Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 110.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/05 17:16

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
95.2	2	[[image:1657010676286-732.png\|\|height="452" width="452"]]
50.3	3
	4
	5
	6
74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
	9
	10
	11
	12
81.1	13
93.2	14
	15
	16
	17
	18
	19
98.2	20	= 1. Introduction =
50.3	21
98.2	22	== 1.1 What is the LG308N ==
50.3	23
93.2	24
75.2	25	(((
95.2	26	(((
96.2	27	The LG308N is an open source (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN Pico Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
75.2	28	)))
50.3	29
75.2	30	(((
96.2	31	The LG308N uses (% style="color:blue" %)Semtech packet forwarder (%%)and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:blue" %)SX1302 LoRa concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
75.2	32	)))
50.3	33
75.2	34	(((
96.2	35	LG308N has (% style="color:blue" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:blue" %)customized the frequency bands(%%) to use in their own LoRa network.
75.2	36	)))
50.3	37
75.2	38	(((
95.2	39	LG308N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
75.2	40	)))
95.2	41	)))
50.3	42
75.2	43	(((
93.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
96.2	47	[[image:1657010949218-224.png]]
50.3	48
93.4	49
98.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
93.4	52
50.3	53	Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
	63	Interface:
	64
96.2	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 2
50.3	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
96.2	68	* Power Input: 12 V DC, 2 A
50.3	69	* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)
	70	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	71	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	72	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	73
	74	WiFi Spec:
	75
	76	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	77	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	78	* Tx power:
	79	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	80	** 11b tx power: 18db
	81	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	82	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	83	* Wifi Sensitivity
	84	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	85	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	86
	87	LoRa Spec:
	88
96.2	89	* Up to -142.5 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
50.3	90	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	91	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	92	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	93	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	94	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	95	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	96	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	97
	98	Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	99
	100	* Quectel: [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	101	* Standard Size SIM Slot
	102	* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
	103	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	104	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	105	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	106
98.2	107	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	108
96.3	109
	110	* Open Source Linux system
50.3	111	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
96.3	112	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	113	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	114	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
50.3	115
93.4	116
98.2	117	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	118
98.2	119	[[image:1657011152828-178.png]]
50.3	120
93.4	121
98.2	122	== 1.5 LG308N Applications ==
50.3	123
98.3	124
98.2	125	[[image:1657011208596-209.png]]
50.3	126
93.4	127
98.3	128	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
50.3	129
98.3	130	LG308N has totally 6 LEDs, They are:
	131
104.3	132	* Power LED [[image:image-20220705165446-1.png\|\|height="21" width="22"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	133	* HEART LED [[image:image-20220705165446-2.png\|\|height="19" width="18"]] : No function yet.
104.4	134	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220705165446-3.png\|\|height="20" width="19"]] : This LED will shows different colors on different state:
	135	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
104.3	136	(% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:red" %)BLINKING(%%) **for several seconds.
104.4	137	(% style="color:red" %)OFF**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	138
104.2	139	* ETH LED[[image:image-20220705165446-4.png\|\|height="19" width="22"]] [[image:image-20220705165446-5.png\|\|height="18" width="20"]] : These two LEDs show the ETH interfaces connection status.
104.4	140	* WiFi LED [[image:image-20220705165446-6.png\|\|height="19" width="19"]] : This LED shows the WiFi interface connection status.
50.3	141
104.3	142	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Above LED indication are for firmware version > LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.3.1584002217-20200312-1639
104.2	143
	144
50.3	145	(((
	146	(((
93.4	147
50.3	148	)))
	149	)))
	150
105.2	151	= 2. Access and Configure LG308N =
50.3	152
104.4	153	The LG308N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
50.3	154
93.4	155
105.2	156	== 2.1 Find IP address of LG308N ==
50.3	157
105.2	158	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	159
105.2	160	[[image:1657011715859-829.png]]
50.3	161
	162
105.3	163	At the first boot of LG308N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(%%)with password:
	164
	165	(% style="color:red" %)Note: In latest version firmware, it has been password protected and the password is: dragino+dragino
	166
73.5	167	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	168
	169
75.3	170	(((
105.3	171	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the LG308N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
93.4	172
	173
75.3	174	)))
50.3	175
107.2	176	=== 2.1.2 Connect via WAN port with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	177
106.2	178	[[image:1657011966663-484.png]]
50.3	179
106.2	180	(((
	181	Alternatively, connect the LG308N __WAN port__ to your router and LG308N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LG308N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	182	)))
50.3	183
106.2	184
77.2	185	(((
93.4	186
77.2	187	)))
50.3	188
107.2	189	=== 2.1.3 Connect via LAN port with direct connection from PC ===
50.3	190
107.2	191	[[image:1657012061799-674.png]]
50.3	192
108.2	193	(((
107.2	194	The LG308N __LAN port__ is configured as DHCP router by default, user can connect the PC to LAN port and set PC to DHCP mode, it will get IP from LAN port and be able to access to the device. The default IP in LAN port is 10.130.1.1
108.2	195	)))
50.3	196
	197
93.4	198
108.2	199	=== 2.1.4 Connect WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	200
108.2	201	[[image:image-20220705171041-7.png]]
50.3	202
93.4	203
108.2	204	If the LG308N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LG308N.
	205
	206
	207
	208	=== 2.1.5 Connect via LAN port by fall back ip ===
	209
	210	The LAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#fallback_ip]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router.
	211
	212
	213
50.3	214	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	215
	216	Web Interface
	217
108.2	218	Open a browser on the PC and type the LG308N ip address (depends on your connect method)
50.3	219
	220	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	221
	222	or
	223
	224	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	225
	226
	227	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	228
	229	The account details for Web Login are:
	230
	231	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	232
	233	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	234
73.5	235	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	236
108.2	237
108.3	238	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
50.3	239
108.3	240	== 3.1 Overview ==
50.3	241
108.3	242	(((
	243	LG308N supports flexible network set up for different environment. This section describes the typical network topology can be set in LG308N. The typical network set up includes:
	244	)))
50.3	245
108.3	246
50.3	247	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	248	* WiFi Client Mode
	249	* WiFi AP Mode
	250	* Cellular Mode
	251
108.3	252
	253
	254
108.4	255	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
50.3	256
	257	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	258
73.5	259	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	260
93.3	261
50.3	262	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	263
108.4	264	In the WiFi Client Mode, LG308N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
50.3	265
77.2	266	(((
50.3	267	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	268	)))
50.3	269
73.5	270	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	271
77.2	272	(((
50.3	273	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
93.3	274
	275
77.2	276	)))
50.3	277
	278	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	279
	280	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	281
77.2	282	(((
50.3	283	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	284	)))
50.3	285
73.5	286	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	287
	288
80.2	289	(((
78.2	290	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	291	)))
50.3	292
77.2	293	(((
50.3	294	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	295	)))
50.3	296
77.2	297	(((
50.3	298	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	299	)))
50.3	300
80.2	301	(((
73.5	302	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	303	)))
50.3	304
	305	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	306
93.3	307
50.3	308	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	309
	310	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	311
78.2	312	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	313	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	314	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	315
73.5	316	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	317
93.3	318
50.3	319	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	320
	321	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	322
80.4	323	(((
73.5	324	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	325	)))
50.3	326
	327	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	328
80.9	329	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	330
93.3	331
50.3	332	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	333
	334	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	335
78.3	336	(((
50.3	337	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	338	)))
50.3	339
80.4	340	(((
73.5	341	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	342	)))
50.3	343
80.4	344	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	345
	346	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	347
	348	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	349
73.5	350	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	351
	352	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	353
80.4	354	(((
73.5	355	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	356	)))
50.3	357
	358	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	359
	360	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	361	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	362	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	363	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	364
	365	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	366
73.5	367	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	368
	369	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	370
	371	Open the following page:
	372
73.5	373	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	374
73.5	375	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	376
80.4	377	(((
50.3	378	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	379	)))
50.3	380
	381	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	382
73.5	383	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	384
93.3	385
50.3	386	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	387
80.4	388	(((
50.3	389	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	390	)))
50.3	391
80.4	392	(((
50.3	393	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	394	)))
50.3	395
80.4	396	(((
50.3	397	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	398	)))
50.3	399
73.5	400	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	401
	402	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	403
	404	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	405
73.5	406	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	407
	408	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	409
73.5	410	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	411
93.3	412
50.3	413	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	414
	415	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	416
73.5	417	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	418
	419
	420	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	421
73.5	422	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	423
93.3	424
78.3	425	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	426
78.3	427	(((
50.3	428	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	429	)))
50.3	430
78.3	431	(((
50.3	432	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	433	)))
50.3	434
73.5	435	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	436
78.3	437	(((
50.3	438	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	439	)))
50.3	440
78.3	441	(((
50.3	442	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	443	)))
50.3	444
	445	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	446	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	447	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	448
78.3	449	(((
50.3	450	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	451	)))
50.3	452
73.5	453	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	454
78.3	455	(((
50.3	456	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	457	)))
50.3	458
78.3	459	(((
50.3	460	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	461	)))
50.3	462
78.3	463	(((
50.3	464	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	465	)))
50.3	466
73.5	467	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	468
	469	Open the Application select Add end device
	470
	471	Start Register the end device
	472
73.5	473	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	474
78.3	475	(((
50.3	476	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	477	)))
50.3	478
78.3	479	(((
50.3	480	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	481	)))
50.3	482
73.5	483	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	484
	485	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	486
73.5	487	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	488
	489	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	490
73.5	491	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	492
78.3	493	(((
50.3	494	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	495	)))
50.3	496
78.3	497	(((
50.3	498	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	499	)))
50.3	500
78.3	501	(((
50.3	502	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	503	)))
50.3	504
73.5	505	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	506
93.3	507
50.3	508	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	509
	510	== 5.1 Home ==
	511
	512	Shows the system running status.
	513
73.5	514	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	515
93.3	516
50.3	517	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	518
	519	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	520
78.4	521	(((
50.3	522	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	523	)))
50.3	524
78.4	525	(((
50.3	526	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	527	)))
50.3	528
	529	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	530	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	531
78.4	532	(((
50.3	533	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	534	)))
50.3	535
73.5	536	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	537
80.10	538	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	539
	540
	541	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	542
	543	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	544
	545	* No internet connection.
80.9	546	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	547
78.4	548	(((
80.10	549	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	550	)))
50.3	551
73.5	552	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	553
93.3	554
50.3	555	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	556
	557	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	558
	559	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	560
73.5	561	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	562
	563	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	564
	565	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	566
	567	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	568
80.10	569	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	570
93.3	571
50.3	572	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	573
73.5	574	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	575
93.3	576
78.4	577	(((
80.10	578	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
93.3	579
	580
78.4	581	)))
50.3	582
	583	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	584
78.4	585	(((
50.3	586	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	587	)))
50.3	588
78.4	589	(((
80.10	590	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	591	)))
50.3	592
73.5	593	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	594
93.3	595
50.3	596	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	597
	598	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	599
80.10	600	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	601
	602
73.5	603	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	604
93.3	605
50.3	606	== 5.5 System ==
	607
	608	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	609
	610	Shows the system info:
	611
73.5	612	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	613
93.3	614
50.3	615	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	616
73.5	617	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	618
78.5	619	(((
54.2	620	__System Password:__
78.5	621	)))
50.3	622
78.5	623	(((
54.2	624	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	625	)))
50.3	626
78.5	627	(((
50.3	628	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	629	)))
50.3	630
54.2	631	(((
78.5	632	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	633	)))
50.3	634
54.2	635	(((
78.5	636	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
93.3	637
	638
78.5	639	)))
50.3	640
54.2	641	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	642
73.5	643	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	644
78.5	645	(((
	646	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	647	)))
50.3	648
54.2	649	(((
78.5	650	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	651	)))
50.3	652
54.2	653	(((
78.5	654	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	655
	656
54.2	657	)))
50.3	658
54.2	659	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	660
	661	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	662
73.5	663	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	664
93.3	665
54.2	666	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	667
	668	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	669
73.5	670	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	671
54.2	672	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	673
93.3	674
59.2	675	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	676
73.5	677	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	678
93.3	679
59.2	680	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	681
	682	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	683
73.5	684	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	685
73.5	686	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	687
73.5	688	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	689
	690	Please see this document for detail:
	691
80.4	692	(((
50.3	693	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	694	)))
50.3	695
	696
80.10	697	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	698
73.5	699	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	700
80.10	701
66.2	702	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	703
	704	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	705
	706	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	707
	708	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	709
	710	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	711
	712	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	713
78.5	714	(((
66.2	715	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	716	)))
50.3	717
78.5	718	(((
66.2	719	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	720	)))
50.3	721
73.5	722	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	723
	724	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	725
66.2	726	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	727
	728	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	729
73.5	730	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	731
66.2	732	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	733
66.2	734	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	735
66.2	736	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	737
66.2	738	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	739
93.3	740
66.2	741	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	742
73.5	743	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	744
73.7	745	(((
	746
	747	)))
50.3	748
66.2	749	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	750
73.5	751	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	752
	753	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	754
93.3	755
66.2	756	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	757
66.2	758	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	759
	760
	761	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	762
91.1	763	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	764
	765
	766	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	767
93.1	768	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	769
93.1	770	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	771
93.1	772
91.1	773	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	774
	775	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	776
	777
66.2	778	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	779
	780	Show the system log
	781
73.5	782	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	783
66.2	784	= 6. More features =
50.3	785
66.2	786	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	787
80.12	788	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	789
80.12	790
66.2	791	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	792
	793	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	794
93.3	795
66.2	796	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	797
	798	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	799
	800	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	801
	802	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	803
71.2	804	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	805
71.2	806	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	807
	808	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	809
73.5	810	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	811
71.2	812	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	813
73.5	814	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	815
80.13	816
67.3	817	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	818
78.5	819	(((
71.2	820	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	821	)))
50.3	822
78.5	823	(((
50.3	824	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	825	)))
50.3	826
78.5	827	(((
50.3	828	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	829	)))
50.3	830
78.5	831	(((
50.3	832	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	833	)))
50.3	834
73.5	835	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	836
	837
71.3	838	== 7.3 File System ==
	839
78.6	840	(((
50.3	841	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	842	)))
50.3	843
78.6	844	(((
50.3	845	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	846	)))
50.3	847
78.6	848	(((
50.3	849	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	850	)))
50.3	851
71.6	852
71.3	853	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	854
71.3	855	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	856
78.6	857	(((
71.3	858	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	859	)))
50.3	860
78.6	861	(((
71.6	862	In Linux Console run:
78.6	863	)))
50.3	864
71.6	865	(((
71.7	866	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	867	)))
50.3	868
71.6	869	(((
	870	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	871	)))
50.3	872
71.6	873	(((
	874	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	875	)))
50.3	876
	877	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	878
	879
71.6	880	(((
71.7	881	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	882	)))
50.3	883
71.6	884	(((
71.7	885	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	886	)))
50.3	887
71.6	888	(((
73.3	889	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	890	)))
50.3	891
71.6	892	(((
71.7	893	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	894	)))
50.3	895
71.6	896	(((
73.3	897	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	898	)))
50.3	899
71.6	900	(((
71.7	901	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	902	)))
50.3	903
71.6	904	(((
71.7	905	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	906	)))
50.3	907
73.2	908	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	909
71.7	910
73.2	911	= 9. FAQ =
	912
71.6	913	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	914
78.6	915	(((
80.10	916	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	917	)))
50.3	918
78.6	919	(((
80.10	920
78.6	921	)))
50.3	922
71.6	923	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	924
80.10	925	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	926
73.2	927
71.6	928	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	929
78.6	930	(((
50.3	931	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	932	)))
50.3	933
78.6	934	(((
50.3	935	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	936	)))
50.3	937
73.2	938
71.6	939	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	940
	941	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	942
71.7	943
73.2	944	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	945
71.6	946	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	947
	948	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	949
73.3	950	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	951
73.5	952	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	953
73.3	954	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	955
73.3	956	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	957
73.3	958	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	959
73.3	960	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	961
78.6	962	(((
50.3	963	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	964	)))
50.3	965
73.3	966	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	967
73.2	968
71.6	969	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	970
78.6	971	(((
80.11	972	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	973	)))
50.3	974
78.6	975	(((
80.11	976
78.6	977	)))
50.3	978
71.6	979	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	980
73.5	981	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	982
78.6	983	(((
50.3	984	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	985	)))
50.3	986
73.5	987	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	988
	989
	990	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	991
73.2	992	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	993
	994	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	995	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	996	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	997
	998	As below photo:
	999
73.5	1000	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	1001
73.2	1002	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	1003
	1004	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	1005
73.5	1006
71.7	1007	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	1008
73.6	1009	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	1010
73.6	1011	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	1012
73.6	1013	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	1014	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	1015
73.6	1016	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	1017
73.6	1018	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	1019	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	1020	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	1021	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	1022
	1023	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	1024
73.6	1025
71.7	1026	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	1027
78.6	1028	(((
50.3	1029	Package Includes:
78.6	1030	)))
50.3	1031
	1032	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1033	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1034	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1035
78.6	1036	(((
50.3	1037	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1038	)))
50.3	1039
93.3	1040	* Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
	1041	* Weight: 450g
	1042	* Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
	1043	* Weight: 2.5kg
50.3	1044
71.7	1045	= 13. Support =
50.3	1046
80.15	1047	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1048	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1049	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1050	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LG308N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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