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Version 96.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/05 16:51
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1657010676286-732.png||height="452" width="452"]]
3
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6
7 **Table of Contents：**
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19
20 = 1. Introduction =
21
22 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
23
24
25 (((
26 (((
27 The LG308N is an open source (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN Pico Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
28 )))
29
30 (((
31 The LG308N uses (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (%%)and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**SX1302 LoRa concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
32 )))
33
34 (((
35 LG308N has (% style="color:blue" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:blue" %)**customized the frequency bands**(%%) to use in their own LoRa network.
36 )))
37
38 (((
39 LG308N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
40 )))
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1657010949218-224.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2 Specifications ==
51
52
53 **Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63
64
65 **Interface:**
66
67 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 2
68 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
69 * LoRaWAN Wireless
70 * Power Input: 12 V DC, 2 A
71 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
72 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
73 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
74 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
75
76
77
78 **WiFi Spec:**
79
80 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
81 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
82 * Tx power:
83 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
84 ** 11b tx power: 18db
85 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
86 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
87 * Wifi Sensitivity
88 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
89 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
90
91
92
93 **LoRa Spec:**
94
95 * Up to -142.5 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
96 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
97 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
98 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
99 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
100 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
101 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
102 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
103
104
105
106 **Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
107
108 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
109 * Standard Size SIM Slot
110 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
111 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
112 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
113 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
114
115
116
117 == 1.3 Features ==
118
119 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
120 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
121 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
122 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
123 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
124 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
125 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
126 * Far seeing LED indicator
127 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
128 * External fiber glass antenna
129 * Auto-Provision
130 * Remote Monitoring
131 * 802.3af PoE
132 * IP65
133 * Lighting Protection
134 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
135
136
137 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
138
139 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
140
141
142 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
143
144 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
145
146
147 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
148
149 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
150
151
152 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
153
154 (((
155 (((
156 * (((
157 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
158 )))
159 )))
160
161 * (((
162 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
163 )))
164 * (((
165 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
166
167
168
169
170 )))
171 )))
172
173 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
174
175 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
176
177 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
178
179 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
180
181 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
182
183
184 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
185
186 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
187
188 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
189
190 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
191
192 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
193
194 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
195
196 (((
197 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
198
199
200 )))
201
202 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
203
204 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
205
206
207 (((
208 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
209
210
211 )))
212
213 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
214
215 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
216
217
218 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
219
220
221 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
222
223 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
224
225
226 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
227
228 **Web Interface**
229
230 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
231
232 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
233
234 or
235
236 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
237
238
239 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
240
241 The account details for Web Login are:
242
243 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
244
245 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
246
247 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
248
249 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
250
251 == 3.1 Overview ==
252
253 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
254
255 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
256 * **WiFi Client Mode**
257 * **WiFi AP Mode**
258 * **Cellular Mode**
259
260
261 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
262
263 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
264
265 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
266
267
268 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
269
270 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
271
272 (((
273 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
274 )))
275
276 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
277
278 (((
279 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
280
281
282 )))
283
284 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
285
286 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
287
288 (((
289 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
290 )))
291
292 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
293
294
295 (((
296 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
297 )))
298
299 (((
300 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
301 )))
302
303 (((
304 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
305 )))
306
307 (((
308 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
309 )))
310
311 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
312
313
314 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
315
316 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
317
318 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
319 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
320 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
321
322 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
323
324
325 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
326
327 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
328
329 (((
330 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
331 )))
332
333 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
334
335 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
336
337
338 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
339
340 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
341
342 (((
343 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
344 )))
345
346 (((
347 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
348 )))
349
350 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
351
352 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
353
354 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
355
356 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
357
358 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
359
360 (((
361 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
362 )))
363
364 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
365
366 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
367 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
368 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
369 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
370
371 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
372
373 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
374
375 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
376
377 Open the following page:
378
379 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
380
381 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
382
383 (((
384 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
385 )))
386
387 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
388
389 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
390
391
392 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
393
394 (((
395 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
396 )))
397
398 (((
399 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
400 )))
401
402 (((
403 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
404 )))
405
406 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
407
408 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
409
410 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
411
412 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
413
414 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
415
416 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
417
418
419 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
420
421 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
422
423 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
424
425
426 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
427
428 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
429
430
431 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
432
433 (((
434 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
435 )))
436
437 (((
438 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
439 )))
440
441 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
442
443 (((
444 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
445 )))
446
447 (((
448 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
449 )))
450
451 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
452 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
453 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
454
455 (((
456 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
457 )))
458
459 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
460
461 (((
462 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
463 )))
464
465 (((
466 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
467 )))
468
469 (((
470 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
471 )))
472
473 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
474
475 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
476
477 Start Register the end device
478
479 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
480
481 (((
482 Select OTAA activation mode
483 )))
484
485 (((
486 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
487 )))
488
489 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
490
491 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
492
493 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
494
495 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
496
497 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
498
499 (((
500 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
501 )))
502
503 (((
504 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
505 )))
506
507 (((
508 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
509 )))
510
511 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
512
513
514 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
515
516 == 5.1 Home ==
517
518 Shows the system running status.
519
520 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
521
522
523 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
524
525 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
526
527 (((
528 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
529 )))
530
531 (((
532 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
533 )))
534
535 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
536 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
537
538 (((
539 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
540 )))
541
542 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
543
544 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
545
546
547 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
548
549 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
550
551 * No internet connection.
552 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
553
554 (((
555 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
556 )))
557
558 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
559
560
561 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
562
563 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
564
565 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
566
567 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
568
569 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
570
571 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
572
573 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
574
575 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
576
577
578 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
579
580 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
581
582
583 (((
584 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
585
586
587 )))
588
589 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
590
591 (((
592 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
593 )))
594
595 (((
596 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
597 )))
598
599 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
600
601
602 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
603
604 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
605
606 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
607
608
609 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
610
611
612 == 5.5 System ==
613
614 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
615
616 Shows the system info:
617
618 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
619
620
621 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
622
623 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
624
625 (((
626 **__System Password:__**
627 )))
628
629 (((
630 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
631 )))
632
633 (((
634 This page can be used to set the password for them.
635 )))
636
637 (((
638 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
639 )))
640
641 (((
642 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
643
644
645 )))
646
647 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
648
649 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
650
651 (((
652 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
653 )))
654
655 (((
656 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
657 )))
658
659 (((
660 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
661
662
663 )))
664
665 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
666
667 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
668
669 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
670
671
672 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
673
674 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
675
676 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
677
678 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
679
680
681 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
682
683 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
684
685
686 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
687
688 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
689
690 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
691
692 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
693
694 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
695
696 Please see this document for detail:
697
698 (((
699 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
700 )))
701
702
703 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
704
705 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
706
707
708 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
709
710 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
711
712 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
713
714 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
715
716 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
717
718 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
719
720 (((
721 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
722 )))
723
724 (((
725 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
726 )))
727
728 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
729
730 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
731
732 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
733
734 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
735
736 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
737
738 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
739
740 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
741
742 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
743
744 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
745
746
747 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
748
749 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
750
751 (((
752
753 )))
754
755 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
756
757 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
758
759 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
760
761
762 == 5.6 LogRead ==
763
764 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
765
766
767 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
768
769 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
770
771
772 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
773
774 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
775
776 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
777
778
779 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
780
781 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
782
783
784 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
785
786 Show the system log
787
788 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
789
790 = 6. More features =
791
792 == 6.1 More instructions ==
793
794 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
795
796
797 = 7. Linux System =
798
799 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
800
801
802 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
803
804 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
805
806 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
807
808 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
809
810 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
811
812 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
813
814 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
815
816 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
817
818 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
819
820 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
821
822
823 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
824
825 (((
826 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
827 )))
828
829 (((
830 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
831 )))
832
833 (((
834 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
835 )))
836
837 (((
838 Screenshot is as below:
839 )))
840
841 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
842
843
844 == 7.3 File System ==
845
846 (((
847 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
848 )))
849
850 (((
851 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
852 )))
853
854 (((
855 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
856 )))
857
858
859 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
860
861 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
862
863 (((
864 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
865 )))
866
867 (((
868 **In Linux Console run:**
869 )))
870
871 (((
872 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
873 )))
874
875 (((
876 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
877 )))
878
879 (((
880 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
881 )))
882
883 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
884
885
886 (((
887 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
888 )))
889
890 (((
891 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
892 )))
893
894 (((
895 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
896 )))
897
898 (((
899 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
900 )))
901
902 (((
903 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
904 )))
905
906 (((
907 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
908 )))
909
910 (((
911 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
912 )))
913
914 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
915
916
917 = 9. FAQ =
918
919 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
920
921 (((
922 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
923 )))
924
925 (((
926
927 )))
928
929 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
930
931 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
932
933
934 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
935
936 (((
937 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
938 )))
939
940 (((
941 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
942 )))
943
944
945 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
946
947 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
948
949
950 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
951
952 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
953
954 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
955
956 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
957
958 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
959
960 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
961
962 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
963
964 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
965
966 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
967
968 (((
969 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
970 )))
971
972 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
973
974
975 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
976
977 (((
978 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
979 )))
980
981 (((
982
983 )))
984
985 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
986
987 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
988
989 (((
990 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
991 )))
992
993 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
994
995
996 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
997
998 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
999
1000 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
1001 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1002 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1003
1004 As below photo:
1005
1006 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1007
1008 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1009
1010 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1011
1012
1013 = 11. Order Info =
1014
1015 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1016
1017 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1018
1019 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1020 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1021
1022 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1023
1024 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1025 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1026 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1027 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1028
1029 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1030
1031
1032 = 12. Packing Info =
1033
1034 (((
1035 **Package Includes**:
1036 )))
1037
1038 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1039 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1040 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1041
1042 (((
1043 **Dimension and weight**:
1044 )))
1045
1046 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1047 * Weight: 450g
1048 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
1049 * Weight: 2.5kg
1050
1051
1052 = 13. Support =
1053
1054 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1055 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1056 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1057 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]