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Version 132.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 16:39
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106 == 1.3  Features ==
107
108 * Open Source OpenWrt system
109 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
110 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
111 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
112 * LoRaWAN Gateway
113 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
114 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
115 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
116 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
117 * Support different level log in.
118 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
119 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
120 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
121
122 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
123
124 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
125
126
127 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
128
129 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
130
131
132 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
133
134
135 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
136
137 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
138 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
139 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
140 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
141 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
142 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
143
144 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
145
146
147
148 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
149
150 (((
151 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
152 )))
153
154
155 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
156
157 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
158
159 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
160
161
162 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
163
164 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
165
166
167 (((
168 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
169
170
171
172 )))
173
174 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
175
176 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
177
178
179 (((
180 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
181
182
183
184 )))
185
186 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
187
188 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
189
190
191 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
192
193
194
195 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
196
197 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
198
199
200
201 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
202
203 **Web Interface**
204
205 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
206
207 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
208
209 or
210
211 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
212
213
214 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
215
216 The account details for Web Login are:
217
218 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
219
220 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
221
222 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
223
224
225
226 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
227
228 == 3.1  Overview ==
229
230 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
231
232 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
233 * **WiFi Client Mode**
234 * **WiFi AP Mode**
235
236 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
237
238 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
239
240
241 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
242
243
244 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
245
246 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
247
248 (((
249 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
250
251 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
252 )))
253
254
255 (((
256 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
257
258
259 )))
260
261 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
262
263 (((
264 (((
265 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
266 )))
267
268
269 (((
270 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
271 )))
272
273 (((
274 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
275 )))
276 )))
277
278
279 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
280
281 (((
282
283 )))
284
285 (((
286 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
287 )))
288
289 (((
290 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
291 )))
292
293 (((
294 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
295 )))
296
297
298 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
299
300 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
301
302 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
303 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
304 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
305
306 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
307
308
309
310 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
311
312 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
313
314 (((
315 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
316 )))
317
318 (((
319 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
320 )))
321
322
323
324 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
325
326 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
327
328 (((
329 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
330 )))
331
332 (((
333 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
334 )))
335
336 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
337
338
339 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
340
341 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
342
343 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
344
345
346 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
347
348 (((
349 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
350 )))
351
352 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
353
354
355 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
356 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
357 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
358 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
359
360 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
361
362 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
363
364 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
365
366
367 Open the following page:
368
369
370 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
371
372
373 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
374
375
376 (((
377 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
378 )))
379
380 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
381
382 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
383
384
385 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
386
387 (((
388 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
389 )))
390
391 (((
392 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
393 )))
394
395 (((
396 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
397 )))
398
399 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
400
401 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
402
403
404 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
405
406 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
407
408
409 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
410
411 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
412
413
414 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
415
416 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
417
418 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
419
420
421 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
422
423 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
424
425
426 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
427
428 (((
429 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
430 )))
431
432 (((
433 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
434 )))
435
436 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
437
438 (((
439 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
440
441
442 )))
443
444 (((
445 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
446 )))
447
448 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
449 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
450 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
451
452 (((
453 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
454 )))
455
456 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
457
458 (((
459 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
460
461
462 )))
463
464 (((
465 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
466 )))
467
468 (((
469 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
470 )))
471
472 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
473
474 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
475
476
477 Start Register the end device
478
479 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
480
481 (((
482 Select OTAA activation mode
483
484
485 )))
486
487 (((
488 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
489 )))
490
491 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
492
493 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
494
495
496 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
497
498 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
499
500
501 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
502
503 (((
504 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
505
506
507 )))
508
509 (((
510 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
511 )))
512
513 (((
514 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
515 )))
516
517 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
518
519
520 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
521
522 == 5.1  Home ==
523
524 Shows the system running status.
525
526 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
527
528
529 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
530
531 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
532
533 (((
534 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
535 )))
536
537 (((
538 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
539 )))
540
541 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
542 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
543
544 (((
545
546
547 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
548 )))
549
550 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
551
552 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
553
554
555 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
556
557 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
558
559 * No internet connection.
560 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
561
562
563 (((
564 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
565 )))
566
567 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
568
569
570 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
571
572 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
573
574 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
575
576 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
577
578 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
579
580 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
581
582 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
583
584 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
585
586 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
587
588 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
589
590 (((
591 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
592 )))
593
594 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
595
596 (((
597 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
598 )))
599
600 (((
601 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
602 )))
603
604 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
605
606 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
607
608 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
609
610 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
611
612
613 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
614
615 == 5.5 System ==
616
617 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
618
619 Shows the system info:
620
621 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
622
623 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
624
625 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
626
627 (((
628 **__System Password:__**
629 )))
630
631 (((
632 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
633 )))
634
635 (((
636 This page can be used to set the password for them.
637 )))
638
639 (((
640 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
641 )))
642
643 (((
644 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
645 )))
646
647 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
648
649 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
650
651 (((
652 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
653 )))
654
655 (((
656 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
657 )))
658
659 (((
660 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
661
662
663 )))
664
665 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
666
667 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
668
669 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
670
671 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
672
673 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
674
675 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
676
677 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
678
679 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
680
681 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
682
683 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
684
685 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
686
687 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
688
689 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
690
691 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
692
693 Please see this document for detail:
694
695 (((
696 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
697 )))
698
699
700 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
701
702 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
703
704
705 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
706
707 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
708
709 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
710
711 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
712
713 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
714
715 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
716
717 (((
718 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
719 )))
720
721 (((
722 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
723 )))
724
725 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
726
727 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
728
729 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
730
731 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
732
733 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
734
735 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
736
737 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
738
739 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
740
741 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
742
743 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
744
745 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
746
747 (((
748
749 )))
750
751 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
752
753 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
754
755 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
756
757 == 5.6 LogRead ==
758
759 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
760
761
762 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
763
764 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
765
766
767 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
768
769 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
770
771 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
772
773
774 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
775
776 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
777
778
779 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
780
781 Show the system log
782
783 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
784
785 = 6. More features =
786
787 == 6.1 More instructions ==
788
789 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
790
791
792 = 7. Linux System =
793
794 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
795
796 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
797
798 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
799
800 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
801
802 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
803
804 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
805
806 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
807
808 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
809
810 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
811
812 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
813
814 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
815
816
817 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
818
819 (((
820 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
821 )))
822
823 (((
824 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
825 )))
826
827 (((
828 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
829 )))
830
831 (((
832 Screenshot is as below:
833 )))
834
835 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
836
837
838 == 7.3 File System ==
839
840 (((
841 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
842 )))
843
844 (((
845 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
846 )))
847
848 (((
849 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
850 )))
851
852
853 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
854
855 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
856
857 (((
858 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
859 )))
860
861 (((
862 **In Linux Console run:**
863 )))
864
865 (((
866 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
867 )))
868
869 (((
870 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
871 )))
872
873 (((
874 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
875 )))
876
877 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
878
879
880 (((
881 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
882 )))
883
884 (((
885 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
886 )))
887
888 (((
889 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
890 )))
891
892 (((
893 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
894 )))
895
896 (((
897 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
898 )))
899
900 (((
901 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
902 )))
903
904 (((
905 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
906 )))
907
908 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
909
910
911 = 9. FAQ =
912
913 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
914
915 (((
916 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
917 )))
918
919 (((
920
921 )))
922
923 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
924
925 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
926
927
928 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
929
930 (((
931 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
932 )))
933
934 (((
935 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
936 )))
937
938
939 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
940
941 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
942
943
944 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
945
946 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
947
948 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
949
950 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
951
952 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
953
954 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
955
956 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
957
958 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
959
960 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
961
962 (((
963 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
964 )))
965
966 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
967
968
969 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
970
971 (((
972 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
973 )))
974
975 (((
976
977 )))
978
979 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
980
981 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
982
983 (((
984 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
985 )))
986
987 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
988
989
990 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
991
992 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
993
994 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
995 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
996 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
997
998 As below photo:
999
1000 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1001
1002 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1003
1004 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1005
1006
1007 = 11. Order Info =
1008
1009 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1010
1011 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1012
1013 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1014 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1015
1016 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1017
1018 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1019 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1020 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1021 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1022
1023 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1024
1025
1026 = 12. Packing Info =
1027
1028 (((
1029 **Package Includes**:
1030 )))
1031
1032 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1033 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1034 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1035
1036 (((
1037 **Dimension and weight**:
1038 )))
1039
1040 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1041 * Weight: 187g
1042 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1043 * Weight: 300g
1044
1045 = 13. Support =
1046
1047 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1048 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1049 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1050 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]