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1110
1111 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1112
1113
1114 (((
1115 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1116 )))
1117
1118 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1119
1120
1121 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1122
1123 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1124
1125 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1126 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1127 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1128
1129 As below photo:
1130
1131 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1132
1133 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1134
1135 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1136
1137
1138 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1139
1140 (((
1141 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1142 )))
1143
1144 (((
1145 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1146 )))
1147
1148
1149 = 11.  Order Info =
1150
1151
1152 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1153
1154
1155 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1156
1157 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1158 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1159
1160
1161 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1162
1163 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1164 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1165 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1166 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1167
1168 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1169
1170
1171 = 12.  Packing Info =
1172
1173 (((
1174 **Package Includes**:
1175 )))
1176
1177 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1178 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1179 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1180
1181 (((
1182 **Dimension and weight**:
1183 )))
1184
1185 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1186 * Weight: 187g
1187 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1188 * Weight: 300g
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193 = 13.  Support =
1194
1195 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1196 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1197 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1198 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]