Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 113.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/05 17:20

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
95.2	2	[[image:1657010676286-732.png\|\|height="452" width="452"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
	9
	10
	11
	12
81.1	13
93.2	14
	15
	16
	17
	18
	19
98.2	20	= 1. Introduction =
50.3	21
98.2	22	== 1.1 What is the LG308N ==
50.3	23
93.2	24
75.2	25	(((
95.2	26	(((
96.2	27	The LG308N is an open source (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN Pico Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
75.2	28	)))
50.3	29
75.2	30	(((
96.2	31	The LG308N uses (% style="color:blue" %)Semtech packet forwarder (%%)and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:blue" %)SX1302 LoRa concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
75.2	32	)))
50.3	33
75.2	34	(((
96.2	35	LG308N has (% style="color:blue" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:blue" %)customized the frequency bands(%%) to use in their own LoRa network.
75.2	36	)))
50.3	37
75.2	38	(((
95.2	39	LG308N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
75.2	40	)))
95.2	41	)))
50.3	42
75.2	43	(((
93.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
96.2	47	[[image:1657010949218-224.png]]
50.3	48
93.4	49
98.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
93.4	52
50.3	53	Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
	63	Interface:
	64
96.2	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 2
50.3	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
96.2	68	* Power Input: 12 V DC, 2 A
50.3	69	* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)
	70	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	71	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	72	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	73
	74	WiFi Spec:
	75
	76	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	77	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	78	* Tx power:
	79	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	80	** 11b tx power: 18db
	81	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	82	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	83	* Wifi Sensitivity
	84	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	85	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	86
	87	LoRa Spec:
	88
96.2	89	* Up to -142.5 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
50.3	90	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	91	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	92	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	93	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	94	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	95	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	96	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	97
	98	Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	99
	100	* Quectel: [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	101	* Standard Size SIM Slot
	102	* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
	103	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	104	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	105	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	106
98.2	107	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	108
96.3	109
	110	* Open Source Linux system
50.3	111	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
96.3	112	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	113	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	114	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
50.3	115
93.4	116
98.2	117	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	118
98.2	119	[[image:1657011152828-178.png]]
50.3	120
93.4	121
98.2	122	== 1.5 LG308N Applications ==
50.3	123
98.3	124
98.2	125	[[image:1657011208596-209.png]]
50.3	126
93.4	127
98.3	128	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
50.3	129
98.3	130	LG308N has totally 6 LEDs, They are:
	131
104.3	132	* Power LED [[image:image-20220705165446-1.png\|\|height="21" width="22"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	133	* HEART LED [[image:image-20220705165446-2.png\|\|height="19" width="18"]] : No function yet.
104.4	134	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220705165446-3.png\|\|height="20" width="19"]] : This LED will shows different colors on different state:
	135	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
104.3	136	(% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%) **for several seconds.
104.4	137	(% style="color:red" %)OFF**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	138
104.2	139	* ETH LED[[image:image-20220705165446-4.png\|\|height="19" width="22"]] [[image:image-20220705165446-5.png\|\|height="18" width="20"]] : These two LEDs show the ETH interfaces connection status.
104.4	140	* WiFi LED [[image:image-20220705165446-6.png\|\|height="19" width="19"]] : This LED shows the WiFi interface connection status.
50.3	141
104.3	142	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Above LED indication are for firmware version > LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.3.1584002217-20200312-1639
104.2	143
	144
50.3	145	(((
	146	(((
93.4	147
50.3	148	)))
	149	)))
	150
105.2	151	= 2. Access and Configure LG308N =
50.3	152
104.4	153	The LG308N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
50.3	154
93.4	155
105.2	156	== 2.1 Find IP address of LG308N ==
50.3	157
105.2	158	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	159
105.2	160	[[image:1657011715859-829.png]]
50.3	161
	162
105.3	163	At the first boot of LG308N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(%%)with password:
	164
	165	(% style="color:red" %)Note: In latest version firmware, it has been password protected and the password is: dragino+dragino
	166
73.5	167	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	168
	169
75.3	170	(((
105.3	171	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LG308N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
93.4	172
	173
75.3	174	)))
50.3	175
107.2	176	=== 2.1.2 Connect via WAN port with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	177
106.2	178	[[image:1657011966663-484.png]]
50.3	179
106.2	180	(((
	181	Alternatively, connect the LG308N __WAN port__ to your router and LG308N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LG308N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	182	)))
50.3	183
106.2	184
77.2	185	(((
93.4	186
77.2	187	)))
50.3	188
107.2	189	=== 2.1.3 Connect via LAN port with direct connection from PC ===
50.3	190
107.2	191	[[image:1657012061799-674.png]]
50.3	192
108.2	193	(((
107.2	194	The LG308N __LAN port__ is configured as DHCP router by default, user can connect the PC to LAN port and set PC to DHCP mode, it will get IP from LAN port and be able to access to the device. The default IP in LAN port is 10.130.1.1
108.2	195	)))
50.3	196
	197
93.4	198
108.2	199	=== 2.1.4 Connect WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	200
108.2	201	[[image:image-20220705171041-7.png]]
50.3	202
93.4	203
108.2	204	If the LG308N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LG308N.
	205
	206
	207
	208	=== 2.1.5 Connect via LAN port by fall back ip ===
	209
	210	The LAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#fallback_ip]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router.
	211
	212
	213
50.3	214	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	215
	216	Web Interface
	217
108.2	218	Open a browser on the PC and type the LG308N ip address (depends on your connect method)
50.3	219
	220	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	221
	222	or
	223
	224	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	225
	226
	227	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	228
	229	The account details for Web Login are:
	230
	231	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	232
	233	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	234
73.5	235	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	236
108.2	237
108.3	238	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
50.3	239
108.3	240	== 3.1 Overview ==
50.3	241
108.3	242	(((
	243	LG308N supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LG308N. The typical network set up includes:
	244	)))
50.3	245
108.3	246
50.3	247	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	248	* WiFi Client Mode
	249	* WiFi AP Mode
	250	* Cellular Mode
	251
108.3	252
	253
	254
108.4	255	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
50.3	256
	257	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	258
110.2	259	[[image:1657012559318-672.png]]
50.3	260
93.3	261
50.3	262	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	263
108.4	264	In the WiFi Client Mode, LG308N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
50.3	265
77.2	266	(((
50.3	267	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	268	)))
50.3	269
110.2	270	[[image:1657012573321-862.png]]
50.3	271
77.2	272	(((
50.3	273	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
93.3	274
	275
77.2	276	)))
50.3	277
111.2	278	== 3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
50.3	279
111.2	280	If the LG308N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
50.3	281
	282
111.2	283	First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
50.3	284
111.2	285	Second, Power off/ ON LG308N to let it detect the SIM card.
50.3	286
111.2	287	[[image:image-20220705171836-8.png]]
	288
	289
	290
80.2	291	(((
111.2	292
80.2	293	)))
50.3	294
77.2	295	(((
50.3	296	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	297	)))
50.3	298
77.2	299	(((
50.3	300	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
112.2	301
	302
77.2	303	)))
50.3	304
80.2	305	(((
112.2	306	[[image:image-20220705171919-9.png]]
80.2	307	)))
50.3	308
	309	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	310
93.3	311
50.3	312	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	313
	314	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	315
78.2	316	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	317	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	318	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	319
73.5	320	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	321
93.3	322
50.3	323	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	324
	325	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	326
80.4	327	(((
73.5	328	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	329	)))
50.3	330
	331	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	332
80.9	333	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	334
93.3	335
50.3	336	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	337
	338	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	339
78.3	340	(((
50.3	341	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	342	)))
50.3	343
80.4	344	(((
73.5	345	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	346	)))
50.3	347
80.4	348	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	349
	350	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	351
	352	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	353
73.5	354	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	355
	356	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	357
80.4	358	(((
73.5	359	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	360	)))
50.3	361
	362	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	363
	364	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	365	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	366	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	367	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	368
	369	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	370
73.5	371	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	372
	373	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	374
	375	Open the following page:
	376
73.5	377	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	378
73.5	379	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	380
80.4	381	(((
50.3	382	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	383	)))
50.3	384
	385	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	386
73.5	387	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	388
93.3	389
50.3	390	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	391
80.4	392	(((
50.3	393	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	394	)))
50.3	395
80.4	396	(((
50.3	397	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	398	)))
50.3	399
80.4	400	(((
50.3	401	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	402	)))
50.3	403
73.5	404	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	405
	406	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	407
	408	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	409
73.5	410	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	411
	412	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	413
73.5	414	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	415
93.3	416
50.3	417	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	418
	419	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	420
73.5	421	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	422
	423
	424	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	425
73.5	426	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	427
93.3	428
78.3	429	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	430
78.3	431	(((
50.3	432	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	433	)))
50.3	434
78.3	435	(((
50.3	436	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	437	)))
50.3	438
73.5	439	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	440
78.3	441	(((
50.3	442	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	443	)))
50.3	444
78.3	445	(((
50.3	446	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	447	)))
50.3	448
	449	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	450	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	451	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	452
78.3	453	(((
50.3	454	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	455	)))
50.3	456
73.5	457	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	458
78.3	459	(((
50.3	460	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	461	)))
50.3	462
78.3	463	(((
50.3	464	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	465	)))
50.3	466
78.3	467	(((
50.3	468	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	469	)))
50.3	470
73.5	471	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	472
	473	Open the Application select Add end device
	474
	475	Start Register the end device
	476
73.5	477	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	478
78.3	479	(((
50.3	480	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	481	)))
50.3	482
78.3	483	(((
50.3	484	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	485	)))
50.3	486
73.5	487	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	488
	489	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	490
73.5	491	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	492
	493	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	494
73.5	495	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	496
78.3	497	(((
50.3	498	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	499	)))
50.3	500
78.3	501	(((
50.3	502	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	503	)))
50.3	504
78.3	505	(((
50.3	506	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	507	)))
50.3	508
73.5	509	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	510
93.3	511
50.3	512	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	513
	514	== 5.1 Home ==
	515
	516	Shows the system running status.
	517
73.5	518	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	519
93.3	520
50.3	521	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	522
	523	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	524
78.4	525	(((
50.3	526	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	527	)))
50.3	528
78.4	529	(((
50.3	530	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	531	)))
50.3	532
	533	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	534	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	535
78.4	536	(((
50.3	537	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	538	)))
50.3	539
73.5	540	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	541
80.10	542	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	543
	544
	545	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	546
	547	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	548
	549	* No internet connection.
80.9	550	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	551
78.4	552	(((
80.10	553	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	554	)))
50.3	555
73.5	556	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	557
93.3	558
50.3	559	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	560
	561	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	562
	563	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	564
73.5	565	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	566
	567	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	568
	569	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	570
	571	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	572
80.10	573	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	574
93.3	575
50.3	576	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	577
73.5	578	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	579
93.3	580
78.4	581	(((
80.10	582	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
93.3	583
	584
78.4	585	)))
50.3	586
	587	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	588
78.4	589	(((
50.3	590	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	591	)))
50.3	592
78.4	593	(((
80.10	594	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	595	)))
50.3	596
73.5	597	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	598
93.3	599
50.3	600	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	601
	602	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	603
80.10	604	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	605
	606
73.5	607	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	608
93.3	609
50.3	610	== 5.5 System ==
	611
	612	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	613
	614	Shows the system info:
	615
73.5	616	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	617
93.3	618
50.3	619	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	620
73.5	621	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	622
78.5	623	(((
54.2	624	__System Password:__
78.5	625	)))
50.3	626
78.5	627	(((
54.2	628	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	629	)))
50.3	630
78.5	631	(((
50.3	632	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	633	)))
50.3	634
54.2	635	(((
78.5	636	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	637	)))
50.3	638
54.2	639	(((
78.5	640	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
93.3	641
	642
78.5	643	)))
50.3	644
54.2	645	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	646
73.5	647	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	648
78.5	649	(((
	650	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	651	)))
50.3	652
54.2	653	(((
78.5	654	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	655	)))
50.3	656
54.2	657	(((
78.5	658	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	659
	660
54.2	661	)))
50.3	662
54.2	663	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	664
	665	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	666
73.5	667	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	668
93.3	669
54.2	670	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	671
	672	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	673
73.5	674	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	675
54.2	676	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	677
93.3	678
59.2	679	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	680
73.5	681	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	682
93.3	683
59.2	684	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	685
	686	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	687
73.5	688	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	689
73.5	690	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	691
73.5	692	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	693
	694	Please see this document for detail:
	695
80.4	696	(((
50.3	697	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	698	)))
50.3	699
	700
80.10	701	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	702
73.5	703	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	704
80.10	705
66.2	706	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	707
	708	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	709
	710	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	711
	712	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	713
	714	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	715
	716	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	717
78.5	718	(((
66.2	719	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	720	)))
50.3	721
78.5	722	(((
66.2	723	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	724	)))
50.3	725
73.5	726	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	727
	728	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	729
66.2	730	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	731
	732	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	733
73.5	734	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	735
66.2	736	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	737
66.2	738	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	739
66.2	740	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	741
66.2	742	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	743
93.3	744
66.2	745	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	746
73.5	747	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	748
73.7	749	(((
	750
	751	)))
50.3	752
66.2	753	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	754
73.5	755	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	756
	757	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	758
93.3	759
66.2	760	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	761
66.2	762	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	763
	764
	765	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	766
91.1	767	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	768
	769
	770	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	771
93.1	772	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	773
93.1	774	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	775
93.1	776
91.1	777	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	778
	779	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	780
	781
66.2	782	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	783
	784	Show the system log
	785
73.5	786	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	787
66.2	788	= 6. More features =
50.3	789
66.2	790	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	791
80.12	792	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	793
80.12	794
66.2	795	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	796
	797	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	798
93.3	799
66.2	800	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	801
	802	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	803
	804	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	805
	806	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	807
71.2	808	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	809
71.2	810	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	811
	812	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	813
73.5	814	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	815
71.2	816	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	817
73.5	818	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	819
80.13	820
67.3	821	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	822
78.5	823	(((
71.2	824	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	825	)))
50.3	826
78.5	827	(((
50.3	828	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	829	)))
50.3	830
78.5	831	(((
50.3	832	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	833	)))
50.3	834
78.5	835	(((
50.3	836	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	837	)))
50.3	838
73.5	839	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	840
	841
71.3	842	== 7.3 File System ==
	843
78.6	844	(((
50.3	845	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	846	)))
50.3	847
78.6	848	(((
50.3	849	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	850	)))
50.3	851
78.6	852	(((
50.3	853	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	854	)))
50.3	855
71.6	856
71.3	857	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	858
71.3	859	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	860
78.6	861	(((
71.3	862	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	863	)))
50.3	864
78.6	865	(((
71.6	866	In Linux Console run:
78.6	867	)))
50.3	868
71.6	869	(((
71.7	870	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	871	)))
50.3	872
71.6	873	(((
	874	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	875	)))
50.3	876
71.6	877	(((
	878	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	879	)))
50.3	880
	881	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	882
	883
71.6	884	(((
71.7	885	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	886	)))
50.3	887
71.6	888	(((
71.7	889	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	890	)))
50.3	891
71.6	892	(((
73.3	893	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	894	)))
50.3	895
71.6	896	(((
71.7	897	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	898	)))
50.3	899
71.6	900	(((
73.3	901	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	902	)))
50.3	903
71.6	904	(((
71.7	905	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	906	)))
50.3	907
71.6	908	(((
71.7	909	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	910	)))
50.3	911
73.2	912	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	913
71.7	914
73.2	915	= 9. FAQ =
	916
71.6	917	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	918
78.6	919	(((
80.10	920	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	921	)))
50.3	922
78.6	923	(((
80.10	924
78.6	925	)))
50.3	926
71.6	927	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	928
80.10	929	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	930
73.2	931
71.6	932	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	933
78.6	934	(((
50.3	935	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	936	)))
50.3	937
78.6	938	(((
50.3	939	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	940	)))
50.3	941
73.2	942
71.6	943	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	944
	945	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	946
71.7	947
73.2	948	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	949
71.6	950	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	951
	952	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	953
73.3	954	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	955
73.5	956	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	957
73.3	958	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	959
73.3	960	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	961
73.3	962	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	963
73.3	964	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	965
78.6	966	(((
50.3	967	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	968	)))
50.3	969
73.3	970	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	971
73.2	972
71.6	973	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	974
78.6	975	(((
80.11	976	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	977	)))
50.3	978
78.6	979	(((
80.11	980
78.6	981	)))
50.3	982
71.6	983	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	984
73.5	985	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	986
78.6	987	(((
50.3	988	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	989	)))
50.3	990
73.5	991	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	992
	993
	994	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	995
73.2	996	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	997
	998	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	999	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	1000	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	1001
	1002	As below photo:
	1003
73.5	1004	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	1005
73.2	1006	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	1007
	1008	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	1009
73.5	1010
71.7	1011	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	1012
73.6	1013	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	1014
73.6	1015	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	1016
73.6	1017	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	1018	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	1019
73.6	1020	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	1021
73.6	1022	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	1023	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	1024	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	1025	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	1026
	1027	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	1028
73.6	1029
71.7	1030	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	1031
78.6	1032	(((
50.3	1033	Package Includes:
78.6	1034	)))
50.3	1035
	1036	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1037	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1038	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1039
78.6	1040	(((
50.3	1041	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1042	)))
50.3	1043
93.3	1044	* Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
	1045	* Weight: 450g
	1046	* Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
	1047	* Weight: 2.5kg
50.3	1048
71.7	1049	= 13. Support =
50.3	1050
80.15	1051	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1052	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1053	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1054	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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