Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 114.3 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/05 17:23

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
95.2	2	[[image:1657010676286-732.png\|\|height="452" width="452"]]
50.3	3
	4
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	6
74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
	9
	10
	11
	12
81.1	13
93.2	14
	15
	16
	17
	18
	19
98.2	20	= 1. Introduction =
50.3	21
98.2	22	== 1.1 What is the LG308N ==
50.3	23
93.2	24
75.2	25	(((
95.2	26	(((
96.2	27	The LG308N is an open source (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN Pico Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
75.2	28	)))
50.3	29
75.2	30	(((
96.2	31	The LG308N uses (% style="color:blue" %)Semtech packet forwarder (%%)and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:blue" %)SX1302 LoRa concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
75.2	32	)))
50.3	33
75.2	34	(((
96.2	35	LG308N has (% style="color:blue" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:blue" %)customized the frequency bands(%%) to use in their own LoRa network.
75.2	36	)))
50.3	37
75.2	38	(((
95.2	39	LG308N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
75.2	40	)))
95.2	41	)))
50.3	42
75.2	43	(((
93.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
96.2	47	[[image:1657010949218-224.png]]
50.3	48
93.4	49
98.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
93.4	52
50.3	53	Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
	63	Interface:
	64
96.2	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 2
50.3	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
96.2	68	* Power Input: 12 V DC, 2 A
50.3	69	* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)
	70	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	71	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	72	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	73
	74	WiFi Spec:
	75
	76	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	77	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	78	* Tx power:
	79	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	80	** 11b tx power: 18db
	81	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	82	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	83	* Wifi Sensitivity
	84	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	85	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	86
	87	LoRa Spec:
	88
96.2	89	* Up to -142.5 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
50.3	90	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	91	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	92	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	93	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	94	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	95	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	96	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	97
	98	Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	99
	100	* Quectel: [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	101	* Standard Size SIM Slot
	102	* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
	103	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	104	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	105	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	106
98.2	107	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	108
96.3	109
	110	* Open Source Linux system
50.3	111	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
96.3	112	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	113	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	114	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
50.3	115
93.4	116
98.2	117	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	118
98.2	119	[[image:1657011152828-178.png]]
50.3	120
93.4	121
98.2	122	== 1.5 LG308N Applications ==
50.3	123
98.3	124
98.2	125	[[image:1657011208596-209.png]]
50.3	126
93.4	127
98.3	128	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
50.3	129
98.3	130	LG308N has totally 6 LEDs, They are:
	131
104.3	132	* Power LED [[image:image-20220705165446-1.png\|\|height="21" width="22"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	133	* HEART LED [[image:image-20220705165446-2.png\|\|height="19" width="18"]] : No function yet.
104.4	134	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220705165446-3.png\|\|height="20" width="19"]] : This LED will shows different colors on different state:
	135	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
104.3	136	(% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%) **for several seconds.
104.4	137	(% style="color:red" %)OFF**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	138
104.2	139	* ETH LED[[image:image-20220705165446-4.png\|\|height="19" width="22"]] [[image:image-20220705165446-5.png\|\|height="18" width="20"]] : These two LEDs show the ETH interfaces connection status.
104.4	140	* WiFi LED [[image:image-20220705165446-6.png\|\|height="19" width="19"]] : This LED shows the WiFi interface connection status.
50.3	141
104.3	142	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Above LED indication are for firmware version > LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.3.1584002217-20200312-1639
104.2	143
	144
50.3	145	(((
	146	(((
93.4	147
50.3	148	)))
	149	)))
	150
105.2	151	= 2. Access and Configure LG308N =
50.3	152
104.4	153	The LG308N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
50.3	154
93.4	155
105.2	156	== 2.1 Find IP address of LG308N ==
50.3	157
105.2	158	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	159
105.2	160	[[image:1657011715859-829.png]]
50.3	161
	162
105.3	163	At the first boot of LG308N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(%%)with password:
	164
	165	(% style="color:red" %)Note: In latest version firmware, it has been password protected and the password is: dragino+dragino
	166
73.5	167	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	168
	169
75.3	170	(((
105.3	171	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LG308N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
93.4	172
	173
75.3	174	)))
50.3	175
107.2	176	=== 2.1.2 Connect via WAN port with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	177
106.2	178	[[image:1657011966663-484.png]]
50.3	179
106.2	180	(((
	181	Alternatively, connect the LG308N __WAN port__ to your router and LG308N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LG308N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	182	)))
50.3	183
106.2	184
77.2	185	(((
93.4	186
77.2	187	)))
50.3	188
107.2	189	=== 2.1.3 Connect via LAN port with direct connection from PC ===
50.3	190
107.2	191	[[image:1657012061799-674.png]]
50.3	192
108.2	193	(((
107.2	194	The LG308N __LAN port__ is configured as DHCP router by default, user can connect the PC to LAN port and set PC to DHCP mode, it will get IP from LAN port and be able to access to the device. The default IP in LAN port is 10.130.1.1
108.2	195	)))
50.3	196
	197
93.4	198
108.2	199	=== 2.1.4 Connect WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	200
108.2	201	[[image:image-20220705171041-7.png]]
50.3	202
93.4	203
108.2	204	If the LG308N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LG308N.
	205
	206
	207
	208	=== 2.1.5 Connect via LAN port by fall back ip ===
	209
	210	The LAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#fallback_ip]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router.
	211
	212
	213
50.3	214	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	215
	216	Web Interface
	217
108.2	218	Open a browser on the PC and type the LG308N ip address (depends on your connect method)
50.3	219
	220	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	221
	222	or
	223
	224	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	225
	226
	227	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	228
	229	The account details for Web Login are:
	230
	231	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	232
	233	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	234
73.5	235	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	236
108.2	237
108.3	238	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
50.3	239
108.3	240	== 3.1 Overview ==
50.3	241
108.3	242	(((
	243	LG308N supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LG308N. The typical network set up includes:
	244	)))
50.3	245
108.3	246
50.3	247	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	248	* WiFi Client Mode
	249	* WiFi AP Mode
	250	* Cellular Mode
	251
108.3	252
	253
	254
108.4	255	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
50.3	256
	257	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	258
110.2	259	[[image:1657012559318-672.png]]
50.3	260
93.3	261
50.3	262	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	263
108.4	264	In the WiFi Client Mode, LG308N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
50.3	265
77.2	266	(((
50.3	267	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	268	)))
50.3	269
110.2	270	[[image:1657012573321-862.png]]
50.3	271
77.2	272	(((
50.3	273	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
93.3	274
	275
77.2	276	)))
50.3	277
111.2	278	== 3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
50.3	279
111.2	280	If the LG308N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
50.3	281
	282
111.2	283	First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
50.3	284
111.2	285	Second, Power off/ ON LG308N to let it detect the SIM card.
50.3	286
111.2	287	[[image:image-20220705171836-8.png]]
	288
	289
	290
80.2	291	(((
111.2	292
80.2	293	)))
50.3	294
77.2	295	(((
50.3	296	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	297	)))
50.3	298
77.2	299	(((
50.3	300	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
112.2	301
	302
77.2	303	)))
50.3	304
80.2	305	(((
112.2	306	[[image:image-20220705171919-9.png]]
80.2	307	)))
50.3	308
	309
113.2	310	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
93.3	311
50.3	312	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	313
78.2	314	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
113.2	315	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
	316	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
50.3	317
113.2	318	[[image:1657012821329-972.png]]
50.3	319
93.3	320
114.3	321	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
50.3	322
114.2	323	LG308N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
50.3	324
80.4	325	(((
114.2	326	[[image:1657012860422-990.png]]
80.4	327	)))
50.3	328
	329	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	330
80.9	331	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	332
93.3	333
114.3	334	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
50.3	335
114.3	336
50.3	337	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	338
78.3	339	(((
50.3	340	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	341	)))
50.3	342
80.4	343	(((
73.5	344	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	345	)))
50.3	346
80.4	347	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	348
	349	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	350
	351	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	352
73.5	353	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	354
	355	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	356
80.4	357	(((
73.5	358	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	359	)))
50.3	360
	361	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	362
	363	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	364	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	365	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	366	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	367
	368	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	369
73.5	370	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	371
	372	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	373
	374	Open the following page:
	375
73.5	376	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	377
73.5	378	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	379
80.4	380	(((
50.3	381	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	382	)))
50.3	383
	384	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	385
73.5	386	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	387
93.3	388
50.3	389	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	390
80.4	391	(((
50.3	392	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	393	)))
50.3	394
80.4	395	(((
50.3	396	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	397	)))
50.3	398
80.4	399	(((
50.3	400	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	401	)))
50.3	402
73.5	403	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	404
	405	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	406
	407	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	408
73.5	409	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	410
	411	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	412
73.5	413	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	414
93.3	415
50.3	416	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	417
	418	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	419
73.5	420	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	421
	422
	423	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	424
73.5	425	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	426
93.3	427
78.3	428	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	429
78.3	430	(((
50.3	431	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	432	)))
50.3	433
78.3	434	(((
50.3	435	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	436	)))
50.3	437
73.5	438	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	439
78.3	440	(((
50.3	441	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	442	)))
50.3	443
78.3	444	(((
50.3	445	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	446	)))
50.3	447
	448	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	449	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	450	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	451
78.3	452	(((
50.3	453	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	454	)))
50.3	455
73.5	456	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	457
78.3	458	(((
50.3	459	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	460	)))
50.3	461
78.3	462	(((
50.3	463	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	464	)))
50.3	465
78.3	466	(((
50.3	467	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	468	)))
50.3	469
73.5	470	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	471
	472	Open the Application select Add end device
	473
	474	Start Register the end device
	475
73.5	476	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	477
78.3	478	(((
50.3	479	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	480	)))
50.3	481
78.3	482	(((
50.3	483	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	484	)))
50.3	485
73.5	486	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	487
	488	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	489
73.5	490	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	491
	492	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	493
73.5	494	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	495
78.3	496	(((
50.3	497	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	498	)))
50.3	499
78.3	500	(((
50.3	501	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	502	)))
50.3	503
78.3	504	(((
50.3	505	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	506	)))
50.3	507
73.5	508	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	509
93.3	510
50.3	511	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	512
	513	== 5.1 Home ==
	514
	515	Shows the system running status.
	516
73.5	517	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	518
93.3	519
50.3	520	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	521
	522	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	523
78.4	524	(((
50.3	525	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	526	)))
50.3	527
78.4	528	(((
50.3	529	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	530	)))
50.3	531
	532	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	533	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	534
78.4	535	(((
50.3	536	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	537	)))
50.3	538
73.5	539	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	540
80.10	541	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	542
	543
	544	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	545
	546	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	547
	548	* No internet connection.
80.9	549	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	550
78.4	551	(((
80.10	552	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	553	)))
50.3	554
73.5	555	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	556
93.3	557
50.3	558	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	559
	560	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	561
	562	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	563
73.5	564	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	565
	566	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	567
	568	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	569
	570	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	571
80.10	572	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	573
93.3	574
50.3	575	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	576
73.5	577	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	578
93.3	579
78.4	580	(((
80.10	581	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
93.3	582
	583
78.4	584	)))
50.3	585
	586	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	587
78.4	588	(((
50.3	589	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	590	)))
50.3	591
78.4	592	(((
80.10	593	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	594	)))
50.3	595
73.5	596	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	597
93.3	598
50.3	599	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	600
	601	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	602
80.10	603	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	604
	605
73.5	606	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	607
93.3	608
50.3	609	== 5.5 System ==
	610
	611	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	612
	613	Shows the system info:
	614
73.5	615	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	616
93.3	617
50.3	618	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	619
73.5	620	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	621
78.5	622	(((
54.2	623	__System Password:__
78.5	624	)))
50.3	625
78.5	626	(((
54.2	627	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	628	)))
50.3	629
78.5	630	(((
50.3	631	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	632	)))
50.3	633
54.2	634	(((
78.5	635	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	636	)))
50.3	637
54.2	638	(((
78.5	639	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
93.3	640
	641
78.5	642	)))
50.3	643
54.2	644	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	645
73.5	646	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	647
78.5	648	(((
	649	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	650	)))
50.3	651
54.2	652	(((
78.5	653	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	654	)))
50.3	655
54.2	656	(((
78.5	657	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	658
	659
54.2	660	)))
50.3	661
54.2	662	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	663
	664	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	665
73.5	666	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	667
93.3	668
54.2	669	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	670
	671	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	672
73.5	673	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	674
54.2	675	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	676
93.3	677
59.2	678	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	679
73.5	680	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	681
93.3	682
59.2	683	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	684
	685	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	686
73.5	687	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	688
73.5	689	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	690
73.5	691	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	692
	693	Please see this document for detail:
	694
80.4	695	(((
50.3	696	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	697	)))
50.3	698
	699
80.10	700	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	701
73.5	702	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	703
80.10	704
66.2	705	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	706
	707	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	708
	709	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	710
	711	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	712
	713	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	714
	715	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	716
78.5	717	(((
66.2	718	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	719	)))
50.3	720
78.5	721	(((
66.2	722	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	723	)))
50.3	724
73.5	725	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	726
	727	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	728
66.2	729	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	730
	731	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	732
73.5	733	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	734
66.2	735	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	736
66.2	737	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	738
66.2	739	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	740
66.2	741	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	742
93.3	743
66.2	744	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	745
73.5	746	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	747
73.7	748	(((
	749
	750	)))
50.3	751
66.2	752	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	753
73.5	754	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	755
	756	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	757
93.3	758
66.2	759	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	760
66.2	761	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	762
	763
	764	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	765
91.1	766	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	767
	768
	769	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	770
93.1	771	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	772
93.1	773	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	774
93.1	775
91.1	776	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	777
	778	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	779
	780
66.2	781	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	782
	783	Show the system log
	784
73.5	785	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	786
66.2	787	= 6. More features =
50.3	788
66.2	789	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	790
80.12	791	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	792
80.12	793
66.2	794	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	795
	796	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	797
93.3	798
66.2	799	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	800
	801	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	802
	803	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	804
	805	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	806
71.2	807	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	808
71.2	809	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	810
	811	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	812
73.5	813	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	814
71.2	815	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	816
73.5	817	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	818
80.13	819
67.3	820	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	821
78.5	822	(((
71.2	823	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	824	)))
50.3	825
78.5	826	(((
50.3	827	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	828	)))
50.3	829
78.5	830	(((
50.3	831	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	832	)))
50.3	833
78.5	834	(((
50.3	835	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	836	)))
50.3	837
73.5	838	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	839
	840
71.3	841	== 7.3 File System ==
	842
78.6	843	(((
50.3	844	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	845	)))
50.3	846
78.6	847	(((
50.3	848	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	849	)))
50.3	850
78.6	851	(((
50.3	852	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	853	)))
50.3	854
71.6	855
71.3	856	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	857
71.3	858	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	859
78.6	860	(((
71.3	861	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	862	)))
50.3	863
78.6	864	(((
71.6	865	In Linux Console run:
78.6	866	)))
50.3	867
71.6	868	(((
71.7	869	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	870	)))
50.3	871
71.6	872	(((
	873	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	874	)))
50.3	875
71.6	876	(((
	877	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	878	)))
50.3	879
	880	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	881
	882
71.6	883	(((
71.7	884	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	885	)))
50.3	886
71.6	887	(((
71.7	888	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	889	)))
50.3	890
71.6	891	(((
73.3	892	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	893	)))
50.3	894
71.6	895	(((
71.7	896	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	897	)))
50.3	898
71.6	899	(((
73.3	900	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	901	)))
50.3	902
71.6	903	(((
71.7	904	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	905	)))
50.3	906
71.6	907	(((
71.7	908	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	909	)))
50.3	910
73.2	911	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	912
71.7	913
73.2	914	= 9. FAQ =
	915
71.6	916	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	917
78.6	918	(((
80.10	919	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	920	)))
50.3	921
78.6	922	(((
80.10	923
78.6	924	)))
50.3	925
71.6	926	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	927
80.10	928	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	929
73.2	930
71.6	931	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	932
78.6	933	(((
50.3	934	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	935	)))
50.3	936
78.6	937	(((
50.3	938	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	939	)))
50.3	940
73.2	941
71.6	942	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	943
	944	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	945
71.7	946
73.2	947	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	948
71.6	949	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	950
	951	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	952
73.3	953	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	954
73.5	955	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	956
73.3	957	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	958
73.3	959	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	960
73.3	961	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	962
73.3	963	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	964
78.6	965	(((
50.3	966	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	967	)))
50.3	968
73.3	969	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	970
73.2	971
71.6	972	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	973
78.6	974	(((
80.11	975	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	976	)))
50.3	977
78.6	978	(((
80.11	979
78.6	980	)))
50.3	981
71.6	982	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	983
73.5	984	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	985
78.6	986	(((
50.3	987	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	988	)))
50.3	989
73.5	990	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	991
	992
	993	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	994
73.2	995	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	996
	997	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	998	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	999	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	1000
	1001	As below photo:
	1002
73.5	1003	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	1004
73.2	1005	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	1006
	1007	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	1008
73.5	1009
71.7	1010	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	1011
73.6	1012	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	1013
73.6	1014	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	1015
73.6	1016	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	1017	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	1018
73.6	1019	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	1020
73.6	1021	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	1022	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	1023	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	1024	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	1025
	1026	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	1027
73.6	1028
71.7	1029	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	1030
78.6	1031	(((
50.3	1032	Package Includes:
78.6	1033	)))
50.3	1034
	1035	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1036	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1037	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1038
78.6	1039	(((
50.3	1040	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1041	)))
50.3	1042
93.3	1043	* Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
	1044	* Weight: 450g
	1045	* Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
	1046	* Weight: 2.5kg
50.3	1047
71.7	1048	= 13. Support =
50.3	1049
80.15	1050	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1051	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1052	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1053	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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