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Version 104.5 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 14:20
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107
108
109 == 1.3  Features ==
110
111 * Open Source OpenWrt system
112 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
113 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
114 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
115 * LoRaWAN Gateway
116 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
117 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
118 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
119 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
120 * Support different level log in.
121 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
123 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
124
125
126
127
128 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
129
130 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
131
132
133 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
134
135 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
136
137
138 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
139
140
141 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
142
143 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
144 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
145 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
147 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
148 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
149
150 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
151
152
153 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
154
155 (((
156 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
157 )))
158
159
160 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
161
162 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
163
164 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
165
166
167 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
168
169 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
170
171
172 (((
173 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
174
175
176
177 )))
178
179 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
180
181 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
182
183
184 (((
185 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
186
187
188
189 )))
190
191 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
192
193 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
194
195
196 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
197
198
199
200 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
201
202 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
203
204
205
206 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
207
208 **Web Interface**
209
210 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
211
212 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
213
214 or
215
216 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
217
218
219 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
220
221 The account details for Web Login are:
222
223 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
224
225 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
226
227 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
228
229 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
230
231 == 3.1 Overview ==
232
233 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
234
235 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
236 * **WiFi Client Mode**
237 * **WiFi AP Mode**
238 * **Cellular Mode**
239
240 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
241
242 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
243
244 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
245
246 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
247
248 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
249
250 (((
251 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
252 )))
253
254 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
255
256 (((
257 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
258 )))
259
260 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
261
262 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
263
264 (((
265 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
266 )))
267
268 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
269
270
271 (((
272 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
273 )))
274
275 (((
276 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
277 )))
278
279 (((
280 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
281 )))
282
283 (((
284 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
285 )))
286
287 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
288
289 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
290
291 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
292
293 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
294 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
295 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
296
297 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
298
299 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
300
301 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
302
303 (((
304 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
305 )))
306
307 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
308
309 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
310
311 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
312
313 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
314
315 (((
316 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
317 )))
318
319 (((
320 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
321 )))
322
323 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
324
325 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
326
327 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
328
329 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
330
331 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
332
333 (((
334 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
335 )))
336
337 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
338
339 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
340 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
341 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
342 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
343
344 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
345
346 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
347
348 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
349
350 Open the following page:
351
352 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
353
354 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
355
356 (((
357 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
358 )))
359
360 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
361
362 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
363
364 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
365
366 (((
367 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
368 )))
369
370 (((
371 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
372 )))
373
374 (((
375 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
376 )))
377
378 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
379
380 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
381
382 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
383
384 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
385
386 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
387
388 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
389
390 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
391
392 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
393
394 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
395
396
397 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
398
399 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
400
401 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
402
403 (((
404 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
405 )))
406
407 (((
408 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
409 )))
410
411 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
412
413 (((
414 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
415 )))
416
417 (((
418 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
419 )))
420
421 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
422 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
423 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
424
425 (((
426 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
427 )))
428
429 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
430
431 (((
432 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
433 )))
434
435 (((
436 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
437 )))
438
439 (((
440 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
441 )))
442
443 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
444
445 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
446
447 Start Register the end device
448
449 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
450
451 (((
452 Select OTAA activation mode
453 )))
454
455 (((
456 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
457 )))
458
459 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
460
461 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
462
463 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
464
465 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
466
467 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
468
469 (((
470 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
471 )))
472
473 (((
474 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
475 )))
476
477 (((
478 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
479 )))
480
481 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
482
483 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
484
485 == 5.1 Home ==
486
487 Shows the system running status.
488
489 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
490
491 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
492
493 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
494
495 (((
496 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
497 )))
498
499 (((
500 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
501 )))
502
503 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
504 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
505
506 (((
507 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
508 )))
509
510 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
511
512 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
513
514
515 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
516
517 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
518
519 * No internet connection.
520 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
521
522 (((
523 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
524 )))
525
526 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
527
528 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
529
530 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
531
532 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
533
534 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
535
536 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
537
538 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
539
540 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
541
542 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
543
544 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
545
546 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
547
548 (((
549 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
550 )))
551
552 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
553
554 (((
555 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
556 )))
557
558 (((
559 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
560 )))
561
562 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
563
564 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
565
566 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
567
568 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
569
570
571 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
572
573 == 5.5 System ==
574
575 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
576
577 Shows the system info:
578
579 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
580
581 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
582
583 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
584
585 (((
586 **__System Password:__**
587 )))
588
589 (((
590 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
591 )))
592
593 (((
594 This page can be used to set the password for them.
595 )))
596
597 (((
598 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
599 )))
600
601 (((
602 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
603 )))
604
605 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
606
607 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
608
609 (((
610 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
611 )))
612
613 (((
614 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
615 )))
616
617 (((
618 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
619
620
621 )))
622
623 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
624
625 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
626
627 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
628
629 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
630
631 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
632
633 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
634
635 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
636
637 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
638
639 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
640
641 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
642
643 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
644
645 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
646
647 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
648
649 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
650
651 Please see this document for detail:
652
653 (((
654 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
655 )))
656
657
658 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
659
660 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
661
662
663 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
664
665 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
666
667 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
668
669 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
670
671 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
672
673 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
674
675 (((
676 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
677 )))
678
679 (((
680 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
681 )))
682
683 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
684
685 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
686
687 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
688
689 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
690
691 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
692
693 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
694
695 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
696
697 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
698
699 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
700
701 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
702
703 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
704
705 (((
706
707 )))
708
709 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
710
711 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
712
713 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
714
715 == 5.6 LogRead ==
716
717 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
718
719
720 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
721
722 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
723
724
725 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
726
727 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
728
729 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
730
731
732 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
733
734 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
735
736
737 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
738
739 Show the system log
740
741 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
742
743 = 6. More features =
744
745 == 6.1 More instructions ==
746
747 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
748
749
750 = 7. Linux System =
751
752 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
753
754 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
755
756 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
757
758 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
759
760 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
761
762 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
763
764 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
765
766 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
767
768 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
769
770 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
771
772 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
773
774
775 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
776
777 (((
778 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
779 )))
780
781 (((
782 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
783 )))
784
785 (((
786 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
787 )))
788
789 (((
790 Screenshot is as below:
791 )))
792
793 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
794
795
796 == 7.3 File System ==
797
798 (((
799 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
800 )))
801
802 (((
803 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
804 )))
805
806 (((
807 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
808 )))
809
810
811 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
812
813 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
814
815 (((
816 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
817 )))
818
819 (((
820 **In Linux Console run:**
821 )))
822
823 (((
824 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
825 )))
826
827 (((
828 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
829 )))
830
831 (((
832 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
833 )))
834
835 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
836
837
838 (((
839 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
840 )))
841
842 (((
843 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
844 )))
845
846 (((
847 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
848 )))
849
850 (((
851 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
852 )))
853
854 (((
855 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
856 )))
857
858 (((
859 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
860 )))
861
862 (((
863 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
864 )))
865
866 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
867
868
869 = 9. FAQ =
870
871 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
872
873 (((
874 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
875 )))
876
877 (((
878
879 )))
880
881 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
882
883 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
884
885
886 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
887
888 (((
889 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
890 )))
891
892 (((
893 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
894 )))
895
896
897 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
898
899 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
900
901
902 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
903
904 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
905
906 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
907
908 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
909
910 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
911
912 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
913
914 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
915
916 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
917
918 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
919
920 (((
921 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
922 )))
923
924 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
925
926
927 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
928
929 (((
930 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
931 )))
932
933 (((
934
935 )))
936
937 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
938
939 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
940
941 (((
942 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
943 )))
944
945 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
946
947
948 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
949
950 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
951
952 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
953 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
954 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
955
956 As below photo:
957
958 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
959
960 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
961
962 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
963
964
965 = 11. Order Info =
966
967 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
968
969 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
970
971 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
972 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
973
974 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
975
976 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
977 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
978 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
979 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
980
981 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
982
983
984 = 12. Packing Info =
985
986 (((
987 **Package Includes**:
988 )))
989
990 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
991 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
992 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
993
994 (((
995 **Dimension and weight**:
996 )))
997
998 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
999 * Weight: 187g
1000 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1001 * Weight: 300g
1002
1003 = 13. Support =
1004
1005 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1006 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1007 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1008 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]