Version 139.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/28 15:06
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13 **Table of Contents：**
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15 {{toc/}}
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27
28 = 1. Introduction =
29
30 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
31
32
33 (((
34 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
39 )))
40
41 (((
42 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
43 )))
44
45 (((
46 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
47 )))
48
49 (((
50 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
51
52
53 )))
54
55 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
56
57
58
59 == 1.2 Specifications ==
60
61
62 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
63
64 (((
65 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Linux Part:**
66 )))
67
68 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
69 * 64MB RAM
70 * 16MB Flash
71
72 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
73
74 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
75 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
76 * LoRaWAN Wireless
77 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
78 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
79 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
80 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
81 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
82
83 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
84
85 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
86 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
87 * Tx power:
88 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
89 ** 11b tx power: 18db
90 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
91 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
92 * Wifi Sensitivity
93 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
94 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
95
96 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
97
98 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
99 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
100 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
101 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
102 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
103 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
104 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
105 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
106
107 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
108
109 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
110 * Standard Size SIM Slot
111 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
112 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
113 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
114 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
115
116 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Power over Ethernet:**
117
118 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
119 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
120 * Thermal cut off.
121 * Short circuit protection.
122 * Over current protection
123 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
124 * Enhanced surge protection
125
126 == 1.3 Features ==
127
128
129 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
130 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
131 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
132 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
133 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
134 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
135 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
136 * Far seeing LED indicator
137 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
138 * External fiber glass antenna
139 * Auto-Provision
140 * Remote Monitoring
141 * 802.3af PoE
142 * IP65
143 * Lighting Protection
144 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
145
146 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
147
148
149 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
150
151
152 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
153
154
155 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
156
157
158 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
159
160
161 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
162
163
164 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
165
166 (((
167 (((
168 * (((
169 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
170 )))
171 )))
172
173 * (((
174 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
175 )))
176 * (((
177 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn't have Internet connection.
178
179
180
181 )))
182 )))
183
184 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
185
186
187 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
188
189
190 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
191
192
193
194 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
195
196
197 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
198
199
200 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
201
202 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
203
204
205 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
206
207
208 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
209
210 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
211
212 (% style="background-color:yellow" %) **dragino+dragino**
213
214 (((
215 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)**10.130.1.1**
216
217
218
219 )))
220
221 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
222
223
224 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
225
226
227 (((
228 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
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230
231
232 )))
233
234 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
235
236
237 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
238
239
240 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
241
242
243
244 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
245
246
247 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
248
249
250
251 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
252
253
254 **Web Interface**
255
256 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
257
258 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
259
260 or
261
262 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
263
264
265 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
266
267 The account details for Web Login are:
268
269 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
270
271 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
272
273
274 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
275
276
277
278 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
279
280 == 3.1 Overview ==
281
282
283 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
284
285 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
286 * **WiFi Client Mode**
287 * **WiFi AP Mode**
288 * **Cellular Mode**
289
290 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
291
292
293 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
294
295 [[image:1657089235431-309.png]]
296
297
298
299 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
300
301
302 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
303
304 (((
305 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
306 )))
307
308 [[image:1657089014716-109.png]]
309
310 (((
311 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
312
313
314
315 )))
316
317 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
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320 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
321
322 (((
323 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
324 )))
325
326 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
327
328
329 (((
330 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
331 )))
332
333 (((
334 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
335
336
337 )))
338
339 (((
340 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
341 )))
342
343 (((
344 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
345
346
347 )))
348
349 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** ***: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
350
351
352
353 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
354
355
356 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
357
358 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
359 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
360 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
361
362 [[image:1657089302970-101.png]]
363
364
365
366 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
367
368
369 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
370
371 (((
372 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
373 )))
374
375 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
376
377 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
378
379
380
381 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
382
383
384 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
385
386 (((
387 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
388 )))
389
390 (((
391 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
392 )))
393
394 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
395
396
397
398 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
399
400 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
401
402 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
403
404
405
406 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
407
408 (((
409 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
410
411
412 )))
413
414 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
415
416
417 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
418 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
419 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
420 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
421
422
423
424 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
425
426 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
427
428 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
429
430
431 Open the following page:
432
433 [[image:1657089352139-443.png]]
434
435
436 [[image:1657089363403-611.png]]
437
438
439 (((
440 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
441
442
443 )))
444
445 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
446
447 [[image:1657089571089-281.png]]
448
449
450
451 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
452
453
454 (((
455 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
456 )))
457
458 (((
459 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
460 )))
461
462 (((
463 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
464 )))
465
466 [[image:1657089586062-302.png]]
467
468
469 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
470
471 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
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473 [[image:1657089615405-484.png]]
474
475
476 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
477
478 [[image:1657089753667-298.png]]
479
480
481
482 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
483
484
485 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
486
487
488 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
489
490
491 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
492
493 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
494
495
496
497 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
498
499
500 (((
501 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
502 )))
503
504 (((
505 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
506 )))
507
508 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
509
510 (((
511 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
512 )))
513
514 (((
515 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
516 )))
517
518 * **DEV EUI** - Unique ID code for a particular device.
519 * **APP EUI** - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
520 * **APP Key** - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
521
522 (((
523
524
525 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
526 )))
527
528 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
529
530 (((
531 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
532 )))
533
534 (((
535 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
536 )))
537
538 (((
539 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
540 )))
541
542
543 [[image:1657089795213-689.png]]
544
545 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
546
547
548 Start Register the end device
549
550 [[image:1657089816539-483.png]]
551
552 (((
553 Select OTAA activation mode
554
555
556 )))
557
558 (((
559 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
560 )))
561
562 [[image:1657089833529-558.png]]
563
564
565 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
566
567 [[image:1657089845985-297.png]]
568
569
570 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
571
572 [[image:1657089868506-654.png]]
573
574
575 (((
576 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
577
578
579 )))
580
581 (((
582 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
583 )))
584
585 (((
586 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
587 )))
588
589 [[image:1657089884131-489.png]]
590
591
592 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
593
594 == 5.1 Home ==
595
596 Shows the system running status.
597
598 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
599
600
601 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
602
603 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
604
605 (((
606 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
607 )))
608
609 (((
610 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
611 )))
612
613 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
614 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
615
616 (((
617 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
618 )))
619
620 [[image:1657090007385-854.png]]
621
622 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
623
624
625 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
626
627 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
628
629 * No internet connection.
630 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
631
632 (((
633 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
634 )))
635
636 [[image:1657089993263-743.png]]
637
638
639 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
640
641 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
642
643 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
644
645 [[image:1657089950542-323.png]]
646
647 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
648
649 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
650
651 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
652
653 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
654
655
656 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
657
658 [[image:1657089933044-221.png]]
659
660
661 (((
662 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
663
664
665 )))
666
667 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
668
669 (((
670 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
671 )))
672
673 (((
674 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
675 )))
676
677 [[image:1657089965935-695.png]]
678
679
680 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
681
682 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
683
684 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
685
686
687 [[image:1657090037148-906.png]]
688
689
690 == 5.5 System ==
691
692 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
693
694 Shows the system info:
695
696 [[image:1657090055371-265.png]]
697
698
699 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
700
701 [[image:1657090070500-921.png]]
702
703 (((
704 **__System Password:__**
705 )))
706
707 (((
708 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
709 )))
710
711 (((
712 This page can be used to set the password for them.
713 )))
714
715 (((
716 **__Timezone: __**Set device timezone.
717 )))
718
719 (((
720 **__Port forwarding: __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
721
722
723 )))
724
725 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
726
727 [[image:1657090089790-368.png]]
728
729 (((
730 **__LAN Settings:  __**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N's own network.
731 )))
732
733 (((
734 __**WAN Settings: **__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
735 )))
736
737 (((
738 __**WiFi Settings:  **__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
739
740
741 )))
742
743 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
744
745 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
746
747 [[image:1657090107468-438.png]]
748
749
750 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
751
752 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
753
754 [[image:1657090204066-944.png]]
755
756
757 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
758
759
760 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
761
762 [[image:1657090227373-729.png]]
763
764
765 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
766
767 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
768
769 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
770
771 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
772
773 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
774
775 Please see this document for detail:
776
777 (((
778 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
779 )))
780
781
782 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
783
784 [[image:1657090254561-321.png]]
785
786
787 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
788
789 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
790
791 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
792
793 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
794
795
796 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
797
798 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
799
800
801 (((
802 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
803 )))
804
805 (((
806 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
807 )))
808
809 [[image:1657090275952-901.png]]
810
811 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
812
813
814 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
815
816 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
817
818 [[image:1657090298354-928.png]]
819
820 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
821
822 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
823
824 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
825
826
827 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
828
829
830 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
831
832 [[image:1657090333476-926.png]]
833
834 (((
835
836 )))
837
838 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
839
840 [[image:1657090378640-879.png]]
841
842 [[image:1657090349947-814.png]]
843
844 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
845
846
847 == 5.6 LogRead ==
848
849 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
850
851
852 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
853
854 [[image:1657090412413-660.png]]
855
856
857
858 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
859
860 Show the system log
861
862 [[image:1657090485508-496.png]]
863
864
865 = 6. More features =
866
867 == 6.1 More instructions ==
868
869 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
870
871
872 = 7. Linux System =
873
874 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
875
876
877 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
878
879 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
880
881 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
882
883 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
884
885 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
886
887 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
888
889 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
890
891 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
892
893 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
894
895 [[image:1657090508015-884.png]]
896
897
898 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
899
900 (((
901 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
902 )))
903
904 (((
905 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
906 )))
907
908 (((
909 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
910 )))
911
912 (((
913 Screenshot is as below:
914 )))
915
916 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
917
918
919 == 7.3 File System ==
920
921 (((
922 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
923 )))
924
925 (((
926 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
927 )))
928
929 (((
930 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
931 )))
932
933
934 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
935
936 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
937
938 (((
939 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
940 )))
941
942 (((
943 **In Linux Console run:**
944 )))
945
946 (((
947 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
948 )))
949
950 (((
951 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
952 )))
953
954 (((
955 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
956 )))
957
958 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
959
960
961 (((
962 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
963 )))
964
965 (((
966 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
967 )))
968
969 (((
970 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
971 )))
972
973 (((
974 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
975 )))
976
977 (((
978 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
979 )))
980
981 (((
982 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
983 )))
984
985 (((
986 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
987
988
989 )))
990
991 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
992
993
994 = 9. FAQ =
995
996 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
997
998 (((
999 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1000 )))
1001
1002 (((
1003
1004 )))
1005
1006 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
1007
1008 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
1009
1010
1011 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1012
1013 (((
1014 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1015 )))
1016
1017 (((
1018 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1019 )))
1020
1021
1022 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1023
1024 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1025
1026
1027 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
1028
1029 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1030
1031 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1032
1033 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1034
1035 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1036
1037 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1038
1039 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1040
1041 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1042
1043 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1044
1045 (((
1046 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1047 )))
1048
1049 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1050
1051
1052 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1053
1054 (((
1055 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1056 )))
1057
1058 (((
1059
1060 )))
1061
1062 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1063
1064 [[image:1657090540821-317.png]]
1065
1066 (((
1067 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1068 )))
1069
1070 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1071
1072
1073 (((
1074 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1075 )))
1076
1077 (((
1078 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to DLOS8N's WAN port
1079 )))
1080
1081 (((
1082 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1083 )))
1084
1085 (((
1086 As below photo:
1087 )))
1088
1089 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1090
1091 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1092
1093 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1094
1095
1096 = 11. Order Info =
1097
1098 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1099
1100 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1101
1102 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1103 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %):  valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1104
1105 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1106
1107 * (% style="color:red" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1108 * (% style="color:red" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1109 * (% style="color:red" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1110 * (% style="color:red" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1111
1112 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1113
1114
1115
1116 = 12. Packing Info =
1117
1118 (((
1119 **Package Includes**:
1120 )))
1121
1122 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1123 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1124 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1125
1126 (((
1127 **Dimension and weight**:
1128 )))
1129
1130 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1131 * Weight: 450g
1132 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
1133 * Weight: 2.5kg
1134
1135 = 13. Support =
1136
1137 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1138 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1139 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1140 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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