Version 176.1 by Edwin Chen on 2022/12/28 10:51
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10 **Table of Contents：**
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12 {{toc/}}
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20
21 = 1. Introduction =
22
23 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
24
25
26 (((
27 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
28 )))
29
30 (((
31 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
32 )))
33
34 (((
35 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
36 )))
37
38 (((
39 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
40 )))
41
42 (((
43 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
44
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
49
50
51 == 1.2 Specifications ==
52
53
54 (((
55 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
56 )))
57
58 (((
59 (((
60 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Linux Part:**
61 )))
62 )))
63
64 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
65 * 64MB RAM
66 * 16MB Flash
67
68 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
69
70 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
71 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
72 * LoRaWAN Wireless
73 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
74 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
75 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
76 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
77 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
78
79 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
80
81 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
82 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
83 * Tx power:
84 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
85 ** 11b tx power: 18db
86 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
87 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
88 * Wifi Sensitivity
89 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
90 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
91
92 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
93
94 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
95 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
96 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
97 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
98 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
99 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
100 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
101 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
102
103 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
104
105 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
106 * Standard Size SIM Slot
107 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
108 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
109 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
110 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
111
112 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Power over Ethernet:**
113
114 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
115 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
116 * Thermal cut off.
117 * Short circuit protection.
118 * Over current protection
119 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
120 * Enhanced surge protection
121
122
123 == 1.3 Features ==
124
125
126 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
127 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
128 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
129 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
130 * Support MQTTS
131 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
132 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
133 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
134 * Far seeing LED indicator
135 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
136 * External fiber glass antenna
137 * Auto-Provision
138 * Remote Monitoring
139 * 802.3af PoE
140 * IP65
141 * Lighting Protection
142 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
143
144
145 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
146
147
148 [[image:image-20220907154423-1.png]]
149
150
151 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
152
153
154 [[image:image-20220916144221-26.png]]
155
156
157 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
158
159
160 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
161
162
163 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
164
165 (((
166 (((
167 * (((
168 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
169 )))
170 )))
171
172 * (((
173 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
174 )))
175 * (((
176 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn't have Internet connection.
177
178
179
180 )))
181 )))
182
183 == 1.7 Button Instruction ==
184
185
186 DLOS8N has a black toggle button, which is:
187
188
189 (% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s:                     **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
190
191 **LED status: ** LED will BLINKING GREEN Until the reload is finished.
192
193
194 (% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Long press more than 30s:    **(%%)the gateway will restart and restore factory settings.
195
196 **LED status: ** When the user releases the button, the LED will TURN OFF.
197
198
199 == 1.8 WiFi Direction ==
200
201
202 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
203
204
205 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
206
207
208 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
209
210
211 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
212
213
214 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
215
216 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
217
218
219 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
220
221
222 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
223
224
225 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
226
227
228 (% style="background-color:yellow" %) **dragino+dragino**
229
230 (((
231 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)**10.130.1.1**
232
233
234 )))
235
236 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
237
238
239 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
240
241
242 (((
243 (((
244 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
245 )))
246
247
248 )))
249
250 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
251
252
253 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
254
255
256 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
257
258
259 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
260
261
262 (((
263 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
264 )))
265
266
267 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
268
269
270 **Web Interface**
271
272 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
273
274 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
275
276 or
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278 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
279
280
281 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
282
283 The account details for Web Login are:
284
285 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
286
287 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
288
289
290 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
291
292
293 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
294
295 == 3.1 Overview ==
296
297
298 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
299
300 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
301 * **WiFi Client Mode**
302 * **WiFi AP Mode**
303 * **Cellular Mode**
304
305
306 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
307
308
309 (((
310 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
311
312
313 )))
314
315 [[image:image-20220916112129-1.png||height="414" width="887"]]
316
317
318 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
319
320
321 (((
322 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
323 )))
324
325 (((
326 (((
327 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
328
329
330 )))
331 )))
332
333 [[image:image-20220916142159-25.png||height="406" width="877"]](% style="display:none" %)
334
335
336 (((
337 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
338
339
340 )))
341
342 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
343
344
345 (((
346 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
347 )))
348
349 (((
350 (((
351 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
352
353
354 )))
355 )))
356
357 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
358
359
360 (((
361 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
362
363
364 )))
365
366 (((
367 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
368
369
370 )))
371
372 (((
373 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
374
375
376 )))
377
378 (((
379 [[image:image-20220916141840-23.png||height="357" width="870"]](% style="display:none" %)
380
381
382 )))
383
384 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** ***: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
385
386
387 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
388
389
390 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
391
392 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
393 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
394 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
395
396 [[image:image-20220916112620-2.png||height="384" width="872"]](% style="display:none" %)
397
398
399 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
400
401
402 (((
403 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
404
405
406 )))
407
408 (((
409 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
410 )))
411
412 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
413
414 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
415
416
417 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
418
419
420 (((
421 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
422
423
424 )))
425
426 (((
427 (((
428 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
429 )))
430 )))
431
432 (((
433 [[image:image-20220916141633-22.png||height="706" width="868"]]
434 )))
435
436 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
437
438
439
440 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
441
442
443 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
444
445
446 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
447
448
449
450 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
451
452
453 (((
454 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
455
456
457 )))
458
459 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
460
461
462 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
463 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
464 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
465 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
466
467
468 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
469
470
471 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
472
473 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
474
475
476 Open the following page:
477
478 [[image:1657089352139-443.png]]
479
480
481 [[image:1657089363403-611.png]]
482
483
484 (((
485 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
486
487
488 )))
489
490 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
491
492
493 [[image:1657089571089-281.png]]
494
495
496 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
497
498
499 (((
500 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
501 )))
502
503 (((
504 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
505 )))
506
507 (((
508 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
509
510
511 )))
512
513 [[image:1657089586062-302.png]]
514
515
516 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
517
518
519 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
520
521 [[image:image-20220916113405-3.png||height="388" width="862"]]
522
523
524 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
525
526 [[image:1657089753667-298.png]]
527
528
529 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
530
531
532 (((
533 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
534 )))
535
536
537 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
538
539
540 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
541
542 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
543
544
545 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
546
547
548 (((
549 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
550 )))
551
552 (((
553 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
554 )))
555
556 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
557
558 (((
559 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
560 )))
561
562 (((
563 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
564 )))
565
566 * **DEV EUI** - Unique ID code for a particular device.
567 * **APP EUI** - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
568 * **APP Key** - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
569
570 (((
571
572
573 (((
574 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
575 )))
576 )))
577
578 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
579
580
581 (((
582 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
583
584
585 )))
586
587 (((
588 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
589 )))
590
591 (((
592 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
593 )))
594
595
596 [[image:1657089795213-689.png]]
597
598 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
599
600
601 Start Register the end device
602
603 [[image:1657089816539-483.png]]
604
605 (((
606 Select OTAA activation mode
607
608
609 )))
610
611 (((
612 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
613 )))
614
615 [[image:1657089833529-558.png]]
616
617
618
619 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
620
621 [[image:1657089845985-297.png]]
622
623
624
625 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
626
627
628 [[image:1657089868506-654.png]]
629
630
631 (((
632 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
633
634
635 )))
636
637 (((
638 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**: (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
639
640
641 )))
642
643 (((
644 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
645
646
647 )))
648
649 [[image:1657089884131-489.png]]
650
651
652 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
653
654 == 5.1 Home ==
655
656
657 Shows the system running status.
658
659
660 [[image:image-20220916113702-4.png||height="331" width="727"]]
661
662
663 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
664
665 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
666
667
668 (((
669 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
670 )))
671
672 (((
673 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
674 )))
675
676 * (% style="color:red" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
677 * (% style="color:red" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
678
679 (((
680
681
682 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
683
684
685 )))
686
687 [[image:image-20220916114014-5.png||height="429" width="930"]]
688
689
690 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
691
692
693 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
694
695
696 (((
697 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
698 )))
699
700 * No internet connection.
701 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
702
703 (((
704 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
705
706
707 )))
708
709 [[image:image-20220916114346-7.png||height="363" width="886"]]
710
711
712 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
713
714 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
715
716
717 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
718
719
720 [[image:image-20220916114929-8.png||height="716" width="871"]]
721
722
723 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
724
725 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
726
727 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
728
729 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
730
731
732 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
733
734
735 [[image:1657089933044-221.png]]
736
737
738 (((
739 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
740
741
742 )))
743
744 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
745
746
747 (((
748 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
749 )))
750
751 (((
752 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
753
754
755 )))
756
757 [[image:image-20220916115143-9.png||height="314" width="858"]]
758
759
760 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
761
762
763 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
764
765 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
766
767
768 [[image:1657090037148-906.png]]
769
770
771 == 5.5 System ==
772
773 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
774
775
776 Shows the system info:
777
778
779 [[image:image-20220916133758-10.png||height="611" width="865"]]
780
781
782 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
783
784
785 [[image:image-20220916134411-11.png||height="505" width="875"]]
786
787
788 (((
789 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
790 )))
791
792 (((
793 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
794 )))
795
796 (((
797 This page can be used to set the password for them.
798 )))
799
800 (((
801 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
802 )))
803
804 (((
805 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
806
807
808 )))
809
810 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
811
812
813 [[image:image-20220916134642-12.png||height="417" width="886"]]
814
815
816 (((
817 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:   __**(%%)When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N's own network.
818 )))
819
820 (((
821 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings: **__(%%)Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
822 )))
823
824 (((
825 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
826
827
828 )))
829
830 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
831
832
833 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
834
835
836 [[image:image-20220916134831-13.png||height="426" width="909"]](% style="display:none" %)
837
838
839 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
840
841
842 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
843
844
845 [[image:image-20220916135100-14.png||height="364" width="917"]]
846
847
848 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
849
850
851 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
852
853
854 [[image:image-20220916135207-15.png||height="630" width="926"]]
855
856
857 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
858
859
860 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
861
862
863 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
864
865 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
866
867 [[image:image-20220916111123-1.png||height="345" width="729"]]
868
869
870 Please see this document for detail:
871
872 (((
873 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
874 )))
875
876
877 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
878
879 [[image:image-20220916140017-16.png||height="619" width="911"]]
880
881
882 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
883
884
885 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
886
887 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
888
889 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
890
891
892 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
893
894 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
895
896 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
897
898 (((
899 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
900 )))
901
902 (((
903 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
904 )))
905
906 [[image:image-20220916140103-17.png||height="277" width="881"]]
907
908 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
909
910
911 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//** (%%)the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
912
913 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
914
915 [[image:1657090298354-928.png]]
916
917 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
918
919 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
920
921 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
922
923
924 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
925
926
927 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
928
929
930 [[image:image-20220916140312-18.png||height="286" width="909"]]
931
932 (((
933
934 )))
935
936 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
937
938
939 [[image:image-20220916140421-19.png||height="715" width="904"]]
940
941
942 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
943
944
945 == 5.6 LogRead ==
946
947 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
948
949 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
950
951 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
952
953
954 [[image:image-20220916140549-20.png||height="729" width="877"]]
955
956
957 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
958
959
960 Show the system log
961
962
963 [[image:image-20220916140732-21.png||height="710" width="872"]]
964
965
966 = 6. More features =
967
968 == 6.1 More instructions ==
969
970
971 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
972
973
974 = 7. Linux System =
975
976
977 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
978
979
980 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
981
982
983 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
984
985 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
986
987 Port:  22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
988
989 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
990
991 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
992
993 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
994
995 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
996
997 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
998
999
1000 [[image:1657090508015-884.png]]
1001
1002
1003 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
1004
1005
1006 (((
1007 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1008 )))
1009
1010 (((
1011 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1012 )))
1013
1014 (((
1015 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1016
1017
1018 )))
1019
1020 (((
1021 Screenshot is as below:
1022 )))
1023
1024 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1025
1026
1027 == 7.3 File System ==
1028
1029
1030 (((
1031 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1032 )))
1033
1034 (((
1035 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
1036 )))
1037
1038 (((
1039 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1040 )))
1041
1042
1043 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
1044
1045
1046 (((
1047 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1048 )))
1049
1050 (((
1051 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1052 )))
1053
1054 (((
1055 **In Linux Console run:**
1056 )))
1057
1058 (((
1059 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1060 )))
1061
1062 (((
1063 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1064 )))
1065
1066 (((
1067 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1068 )))
1069
1070 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1071
1072
1073 (((
1074 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1075 )))
1076
1077 (((
1078 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1079 )))
1080
1081 (((
1082 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1083 )))
1084
1085 (((
1086 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1087 )))
1088
1089 (((
1090 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1091 )))
1092
1093 (((
1094 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1095 )))
1096
1097 (((
1098 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1099
1100
1101 )))
1102
1103 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1104
1105
1106 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1107
1108 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8/Firmware/Release/]],
1109
1110 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/DLSO8N/Firmware>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8/Firmware/Release/]])
1111
1112 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/DLSO8/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1113
1114 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1115
1116
1117 (((
1118 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1119 )))
1120
1121
1122 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1123
1124
1125 (((
1126 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1127 )))
1128
1129 (((
1130 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1131 )))
1132
1133
1134 (((
1135 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1136 )))
1137
1138
1139 (((
1140 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1141
1142
1143 )))
1144
1145 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657158986600-386.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657158986600-386.png"]]
1146
1147
1148 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1149
1150
1151 (((
1152 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1153 )))
1154
1155 (((
1156 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1157 )))
1158
1159
1160 (((
1161 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1162 )))
1163
1164
1165 = 9. OTA System Update =
1166
1167 DLOS8N supports system auto update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>doc:OTA Update.WebHome]]** for the detail of this feature.
1168
1169
1170 = 10. FAQ =
1171
1172 == 10.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1173
1174
1175 (((
1176 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1177 )))
1178
1179 (((
1180
1181 )))
1182
1183 == 10.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
1184
1185
1186 (((
1187 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
1188 )))
1189
1190
1191 == 10.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1192
1193
1194 (((
1195 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1196 )))
1197
1198 (((
1199 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1200 )))
1201
1202
1203 == 10.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1204
1205
1206 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1207
1208
1209 = 11. Trouble Shooting =
1210
1211 == 11.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1212
1213
1214 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1215
1216 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1217
1218 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1219
1220 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1221
1222 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1223
1224 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1225
1226 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1227
1228 (((
1229 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1230 )))
1231
1232 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1233
1234
1235 == 11.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1236
1237
1238 (((
1239 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1240 )))
1241
1242 (((
1243
1244 )))
1245
1246 == 11.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1247
1248
1249 [[image:1657090540821-317.png]]
1250
1251
1252 (((
1253 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1254
1255
1256 )))
1257
1258 (((
1259 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1260 )))
1261
1262
1263 (((
1264 (% style="color:blue" %)**Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1265 )))
1266
1267 (((
1268 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to DLOS8N's WAN port
1269 )))
1270
1271 (((
1272 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1273 )))
1274
1275 (((
1276
1277
1278 As below photo:
1279
1280
1281 )))
1282
1283 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1284
1285
1286 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1287
1288
1289 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1290
1291
1292 = 12. Order Info =
1293
1294
1295 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//(%%)**
1296
1297 (% style="color:blue" %)**//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1298
1299 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(%%) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1300 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(%%):  valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1301
1302 (% style="color:blue" %)**//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1303
1304 * (% style="color:red" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1305 * (% style="color:red" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1306 * (% style="color:red" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1307 * (% style="color:red" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1308
1309 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1310
1311
1312 = 13. Packing Info =
1313
1314
1315 (((
1316 **Package Includes**:
1317 )))
1318
1319 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1320 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1321 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1322
1323 (((
1324 **Dimension and weight**:
1325 )))
1326
1327 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1328 * Weight: 450g
1329 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x 12 cm
1330 * Weight: 2.5kg
1331
1332 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1333
1334
1335 = 14. Support =
1336
1337
1338 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1339 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1340 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1341 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:  [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
1342
1343

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