Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 115.9 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/05 17:30

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
95.2	2	[[image:1657010676286-732.png\|\|height="452" width="452"]]
50.3	3
	4
	5
	6
74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
	9
	10
	11
	12
81.1	13
93.2	14
	15
	16
	17
	18
	19
98.2	20	= 1. Introduction =
50.3	21
98.2	22	== 1.1 What is the LG308N ==
50.3	23
93.2	24
75.2	25	(((
95.2	26	(((
96.2	27	The LG308N is an open source (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN Pico Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
75.2	28	)))
50.3	29
75.2	30	(((
96.2	31	The LG308N uses (% style="color:blue" %)Semtech packet forwarder (%%)and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:blue" %)SX1302 LoRa concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
75.2	32	)))
50.3	33
75.2	34	(((
96.2	35	LG308N has (% style="color:blue" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:blue" %)customized the frequency bands(%%) to use in their own LoRa network.
75.2	36	)))
50.3	37
75.2	38	(((
95.2	39	LG308N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
75.2	40	)))
95.2	41	)))
50.3	42
75.2	43	(((
93.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
96.2	47	[[image:1657010949218-224.png]]
50.3	48
93.4	49
98.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
93.4	52
50.3	53	Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
	63	Interface:
	64
96.2	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 2
50.3	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
96.2	68	* Power Input: 12 V DC, 2 A
50.3	69	* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)
	70	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	71	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	72	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	73
	74	WiFi Spec:
	75
	76	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	77	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	78	* Tx power:
	79	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	80	** 11b tx power: 18db
	81	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	82	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	83	* Wifi Sensitivity
	84	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	85	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	86
	87	LoRa Spec:
	88
96.2	89	* Up to -142.5 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
50.3	90	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	91	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	92	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	93	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	94	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	95	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	96	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	97
	98	Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	99
	100	* Quectel: [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	101	* Standard Size SIM Slot
	102	* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
	103	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	104	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	105	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	106
98.2	107	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	108
96.3	109
	110	* Open Source Linux system
50.3	111	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
96.3	112	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	113	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	114	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
50.3	115
98.2	116	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	117
98.2	118	[[image:1657011152828-178.png]]
50.3	119
93.4	120
98.2	121	== 1.5 LG308N Applications ==
50.3	122
98.3	123
98.2	124	[[image:1657011208596-209.png]]
50.3	125
93.4	126
98.3	127	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
50.3	128
98.3	129	LG308N has totally 6 LEDs, They are:
	130
104.3	131	* Power LED [[image:image-20220705165446-1.png\|\|height="21" width="22"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	132	* HEART LED [[image:image-20220705165446-2.png\|\|height="19" width="18"]] : No function yet.
104.4	133	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220705165446-3.png\|\|height="20" width="19"]] : This LED will shows different colors on different state:
	134	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
104.3	135	(% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%) **for several seconds.
104.4	136	(% style="color:red" %)OFF**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	137
104.2	138	* ETH LED[[image:image-20220705165446-4.png\|\|height="19" width="22"]] [[image:image-20220705165446-5.png\|\|height="18" width="20"]] : These two LEDs show the ETH interfaces connection status.
104.4	139	* WiFi LED [[image:image-20220705165446-6.png\|\|height="19" width="19"]] : This LED shows the WiFi interface connection status.
50.3	140
104.3	141	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Above LED indication are for firmware version > LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.3.1584002217-20200312-1639
104.2	142
	143
50.3	144	(((
	145	(((
93.4	146
50.3	147	)))
	148	)))
	149
105.2	150	= 2. Access and Configure LG308N =
50.3	151
104.4	152	The LG308N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
50.3	153
93.4	154
105.2	155	== 2.1 Find IP address of LG308N ==
50.3	156
105.2	157	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	158
105.2	159	[[image:1657011715859-829.png]]
50.3	160
	161
105.3	162	At the first boot of LG308N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(%%)with password:
	163
	164	(% style="color:red" %)Note: In latest version firmware, it has been password protected and the password is: dragino+dragino
	165
73.5	166	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	167
	168
75.3	169	(((
105.3	170	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LG308N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
93.4	171
	172
75.3	173	)))
50.3	174
107.2	175	=== 2.1.2 Connect via WAN port with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	176
106.2	177	[[image:1657011966663-484.png]]
50.3	178
106.2	179	(((
	180	Alternatively, connect the LG308N __WAN port__ to your router and LG308N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LG308N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	181	)))
50.3	182
106.2	183
77.2	184	(((
93.4	185
77.2	186	)))
50.3	187
107.2	188	=== 2.1.3 Connect via LAN port with direct connection from PC ===
50.3	189
107.2	190	[[image:1657012061799-674.png]]
50.3	191
108.2	192	(((
107.2	193	The LG308N __LAN port__ is configured as DHCP router by default, user can connect the PC to LAN port and set PC to DHCP mode, it will get IP from LAN port and be able to access to the device. The default IP in LAN port is 10.130.1.1
108.2	194	)))
50.3	195
	196
93.4	197
108.2	198	=== 2.1.4 Connect WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	199
108.2	200	[[image:image-20220705171041-7.png]]
50.3	201
93.4	202
108.2	203	If the LG308N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LG308N.
	204
	205
	206
	207	=== 2.1.5 Connect via LAN port by fall back ip ===
	208
	209	The LAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#fallback_ip]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router.
	210
	211
	212
115.4	213	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
50.3	214
	215	Web Interface
	216
108.2	217	Open a browser on the PC and type the LG308N ip address (depends on your connect method)
50.3	218
	219	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	220
	221	or
	222
	223	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	224
	225
	226	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	227
	228	The account details for Web Login are:
	229
	230	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	231
	232	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	233
73.5	234	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	235
108.2	236
108.3	237	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
50.3	238
108.3	239	== 3.1 Overview ==
50.3	240
108.3	241	(((
	242	LG308N supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LG308N. The typical network set up includes:
	243	)))
50.3	244
108.3	245
50.3	246	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	247	* WiFi Client Mode
	248	* WiFi AP Mode
	249	* Cellular Mode
	250
108.3	251
	252
108.4	253	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
50.3	254
	255	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	256
110.2	257	[[image:1657012559318-672.png]]
50.3	258
93.3	259
50.3	260	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	261
108.4	262	In the WiFi Client Mode, LG308N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
50.3	263
77.2	264	(((
50.3	265	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	266	)))
50.3	267
110.2	268	[[image:1657012573321-862.png]]
50.3	269
77.2	270	(((
50.3	271	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
93.3	272
	273
77.2	274	)))
50.3	275
111.2	276	== 3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
50.3	277
111.2	278	If the LG308N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
50.3	279
	280
111.2	281	First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
50.3	282
111.2	283	Second, Power off/ ON LG308N to let it detect the SIM card.
50.3	284
111.2	285	[[image:image-20220705171836-8.png]]
	286
	287
	288
80.2	289	(((
111.2	290
80.2	291	)))
50.3	292
77.2	293	(((
50.3	294	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	295	)))
50.3	296
77.2	297	(((
50.3	298	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
112.2	299
	300
77.2	301	)))
50.3	302
80.2	303	(((
112.2	304	[[image:image-20220705171919-9.png]]
80.2	305	)))
50.3	306
	307
113.2	308	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
93.3	309
50.3	310	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	311
78.2	312	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
113.2	313	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
	314	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
50.3	315
113.2	316	[[image:1657012821329-972.png]]
50.3	317
93.3	318
114.3	319	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
50.3	320
114.2	321	LG308N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
50.3	322
80.4	323	(((
114.2	324	[[image:1657012860422-990.png]]
80.4	325	)))
50.3	326
115.3	327	This chapter describes how to use the LG308N to work with(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	328
	329
114.3	330	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
50.3	331
114.3	332
50.3	333	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	334
78.3	335	(((
115.2	336	Every LG308N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	337	)))
50.3	338
80.4	339	(((
115.2	340	[[image:1657013108723-531.png]]
115.4	341
	342
80.4	343	)))
50.3	344
115.4	345	The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)a840411e96744154
50.3	346
115.5	347
50.3	348	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	349
	350	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	351
73.5	352	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	353
115.6	354
50.3	355	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	356
80.4	357	(((
73.5	358	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	359	)))
50.3	360
	361	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	362
115.6	363	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	364	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	365	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	366	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
50.3	367
115.6	368
	369
50.3	370	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	371
73.5	372	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	373
	374	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	375
	376	Open the following page:
	377
73.5	378	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	379
115.7	380
73.5	381	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	382
115.7	383
80.4	384	(((
50.3	385	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	386	)))
50.3	387
	388	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	389
73.5	390	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	391
93.3	392
115.8	393	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
50.3	394
80.4	395	(((
115.9	396	You can now configure the LG308N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	397	)))
50.3	398
80.4	399	(((
115.9	400	Make sure your LG308N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	401	)))
50.3	402
80.4	403	(((
50.3	404	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	405	)))
50.3	406
73.5	407	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	408
	409	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	410
	411	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	412
73.5	413	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	414
	415	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	416
73.5	417	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	418
93.3	419
50.3	420	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	421
	422	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	423
73.5	424	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	425
	426
	427	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	428
73.5	429	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	430
93.3	431
78.3	432	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	433
78.3	434	(((
50.3	435	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	436	)))
50.3	437
78.3	438	(((
50.3	439	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	440	)))
50.3	441
73.5	442	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	443
78.3	444	(((
50.3	445	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	446	)))
50.3	447
78.3	448	(((
50.3	449	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	450	)))
50.3	451
	452	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	453	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	454	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	455
78.3	456	(((
50.3	457	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	458	)))
50.3	459
73.5	460	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	461
78.3	462	(((
50.3	463	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	464	)))
50.3	465
78.3	466	(((
50.3	467	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	468	)))
50.3	469
78.3	470	(((
50.3	471	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	472	)))
50.3	473
73.5	474	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	475
	476	Open the Application select Add end device
	477
	478	Start Register the end device
	479
73.5	480	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	481
78.3	482	(((
50.3	483	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	484	)))
50.3	485
78.3	486	(((
50.3	487	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	488	)))
50.3	489
73.5	490	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	491
	492	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	493
73.5	494	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	495
	496	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	497
73.5	498	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	499
78.3	500	(((
50.3	501	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	502	)))
50.3	503
78.3	504	(((
50.3	505	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	506	)))
50.3	507
78.3	508	(((
50.3	509	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	510	)))
50.3	511
73.5	512	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	513
93.3	514
50.3	515	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	516
	517	== 5.1 Home ==
	518
	519	Shows the system running status.
	520
73.5	521	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	522
93.3	523
50.3	524	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	525
	526	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	527
78.4	528	(((
50.3	529	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	530	)))
50.3	531
78.4	532	(((
50.3	533	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	534	)))
50.3	535
	536	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	537	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	538
78.4	539	(((
50.3	540	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	541	)))
50.3	542
73.5	543	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	544
80.10	545	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	546
	547
	548	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	549
	550	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	551
	552	* No internet connection.
80.9	553	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	554
78.4	555	(((
80.10	556	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	557	)))
50.3	558
73.5	559	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	560
93.3	561
50.3	562	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	563
	564	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	565
	566	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	567
73.5	568	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	569
	570	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	571
	572	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	573
	574	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	575
80.10	576	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	577
93.3	578
50.3	579	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	580
73.5	581	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	582
93.3	583
78.4	584	(((
80.10	585	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
93.3	586
	587
78.4	588	)))
50.3	589
	590	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	591
78.4	592	(((
50.3	593	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	594	)))
50.3	595
78.4	596	(((
80.10	597	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	598	)))
50.3	599
73.5	600	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	601
93.3	602
50.3	603	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	604
	605	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	606
80.10	607	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	608
	609
73.5	610	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	611
93.3	612
50.3	613	== 5.5 System ==
	614
	615	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	616
	617	Shows the system info:
	618
73.5	619	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	620
93.3	621
50.3	622	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	623
73.5	624	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	625
78.5	626	(((
54.2	627	__System Password:__
78.5	628	)))
50.3	629
78.5	630	(((
54.2	631	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	632	)))
50.3	633
78.5	634	(((
50.3	635	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	636	)))
50.3	637
54.2	638	(((
78.5	639	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	640	)))
50.3	641
54.2	642	(((
78.5	643	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
93.3	644
	645
78.5	646	)))
50.3	647
54.2	648	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	649
73.5	650	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	651
78.5	652	(((
	653	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	654	)))
50.3	655
54.2	656	(((
78.5	657	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	658	)))
50.3	659
54.2	660	(((
78.5	661	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	662
	663
54.2	664	)))
50.3	665
54.2	666	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	667
	668	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	669
73.5	670	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	671
93.3	672
54.2	673	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	674
	675	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	676
73.5	677	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	678
54.2	679	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	680
93.3	681
59.2	682	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	683
73.5	684	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	685
93.3	686
59.2	687	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	688
	689	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	690
73.5	691	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	692
73.5	693	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	694
73.5	695	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	696
	697	Please see this document for detail:
	698
80.4	699	(((
50.3	700	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	701	)))
50.3	702
	703
80.10	704	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	705
73.5	706	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	707
80.10	708
66.2	709	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	710
	711	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	712
	713	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	714
	715	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	716
	717	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	718
	719	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	720
78.5	721	(((
66.2	722	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	723	)))
50.3	724
78.5	725	(((
66.2	726	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	727	)))
50.3	728
73.5	729	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	730
	731	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	732
66.2	733	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	734
	735	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	736
73.5	737	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	738
66.2	739	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	740
66.2	741	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	742
66.2	743	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	744
66.2	745	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	746
93.3	747
66.2	748	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	749
73.5	750	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	751
73.7	752	(((
	753
	754	)))
50.3	755
66.2	756	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	757
73.5	758	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	759
	760	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	761
93.3	762
66.2	763	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	764
66.2	765	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	766
	767
	768	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	769
91.1	770	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	771
	772
	773	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	774
93.1	775	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	776
93.1	777	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	778
93.1	779
91.1	780	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	781
	782	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	783
	784
66.2	785	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	786
	787	Show the system log
	788
73.5	789	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	790
66.2	791	= 6. More features =
50.3	792
66.2	793	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	794
80.12	795	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	796
80.12	797
66.2	798	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	799
	800	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	801
93.3	802
66.2	803	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	804
	805	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	806
	807	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	808
	809	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	810
71.2	811	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	812
71.2	813	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	814
	815	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	816
73.5	817	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	818
71.2	819	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	820
73.5	821	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	822
80.13	823
67.3	824	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	825
78.5	826	(((
71.2	827	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	828	)))
50.3	829
78.5	830	(((
50.3	831	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	832	)))
50.3	833
78.5	834	(((
50.3	835	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	836	)))
50.3	837
78.5	838	(((
50.3	839	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	840	)))
50.3	841
73.5	842	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	843
	844
71.3	845	== 7.3 File System ==
	846
78.6	847	(((
50.3	848	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	849	)))
50.3	850
78.6	851	(((
50.3	852	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	853	)))
50.3	854
78.6	855	(((
50.3	856	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	857	)))
50.3	858
71.6	859
71.3	860	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	861
71.3	862	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	863
78.6	864	(((
71.3	865	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	866	)))
50.3	867
78.6	868	(((
71.6	869	In Linux Console run:
78.6	870	)))
50.3	871
71.6	872	(((
71.7	873	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	874	)))
50.3	875
71.6	876	(((
	877	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	878	)))
50.3	879
71.6	880	(((
	881	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	882	)))
50.3	883
	884	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	885
	886
71.6	887	(((
71.7	888	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	889	)))
50.3	890
71.6	891	(((
71.7	892	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	893	)))
50.3	894
71.6	895	(((
73.3	896	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	897	)))
50.3	898
71.6	899	(((
71.7	900	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	901	)))
50.3	902
71.6	903	(((
73.3	904	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	905	)))
50.3	906
71.6	907	(((
71.7	908	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	909	)))
50.3	910
71.6	911	(((
71.7	912	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	913	)))
50.3	914
73.2	915	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	916
71.7	917
73.2	918	= 9. FAQ =
	919
71.6	920	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	921
78.6	922	(((
80.10	923	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	924	)))
50.3	925
78.6	926	(((
80.10	927
78.6	928	)))
50.3	929
71.6	930	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	931
80.10	932	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	933
73.2	934
71.6	935	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	936
78.6	937	(((
50.3	938	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	939	)))
50.3	940
78.6	941	(((
50.3	942	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	943	)))
50.3	944
73.2	945
71.6	946	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	947
	948	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	949
71.7	950
73.2	951	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	952
71.6	953	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	954
	955	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	956
73.3	957	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	958
73.5	959	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	960
73.3	961	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	962
73.3	963	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	964
73.3	965	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	966
73.3	967	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	968
78.6	969	(((
50.3	970	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	971	)))
50.3	972
73.3	973	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	974
73.2	975
71.6	976	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	977
78.6	978	(((
80.11	979	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	980	)))
50.3	981
78.6	982	(((
80.11	983
78.6	984	)))
50.3	985
71.6	986	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	987
73.5	988	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	989
78.6	990	(((
50.3	991	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	992	)))
50.3	993
73.5	994	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	995
	996
	997	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	998
73.2	999	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	1000
	1001	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	1002	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	1003	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	1004
	1005	As below photo:
	1006
73.5	1007	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	1008
73.2	1009	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	1010
	1011	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	1012
73.5	1013
71.7	1014	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	1015
73.6	1016	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	1017
73.6	1018	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	1019
73.6	1020	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	1021	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	1022
73.6	1023	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	1024
73.6	1025	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	1026	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	1027	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	1028	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	1029
	1030	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	1031
73.6	1032
71.7	1033	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	1034
78.6	1035	(((
50.3	1036	Package Includes:
78.6	1037	)))
50.3	1038
	1039	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1040	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1041	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1042
78.6	1043	(((
50.3	1044	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1045	)))
50.3	1046
93.3	1047	* Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
	1048	* Weight: 450g
	1049	* Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
	1050	* Weight: 2.5kg
50.3	1051
71.7	1052	= 13. Support =
50.3	1053
80.15	1054	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1055	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1056	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1057	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Applications

Navigation