LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

The LG308N is an open source (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN Pico Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.

28

)))

29

30

(((

31

The LG308N uses (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (%%)and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**SX1302 LoRa concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.

)))

(((

LG308N has (% style="color:blue" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:blue" %)**customized the frequency bands**(%%) to use in their own LoRa network.

)))

(((

LG308N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.

)))

)))

(((

)))

[[image:1657010949218-224.png]]

48

49

50

== 1.2 Specifications ==

51

52

53

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**

(((

Linux Part:

)))

* 400Mhz ar9331 processor

* 64MB RAM

* 16MB Flash

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**

64

65

* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 2

66

* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n

67

* LoRaWAN Wireless

68

* Power Input: 12 V DC, 2 A

69

* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)

70

* USB 2.0 host connector x 1

71

* Mini-PCI E connector x 1

72

* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250

73

74

(% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**

75

76

* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n

77

* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz

78

* Tx power:

79

** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db

80

** 11b tx power: 18db

81

** 11g 54M tx power: 12db

82

** 11g 6M tx power: 18db

* Wifi Sensitivity

** 11g 54M : -71dbm

** 11n 20M : -67dbm

(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**

88

89

* Up to -142.5 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end

90

* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset

91

* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB

92

* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator

93

* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces

94

* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths

95

* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation

96

* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation

97

98

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**

99

100

* Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]

101

* Standard Size SIM Slot

102

* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.

103

* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates

104

* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage

105

* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems

== 1.3 Features ==

* Open Source Linux system

113

* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi

114

* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators

115

* LoRaWAN Gateway

116

* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths

== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==

122

123

[[image:1657011152828-178.png]]

124

125

126

== 1.5 LG308N Applications ==

127

128

129

[[image:1657011208596-209.png]]

130

131

132

== 1.6 LED Indicators ==

133

134

LG308N has totally 6 LEDs, They are:

135

136

* **Power LED **[[image:image-20220705165446-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.

137

* **HEART LED **[[image:image-20220705165446-2.png||height="16" width="15"]] : No function yet.

138

* **SYS LED** [[image:image-20220705165446-3.png||height="16" width="15"]] : This** LED** will shows different colors on different state:

139

** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.

140

** (% style="color:red" %)**BLINKING**(%%)**:** a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:red" %)**BLINKING**(%%)** **for several seconds.

141

** (% style="color:red" %)**OFF**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.

142

143

* **ETH LED** [[image:image-20220705165446-5.png||height="15" width="17"]] [[image:image-20220705165446-5.png||height="15" width="17"]]: These two LEDs show the ETH interfaces connection status.

144

* **WiFi LED** [[image:image-20220705165446-6.png||height="15" width="15"]]** **: This LED shows the WiFi interface connection status.

145

146

(((

147

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Above LED indication are for firmware version > LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.3.1584002217-20200312-1639**

)))

(((

(((

)))

)))

= 2. Access and Configure LG308N =

158

159

The LG308N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.

160

161

162

== 2.1 Find IP address of LG308N ==

163

164

=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===

165

166

[[image:1657011715859-829.png]]

167

168

169

At the first boot of LG308N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(%%)with password:

170

171

(% style="color:red" %)Note: In latest version firmware, it has been password protected and the password is: dragino+dragino

172

173

[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]

(((

User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LG308N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1

)))

=== 2.1.2 Connect via WAN port with DHCP IP from router ===

183

184

[[image:1657011966663-484.png]]

185

186

(((

187

Alternatively, connect the LG308N** __WAN port__** to your router and LG308N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LG308N. You can also use this IP to connect.

)))

(((

)))

=== 2.1.3 Connect via LAN port with direct connection from PC ===

196

197

[[image:1657012061799-674.png]]

198

199

(((

200

The LG308N __**LAN port**__ is configured as DHCP router by default, user can connect the PC to LAN port and set PC to DHCP mode, it will get IP from LAN port and be able to access to the device. The default IP in LAN port is 10.130.1.1

)))

=== 2.1.4 Connect WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===

206

207

[[image:image-20220705171041-7.png]]

208

209

210

If the LG308N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LG308N.

=== 2.1.5 Connect via LAN port by fall back ip ===

215

216

The **LAN port** also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#fallback_ip]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router.

== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==

**Web Interface**

Open a browser on the PC and type the LG308N ip address (depends on your connect method)

225

226

[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)

or

http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]

231

232

233

You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.

234

235

The account details for Web Login are:

236

237

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**

238

239

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password: dragino**

240

241

[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]

242

243

244

= 3. Typical Network Setup =

== 3.1 Overview ==

(((

LG308N supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LG308N. The typical network set up includes:

250

)))

251

252

* **WAN Port Internet Mode**

253

* **WiFi Client Mode**

* **WiFi AP Mode**

* **Cellular Mode**

== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==

258

259

By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:

260

261

[[image:1657012559318-672.png]]

262

263

264

== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==

265

266

In the WiFi Client Mode, LG308N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.

267

268

(((

269

The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**

270

)))

271

272

[[image:1657012573321-862.png]]

273

274

(((

275

In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.

)))

== 3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==

281

282

If the LG308N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.

283

284

285

First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction

286

287

Second, Power off/ ON LG308N to let it detect the SIM card.

288

289

[[image:image-20220705171836-8.png]]

(((

)))

(((

The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**

)))

(((

While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.

)))

(((

[[image:image-20220705171919-9.png]]

)))

== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==

313

314

In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.

315

316

* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.

317

* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.

318

* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.

319

320

[[image:1657012821329-972.png]]

321

322

323

= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =

324

325

LG308N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.

326

327

(((

328

[[image:1657012860422-990.png]]

329

)))

330

331

This chapter describes how to use the LG308N to work with(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])

332

333

334

== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==

335

336

337

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**

338

339

(((

340

Every LG308N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:

)))

(((

[[image:1657013108723-531.png]]

)))

The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**

350

351

352

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**

353

354

[[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]

355

356

[[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]

357

358

359

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**

360

361

(((

362

[[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]

363

)))

364

365

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**

366

367

368

* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address:** (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network

369

* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network

370

* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network

371

* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**

372

373

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**

374

375

[[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]

376

377

Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.

378

379

Open the following page:

380

381

[[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]

382

383

384

[[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.

389

)))

390

391

After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.

392

393

[[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]

394

395

396

== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==

397

398

(((

399

You can now configure the LG308N to let it connect to TTN network V3.

)))

(((

Make sure your LG308N has a working Internet Connection first.

)))

(((

Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**

408

)))

409

410

[[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]

411

412

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.

413

414

415

In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.

416

417

[[image:1657014479765-850.png]]

418

419

420

In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.

421

422

[[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]

423

424

425

== 4.3 Configure frequency ==

426

427

We also need to set the frequency plan in LG308N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.

428

429

430

[[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]

431

432

433

In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.

434

435

[[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]

436

437

438

== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==

439

440

(((

441

This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.

)))

(((

We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.

446

)))

447

448

[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]

449

450

(((

451

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.

)))

(((

Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:

456

)))

457

458

* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.

459

* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.

460

* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.

(((

A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.

466

)))

467

468

[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]

(((

(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.

)))

(((

For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.

)))

(((

Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.

483

)))

484

485

[[image:1657014671459-433.png]]

486

487

488

Open the **Application **select** Add end device**

489

490

491

Start Register the end device

492

493

[[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]

494

495

(((

496

Select OTAA activation mode

)))

(((

The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.

503

)))

504

505

[[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]

506

507

First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.

508

509

510

[[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]

511

512

Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.

513

514

515

[[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]

516

517

(((

518

Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.

529

)))

530

531

[[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]

532

533

534

= 5. Web Configure Pages =

== 5.1 Home ==

Shows the system running status.

539

540

[[image:1657014949846-507.png]]

541

542

543

== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==

544

545

=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===

546

547

(((

548

This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.

)))

(((

Different LG308N hardware version can support different frequency range:

553

)))

554

555

* (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.

556

* (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920

557

558

(((

559

After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**

560

)))

561

562

[[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]

563

564

Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**

565

566

567

=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===

568

569

The LG308N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:

570

571

* No internet connection.

572

* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).

(((

Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**

578

)))

579

580

[[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]

581

582

583

== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==

584

585

=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===

586

587

This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc

588

589

[[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]

590

591

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**

592

593

~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.

594

595

~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:

596

597

**See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**

=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===

602

603

[[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]

(((

Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**

)))

=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===

614

615

(((

616

Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]

)))

(((

Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**

621

)))

622

623

[[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]

624

625

626

== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==

627

628

If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LG308N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,

629

630

Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**

631

632

633

[[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]

== 5.5 System ==

=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===

640

641

Shows the system info:

642

643

[[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]

=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===

648

649

[[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]

650

651

(((

652

**__System Password:__**

)))

(((

There are two login for DLOS8: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.

)))

(((

This page can be used to set the password for them.

)))

(((

**__Timezone: __**Set device timezone.

)))

(((

**__Port forwarding: __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.

)))

=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===

675

676

[[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]

677

678

(((

679

**__LAN Settings: __**When the LG308N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LG308N's own network.

)))

(((

__**WAN Settings: **__Setting for LG308N WAN port

)))

(((

__**WiFi Settings: **__Setting for LG308N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client

)))

=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===

693

694

LG308N WiFi Settings.

695

696

[[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]

=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===

701

702

While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.

703

704

[[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]

705

706

(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LG308N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.

=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===

711

712

[[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]

=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===

717

718

Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:

719

720

[[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]

721

722

[[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]

723

724

[[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]

725

726

Please see this document for detail:

727

728

[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]

(((

)))

R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**

736

737

[[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]

=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===

742

743

We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.

744

745

* **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],

746

747

( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )

748

749

750

* **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].

751

752

( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )

(((

The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.

)))

(((

(% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**

761

)))

762

763

[[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]

764

765

766

Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.

767

768

(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.

769

770

The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.

771

772

[[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]

773

774

(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console

775

776

SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run

777

778

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**

779

780

781

(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.

=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===

786

787

[[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]

(((

)))

=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===

796

797

[[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]

798

799

Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.

== 5.6 LogRead ==

=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===

806

807

Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.

808

809

[[image:1657069890320-513.png]]

=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===

Show the system log

[[image:1657069922599-794.png]]

= 6. More features =

== 6.1 More instructions ==

825

826

[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)

= 7. Linux System =

The LG308N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.

833

834

835

== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==

836

837

User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LG308N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.

838

839

IP address: IP address of LG308N

840

841

Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)

842

843

User Name: (% style="color:green" %)**root**

844

845

Password: (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)

846

847

848

After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.

849

850

[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]

851

852

853

The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.

854

855

[[image:1657070133275-283.png]]

== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==

860

861

(((

862

The LG308N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.

)))

(((

In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.

)))

(((

After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LG308N, or edit the files directly in the windows.

)))

(((

Screenshot is as below:

875

)))

876

877

[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]

878

879

880

== 7.3 File System ==

(((

(((

The LG308N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directory are in the RAM, contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after reboot the device. Other directories are in the flash and will keep after reboot.

)))

(((

The Linux system use around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LG308N flash. User can use an external USB flash to extend the size for storage.

)))

)))

== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==

896

897

LG308N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.

898

899

(((

900

Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])

)))

(((

**In Linux Console run:**

)))

(((

(% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list

)))

(((

(% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list** (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages

)))

(((

(% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf

917

)))

918

919

The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//

)))

= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =

= 9. FAQ =

== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==

960

961

(((

962

See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**

)))

(((

)))

== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==

970

971

Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**

972

973

974

== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==

975

976

(((

977

Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LG308N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.

)))

(((

The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]

)))

== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==

986

987

It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.

988

989

990

== 9.5 Can I control the LEDs? ==

991

992

Except the PWR LED is controlled by +3v3 power directly. All other LEDs can be controlled by developer.

993

994

995

(% style="color:blue" %)**Control Globe LED:**

996

997

ON: echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/dragino2\:red\:wlan/brightness

998

999

OFF: echo 0 > /sys/class/leds/dragino2\:red\:wlan/brightness

1000

1001

1002

(% style="color:blue" %)**Control HEART LED:**

1003

1004

First export the gpio27 and set to out

1005

1006

echo 27 > /sys/class/gpio/export

1007

1008

echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio27/direction

1009

1010

ON: echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio27/value

1011

1012

OFF: echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio27/value

= 10. Trouble Shooting =

1017

1018

== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==

1019

1020

In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:

1021

1022

(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk

1023

1024

(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…

1025

1026

(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:

1027

1028

(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:

1029

1030

(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *

1031

1032

(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.

1033

1034

(((

1035

In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.

1036

)))

1037

1038

(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends

== 10.2 How to recover the LG308N if the firmware crashes ==

1043

1044

(((

1045

Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**

)))

(((

)))

== 10.3 I configured LG308N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==

1053

1054

[[image:1657071488240-907.png]]

1055

1056

(((

1057

The LG308N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LG308N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.

1058

)))

1059

1060

(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.

1061

1062

1063

Steps to connect via fall back IP:

1064

1065

~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's LAN port

1066

1067

2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252

As below photo:

[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]

1072

1073

3. In PC, use 172.31.255.254 to access LG308N via Web or Console.

= 11. Order Info =

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **

1081

1082

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//XXX: Frequency Band//**

1083

1084

* (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.

1085

* (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920

1086

1087

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)

1088

1089

(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**

1090

1091

* (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.

1092

* (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.

1093

* (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan

1094

* (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI

1095

1096

More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].

= 12. Packing Info =

(((

**Package Includes**:

1105

1106

* LG308N or LG08 LoRa Gateway x 1

1107

* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 433 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered

1108

* Power Adapter: EU/AU/US type power adapter depends on country to be used

1109

* Packaging with environmental protection paper box

)))

(((

**Dimension and weight**:

1116

)))

1117

1118

* Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm

1119

* Weight: 450g

1120

* Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm

* Weight: 2.5kg

= 13. Support =

* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].

1128

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.

1129

Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.

1130

* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Applications

Navigation