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Version 110.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 15:07
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107
108
109 == 1.3  Features ==
110
111 * Open Source OpenWrt system
112 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
113 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
114 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
115 * LoRaWAN Gateway
116 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
117 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
118 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
119 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
120 * Support different level log in.
121 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
123 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
124
125
126
127
128 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
129
130 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
131
132
133 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
134
135 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
136
137
138 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
139
140
141 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
142
143 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
144 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
145 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
147 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
148 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
149
150 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
151
152
153 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
154
155 (((
156 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
157 )))
158
159
160 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
161
162 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
163
164 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
165
166
167 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
168
169 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
170
171
172 (((
173 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
174
175
176
177 )))
178
179 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
180
181 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
182
183
184 (((
185 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
186
187
188
189 )))
190
191 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
192
193 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
194
195
196 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
197
198
199
200 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
201
202 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
203
204
205
206 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
207
208 **Web Interface**
209
210 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
211
212 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
213
214 or
215
216 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
217
218
219 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
220
221 The account details for Web Login are:
222
223 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
224
225 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
226
227 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
228
229
230
231 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
232
233 == 3.1  Overview ==
234
235 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
236
237 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
238 * **WiFi Client Mode**
239 * **WiFi AP Mode**
240
241
242
243
244 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
245
246 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
247
248
249 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
250
251
252 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
253
254 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
255
256 (((
257 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
258
259 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
260 )))
261
262
263 (((
264 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
265
266
267 )))
268
269 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
270
271 (((
272 (((
273 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
274 )))
275
276
277 (((
278 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
279 )))
280
281 (((
282 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
283 )))
284 )))
285
286
287 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
288
289 (((
290
291 )))
292
293 (((
294 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
295 )))
296
297 (((
298 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
299 )))
300
301 (((
302 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
303 )))
304
305
306 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
307
308 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
309
310 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
311 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
312 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
313
314 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
315
316 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
317
318
319 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
320
321 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
322
323 (((
324 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
325 )))
326
327 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
328
329 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
330
331 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
332
333 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
334
335 (((
336 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
337 )))
338
339 (((
340 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
341 )))
342
343 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
344
345 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
346
347 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
348
349 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
350
351 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
352
353 (((
354 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
355 )))
356
357 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
358
359 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
360 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
361 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
362 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
363
364 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
365
366 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
367
368 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
369
370 Open the following page:
371
372 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
373
374 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
375
376 (((
377 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
378 )))
379
380 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
381
382 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
383
384 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
385
386 (((
387 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
388 )))
389
390 (((
391 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
392 )))
393
394 (((
395 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
396 )))
397
398 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
399
400 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
401
402 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
403
404 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
405
406 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
407
408 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
409
410 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
411
412 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
413
414 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
415
416
417 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
418
419 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
420
421 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
422
423 (((
424 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
425 )))
426
427 (((
428 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
429 )))
430
431 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
432
433 (((
434 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
435 )))
436
437 (((
438 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
439 )))
440
441 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
442 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
443 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
444
445 (((
446 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
447 )))
448
449 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
450
451 (((
452 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
453 )))
454
455 (((
456 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
457 )))
458
459 (((
460 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
461 )))
462
463 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
464
465 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
466
467 Start Register the end device
468
469 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
470
471 (((
472 Select OTAA activation mode
473 )))
474
475 (((
476 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
477 )))
478
479 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
480
481 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
482
483 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
484
485 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
486
487 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
488
489 (((
490 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
491 )))
492
493 (((
494 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
495 )))
496
497 (((
498 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
499 )))
500
501 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
502
503 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
504
505 == 5.1 Home ==
506
507 Shows the system running status.
508
509 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
510
511 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
512
513 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
514
515 (((
516 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
517 )))
518
519 (((
520 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
521 )))
522
523 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
524 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
525
526 (((
527 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
528 )))
529
530 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
531
532 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
533
534
535 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
536
537 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
538
539 * No internet connection.
540 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
541
542 (((
543 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
544 )))
545
546 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
547
548 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
549
550 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
551
552 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
553
554 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
555
556 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
557
558 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
559
560 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
561
562 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
563
564 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
565
566 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
567
568 (((
569 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
570 )))
571
572 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
573
574 (((
575 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
576 )))
577
578 (((
579 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
580 )))
581
582 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
583
584 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
585
586 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
587
588 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
589
590
591 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
592
593 == 5.5 System ==
594
595 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
596
597 Shows the system info:
598
599 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
600
601 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
602
603 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
604
605 (((
606 **__System Password:__**
607 )))
608
609 (((
610 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
611 )))
612
613 (((
614 This page can be used to set the password for them.
615 )))
616
617 (((
618 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
619 )))
620
621 (((
622 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
623 )))
624
625 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
626
627 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
628
629 (((
630 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
631 )))
632
633 (((
634 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
635 )))
636
637 (((
638 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
639
640
641 )))
642
643 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
644
645 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
646
647 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
648
649 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
650
651 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
652
653 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
654
655 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
656
657 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
658
659 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
660
661 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
662
663 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
664
665 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
666
667 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
668
669 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
670
671 Please see this document for detail:
672
673 (((
674 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
675 )))
676
677
678 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
679
680 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
681
682
683 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
684
685 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
686
687 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
688
689 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
690
691 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
692
693 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
694
695 (((
696 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
697 )))
698
699 (((
700 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
701 )))
702
703 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
704
705 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
706
707 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
708
709 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
710
711 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
712
713 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
714
715 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
716
717 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
718
719 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
720
721 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
722
723 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
724
725 (((
726
727 )))
728
729 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
730
731 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
732
733 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
734
735 == 5.6 LogRead ==
736
737 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
738
739
740 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
741
742 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
743
744
745 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
746
747 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
748
749 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
750
751
752 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
753
754 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
755
756
757 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
758
759 Show the system log
760
761 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
762
763 = 6. More features =
764
765 == 6.1 More instructions ==
766
767 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
768
769
770 = 7. Linux System =
771
772 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
773
774 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
775
776 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
777
778 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
779
780 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
781
782 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
783
784 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
785
786 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
787
788 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
789
790 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
791
792 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
793
794
795 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
796
797 (((
798 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
799 )))
800
801 (((
802 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
803 )))
804
805 (((
806 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
807 )))
808
809 (((
810 Screenshot is as below:
811 )))
812
813 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
814
815
816 == 7.3 File System ==
817
818 (((
819 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
820 )))
821
822 (((
823 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
824 )))
825
826 (((
827 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
828 )))
829
830
831 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
832
833 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
834
835 (((
836 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
837 )))
838
839 (((
840 **In Linux Console run:**
841 )))
842
843 (((
844 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
845 )))
846
847 (((
848 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
849 )))
850
851 (((
852 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
853 )))
854
855 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
856
857
858 (((
859 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
860 )))
861
862 (((
863 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
864 )))
865
866 (((
867 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
868 )))
869
870 (((
871 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
872 )))
873
874 (((
875 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
876 )))
877
878 (((
879 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
880 )))
881
882 (((
883 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
884 )))
885
886 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
887
888
889 = 9. FAQ =
890
891 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
892
893 (((
894 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
895 )))
896
897 (((
898
899 )))
900
901 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
902
903 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
904
905
906 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
907
908 (((
909 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
910 )))
911
912 (((
913 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
914 )))
915
916
917 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
918
919 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
920
921
922 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
923
924 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
925
926 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
927
928 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
929
930 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
931
932 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
933
934 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
935
936 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
937
938 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
939
940 (((
941 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
942 )))
943
944 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
945
946
947 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
948
949 (((
950 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
951 )))
952
953 (((
954
955 )))
956
957 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
958
959 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
960
961 (((
962 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
963 )))
964
965 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
966
967
968 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
969
970 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
971
972 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
973 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
974 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
975
976 As below photo:
977
978 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
979
980 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
981
982 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
983
984
985 = 11. Order Info =
986
987 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
988
989 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
990
991 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
992 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
993
994 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
995
996 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
997 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
998 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
999 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1000
1001 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1002
1003
1004 = 12. Packing Info =
1005
1006 (((
1007 **Package Includes**:
1008 )))
1009
1010 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1011 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1012 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1013
1014 (((
1015 **Dimension and weight**:
1016 )))
1017
1018 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1019 * Weight: 187g
1020 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1021 * Weight: 300g
1022
1023 = 13. Support =
1024
1025 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1026 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1027 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1028 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]