Version 93.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/04 16:31
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1652409757234-446.png||height="399" width="399"]]
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8 **Table of Contents：**
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10 {{toc/}}
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22
23 = 1. Introduction =
24
25 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
26
27
28 (((
29 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
46
47
48 )))
49
50 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
51
52 == 1.2 Specifications ==
53
54 **Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 **Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
70 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
71 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
72 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
73 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
74
75 **WiFi Spec:**
76
77 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
78 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
79 * Tx power:
80 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
81 ** 11b tx power: 18db
82 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
83 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
84 * Wifi Sensitivity
85 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
86 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
87
88 **LoRa Spec:**
89
90 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
91 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
92 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
93 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
94 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
95 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
96 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
97 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
98
99 **Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
100
101 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
102 * Standard Size SIM Slot
103 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
104 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
105 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
106 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
107
108 **Power over Ethernet:**
109
110 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
111 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
112 * Thermal cut off.
113 * Short circuit protection.
114 * Over current protection
115 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
116 * Enhanced surge protection
117
118 == 1.3 Features ==
119
120 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
121 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
122 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
123 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
124 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
125 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
126 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
127 * Far seeing LED indicator
128 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
129 * External fiber glass antenna
130 * Auto-Provision
131 * Remote Monitoring
132 * 802.3af PoE
133 * IP65
134 * Lighting Protection
135 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
136
137 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
138
139 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
140
141 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
142
143 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
144
145 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
146
147 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
148
149
150 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
151
152 (((
153 (((
154 * (((
155 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
156 )))
157 )))
158
159 * (((
160 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
161 )))
162 * (((
163 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
164 )))
165 )))
166
167 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
168
169 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
170
171 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
172
173 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
174
175 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
176
177 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
178
179 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
180
181 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
182
183 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
184
185 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
186
187 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
188
189 (((
190 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
191 )))
192
193 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
194
195 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
196
197
198 (((
199 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
200 )))
201
202 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
203
204 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
205
206
207 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
208
209 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
210
211 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
212
213 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
214
215 **Web Interface**
216
217 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
218
219 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
220
221 or
222
223 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
224
225
226 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
227
228 The account details for Web Login are:
229
230 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
231
232 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
233
234 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
235
236 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
237
238 == 3.1 Overview ==
239
240 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
241
242 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
243 * **WiFi Client Mode**
244 * **WiFi AP Mode**
245 * **Cellular Mode**
246
247 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
248
249 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
250
251 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
252
253 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
254
255 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
256
257 (((
258 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
259 )))
260
261 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
262
263 (((
264 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
265 )))
266
267 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
268
269 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
270
271 (((
272 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
273 )))
274
275 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
276
277
278 (((
279 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
280 )))
281
282 (((
283 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
284 )))
285
286 (((
287 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
288 )))
289
290 (((
291 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
292 )))
293
294 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
295
296 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
297
298 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
299
300 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
301 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
302 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
303
304 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
305
306 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
307
308 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
309
310 (((
311 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
312 )))
313
314 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
315
316 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
317
318 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
319
320 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
321
322 (((
323 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
324 )))
325
326 (((
327 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
328 )))
329
330 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
331
332 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
333
334 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
335
336 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
337
338 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
339
340 (((
341 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
342 )))
343
344 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
345
346 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
347 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
348 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
349 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
350
351 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
352
353 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
354
355 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
356
357 Open the following page:
358
359 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
360
361 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
362
363 (((
364 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
365 )))
366
367 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
368
369 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
370
371 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
372
373 (((
374 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
375 )))
376
377 (((
378 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
379 )))
380
381 (((
382 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
383 )))
384
385 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
386
387 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
388
389 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
390
391 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
392
393 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
394
395 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
396
397 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
398
399 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
400
401 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
402
403
404 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
405
406 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
407
408 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
409
410 (((
411 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
412 )))
413
414 (((
415 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
416 )))
417
418 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
419
420 (((
421 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
422 )))
423
424 (((
425 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
426 )))
427
428 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
429 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
430 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
431
432 (((
433 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
434 )))
435
436 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
437
438 (((
439 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
440 )))
441
442 (((
443 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
444 )))
445
446 (((
447 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
448 )))
449
450 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
451
452 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
453
454 Start Register the end device
455
456 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
457
458 (((
459 Select OTAA activation mode
460 )))
461
462 (((
463 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
464 )))
465
466 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
467
468 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
469
470 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
471
472 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
473
474 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
475
476 (((
477 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
478 )))
479
480 (((
481 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
482 )))
483
484 (((
485 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
486 )))
487
488 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
489
490 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
491
492 == 5.1 Home ==
493
494 Shows the system running status.
495
496 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
497
498 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
499
500 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
501
502 (((
503 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
504 )))
505
506 (((
507 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
508 )))
509
510 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
511 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
512
513 (((
514 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
515 )))
516
517 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
518
519 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
520
521
522 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
523
524 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
525
526 * No internet connection.
527 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
528
529 (((
530 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
531 )))
532
533 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
534
535 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
536
537 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
538
539 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
540
541 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
542
543 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
544
545 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
546
547 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
548
549 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
550
551 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
552
553 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
554
555 (((
556 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
557 )))
558
559 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
560
561 (((
562 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
563 )))
564
565 (((
566 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
567 )))
568
569 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
570
571 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
572
573 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
574
575 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
576
577
578 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
579
580 == 5.5 System ==
581
582 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
583
584 Shows the system info:
585
586 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
587
588 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
589
590 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
591
592 (((
593 **__System Password:__**
594 )))
595
596 (((
597 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
598 )))
599
600 (((
601 This page can be used to set the password for them.
602 )))
603
604 (((
605 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
606 )))
607
608 (((
609 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
610 )))
611
612 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
613
614 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
615
616 (((
617 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
618 )))
619
620 (((
621 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
622 )))
623
624 (((
625 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
626
627
628 )))
629
630 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
631
632 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
633
634 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
635
636 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
637
638 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
639
640 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
641
642 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
643
644 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
645
646 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
647
648 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
649
650 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
651
652 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
653
654 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
655
656 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
657
658 Please see this document for detail:
659
660 (((
661 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
662 )))
663
664
665 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
666
667 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
668
669
670 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
671
672 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
673
674 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
675
676 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
677
678 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
679
680 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
681
682 (((
683 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
684 )))
685
686 (((
687 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
688 )))
689
690 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
691
692 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
693
694 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
695
696 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
697
698 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
699
700 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
701
702 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
703
704 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
705
706 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
707
708 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
709
710 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
711
712 (((
713
714 )))
715
716 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
717
718 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
719
720 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
721
722 == 5.6 LogRead ==
723
724 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
725
726
727 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
728
729 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
730
731
732 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
733
734 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
735
736 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
737
738
739 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
740
741 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
742
743
744 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
745
746 Show the system log
747
748 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
749
750 = 6. More features =
751
752 == 6.1 More instructions ==
753
754 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
755
756
757 = 7. Linux System =
758
759 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
760
761 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
762
763 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
764
765 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
766
767 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
768
769 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
770
771 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
772
773 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
774
775 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
776
777 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
778
779 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
780
781
782 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
783
784 (((
785 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
786 )))
787
788 (((
789 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
790 )))
791
792 (((
793 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
794 )))
795
796 (((
797 Screenshot is as below:
798 )))
799
800 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
801
802
803 == 7.3 File System ==
804
805 (((
806 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
807 )))
808
809 (((
810 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
811 )))
812
813 (((
814 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
815 )))
816
817
818 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
819
820 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
821
822 (((
823 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
824 )))
825
826 (((
827 **In Linux Console run:**
828 )))
829
830 (((
831 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
832 )))
833
834 (((
835 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
836 )))
837
838 (((
839 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
840 )))
841
842 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
843
844
845 (((
846 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
847 )))
848
849 (((
850 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
851 )))
852
853 (((
854 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
855 )))
856
857 (((
858 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
859 )))
860
861 (((
862 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
863 )))
864
865 (((
866 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
867 )))
868
869 (((
870 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
871 )))
872
873 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
874
875
876 = 9. FAQ =
877
878 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
879
880 (((
881 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
882 )))
883
884 (((
885
886 )))
887
888 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
889
890 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
891
892
893 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
894
895 (((
896 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
897 )))
898
899 (((
900 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
901 )))
902
903
904 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
905
906 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
907
908
909 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
910
911 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
912
913 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
914
915 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
916
917 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
918
919 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
920
921 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
922
923 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
924
925 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
926
927 (((
928 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
929 )))
930
931 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
932
933
934 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
935
936 (((
937 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
938 )))
939
940 (((
941
942 )))
943
944 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
945
946 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
947
948 (((
949 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
950 )))
951
952 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
953
954
955 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
956
957 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
958
959 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
960 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
961 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
962
963 As below photo:
964
965 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
966
967 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
968
969 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
970
971
972 = 11. Order Info =
973
974 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
975
976 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
977
978 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
979 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
980
981 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
982
983 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
984 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
985 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
986 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
987
988 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
989
990
991 = 12. Packing Info =
992
993 (((
994 **Package Includes**:
995 )))
996
997 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
998 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
999 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1000
1001 (((
1002 **Dimension and weight**:
1003 )))
1004
1005 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1006 * Weight: 187g
1007 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1008 * Weight: 300g
1009
1010 = 13. Support =
1011
1012 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1013 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1014 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1015 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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