Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2024/09/21 09:44
<
From version < 74.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/13 18:04
To version < 79.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/13 18:38
>
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Summary

Details

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Content
... ... @@ -19,24 +19,35 @@
19 19  
20 20  == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
21 21  
22 +(((
22 22  The DLOS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway. (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
24 +)))
23 23  
26 +(((
24 24  DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.
28 +)))
25 25  
30 +(((
26 26  DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
32 +)))
27 27  
34 +(((
28 28  DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
36 +)))
29 29  
38 +(((
30 30  DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) auto-provision (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
40 +)))
31 31  
32 32  [[image:1652411526195-923.png]]
33 33  
34 -
35 35  == 1.2 Specifications ==
36 36  
37 37  **Hardware System:**
38 38  
48 +(((
39 39   Linux Part:
50 +)))
40 40  
41 41  * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
42 42  * 64MB RAM
... ... @@ -117,14 +117,12 @@
117 117  
118 118  == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
119 119  
120 -[[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="425" width="732"]]
131 +[[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
121 121  
122 -
123 123  == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
124 124  
125 125  [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
126 126  
127 -
128 128  == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
129 129  
130 130  [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
... ... @@ -147,7 +147,6 @@
147 147  )))
148 148  )))
149 149  
150 -
151 151  == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
152 152  
153 153  DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
... ... @@ -154,7 +154,6 @@
154 154  
155 155  [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
156 156  
157 -
158 158  = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
159 159  
160 160  The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
... ... @@ -165,7 +165,6 @@
165 165  
166 166  [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
167 167  
168 -
169 169  At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
170 170  
171 171  [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
... ... @@ -172,17 +172,19 @@
172 172  
173 173  (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
174 174  
181 +(((
175 175  User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
183 +)))
176 176  
177 -
178 178  === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
179 179  
180 180  [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
181 181  
182 182  
190 +(((
183 183  Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
192 +)))
184 184  
185 -
186 186  === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
187 187  
188 188  [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
... ... @@ -190,12 +190,10 @@
190 190  
191 191  If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
192 192  
193 -
194 194  === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
195 195  
196 196  The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
197 197  
198 -
199 199  == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
200 200  
201 201  **Web Interface**
... ... @@ -219,9 +219,6 @@
219 219  
220 220  [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
221 221  
222 -
223 -
224 -
225 225  = 3. Typical Network Setup =
226 226  
227 227  == 3.1 Overview ==
... ... @@ -239,53 +239,56 @@
239 239  
240 240  [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
241 241  
242 -
243 243  == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
244 244  
245 245  In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
246 246  
249 +(((
247 247  The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
251 +)))
248 248  
249 249  [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
250 250  
251 -
255 +(((
252 252  In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
257 +)))
253 253  
254 -
255 255  == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
256 256  
257 257  If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
258 258  
259 -
263 +(((
260 260  First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
265 +)))
261 261  
262 262  [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
263 263  
264 264  
265 -[[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="450" width="766"]]
270 +[[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
266 266  
267 -
272 +(((
268 268  The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
274 +)))
269 269  
270 270  
277 +(((
271 271  While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
279 +)))
272 272  
273 273  [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
274 274  
275 275  (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
276 276  
277 -
278 278  == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
279 279  
280 280  In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
281 281  
282 -* GREEN Tick ​​​​[[image:1652421151598-130.png||height="23" width="24"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
283 -* Yellow Tick  [[image:1652421168047-470.png||height="22" width="21"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
284 -* RED Cross   [[image:1652421179500-890.png||height="24" width="27"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
289 +* GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
290 +* Yellow Tick   [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
291 +* RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
285 285  
286 286  [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
287 287  
288 -
289 289  = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
290 290  
291 291  DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
... ... @@ -296,12 +296,13 @@
296 296  
297 297  [[T>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]heThingsNetwork v3(T[[TN>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] v3[[)>>url:http://)]][[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
298 298  
299 -
300 300  == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
301 301  
302 302  (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
303 303  
309 +(((
304 304  Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
311 +)))
305 305  
306 306  [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
307 307  
... ... @@ -345,7 +345,6 @@
345 345  
346 346  [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
347 347  
348 -
349 349  == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
350 350  
351 351  You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
... ... @@ -366,7 +366,6 @@
366 366  
367 367  [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
368 368  
369 -
370 370  == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
371 371  
372 372  We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
... ... @@ -378,33 +378,56 @@
378 378  
379 379   [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
380 380  
386 +== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
381 381  
382 -4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device
383 -
388 +(((
384 384  This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
390 +)))
385 385  
392 +(((
386 386  We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
394 +)))
387 387  
388 388  [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
389 389  
398 +(((
390 390  (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
400 +)))
391 391  
402 +(((
392 392  Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
404 +)))
393 393  
394 394  * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
395 395  * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
396 396  * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
397 397  
410 +(((
398 398  A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
412 +)))
399 399  
400 400  [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
401 401  
402 402  
417 +(((
403 403  (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
419 +)))
404 404  
421 +(((
422 +
423 +)))
424 +
425 +(((
405 405  For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
427 +)))
406 406  
429 +(((
430 +
431 +)))
432 +
433 +(((
407 407  Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
435 +)))
408 408  
409 409  [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
410 410  
... ... @@ -414,10 +414,14 @@
414 414  
415 415  [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
416 416  
445 +(((
417 417  Select OTAA activation mode
447 +)))
418 418  
419 419  
450 +(((
420 420  The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
452 +)))
421 421  
422 422  [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
423 423  
... ... @@ -429,16 +429,21 @@
429 429  
430 430  [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
431 431  
464 +(((
432 432  Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
466 +)))
433 433  
434 434  
469 +(((
435 435  (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
471 +)))
436 436  
473 +(((
437 437  (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
475 +)))
438 438  
439 439  [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
440 440  
441 -
442 442  = 5. Web Configure Pages =
443 443  
444 444  == 5.1 Home ==
... ... @@ -447,19 +447,24 @@
447 447  
448 448  [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
449 449  
450 -
451 451  == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
452 452  
453 453  === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
454 454  
491 +(((
455 455  This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
493 +)))
456 456  
495 +(((
457 457  Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
497 +)))
458 458  
459 459  * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
460 460  * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
461 461  
502 +(((
462 462  After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
504 +)))
463 463  
464 464  [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
465 465  
... ... @@ -467,7 +467,6 @@
467 467  
468 468  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
469 469  
470 -
471 471  === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
472 472  
473 473  The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
... ... @@ -475,11 +475,12 @@
475 475  * No internet connection.
476 476  * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]).
477 477  
519 +(((
478 478  Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
521 +)))
479 479  
480 480  [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
481 481  
482 -
483 483  == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
484 484  
485 485  === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
... ... @@ -496,23 +496,26 @@
496 496  
497 497  See :[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
498 498  
499 -
500 500  === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
501 501  
502 502  [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
503 503  
545 +(((
504 504  Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]
547 +)))
505 505  
506 -
507 507  === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
508 508  
551 +(((
509 509  Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
553 +)))
510 510  
555 +(((
511 511  Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
557 +)))
512 512  
513 513  [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
514 514  
515 -
516 516  == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
517 517  
518 518  If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
... ... @@ -523,7 +523,6 @@
523 523  
524 524  [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
525 525  
526 -
527 527  == 5.5 System ==
528 528  
529 529  === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
... ... @@ -532,59 +532,54 @@
532 532  
533 533  [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
534 534  
535 -
536 536  === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
537 537  
538 538  [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
539 539  
583 +(((
540 540  **__System Password:__**
585 +)))
541 541  
587 +(((
542 542  There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
589 +)))
543 543  
591 +(((
544 544  This page can be used to set the password for them.
593 +)))
545 545  
546 546  (((
547 547  
548 548  )))
549 549  
550 -**__Timezone:__**
599 +(((
600 +**__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
601 +)))
551 551  
552 -Set device timezone.
553 -
554 554  (((
555 555  
556 556  )))
557 557  
558 -**__Port forwarding:__**
607 +(((
608 +**__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
609 +)))
559 559  
560 -Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
561 -
562 -
563 563  === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
564 564  
565 565  [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
566 566  
567 -**__LAN Settings:__**
615 +(((
616 +**__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
617 +)))
568 568  
569 -When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
570 -
571 571  (((
572 -
620 +__**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
573 573  )))
574 574  
575 -__**WAN Settings:**__
576 -
577 -Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
578 -
579 579  (((
580 -
624 +__**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
581 581  )))
582 582  
583 -__**WiFi Settings:**__
584 -
585 -Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
586 -
587 -
588 588  === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
589 589  
590 590  DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
... ... @@ -640,10 +640,13 @@
640 640  
641 641  ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
642 642  
643 -
682 +(((
644 644  The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
684 +)))
645 645  
686 +(((
646 646  (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
688 +)))
647 647  
648 648  [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
649 649  
... ... @@ -655,7 +655,6 @@
655 655  
656 656  [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
657 657  
658 -
659 659  (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
660 660  
661 661  SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
... ... @@ -664,7 +664,6 @@
664 664  
665 665  (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
666 666  
667 -
668 668  === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
669 669  
670 670  [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
... ... @@ -679,10 +679,6 @@
679 679  
680 680  Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
681 681  
682 -(((
683 -
684 -)))
685 -
686 686  == 5.6 LogRead ==
687 687  
688 688  === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
... ... @@ -691,10 +691,6 @@
691 691  
692 692  Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
693 693  
694 -(((
695 -
696 -)))
697 -
698 698  === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
699 699  
700 700  Show the system log
... ... @@ -701,7 +701,6 @@
701 701  
702 702  [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
703 703  
704 -
705 705  = 6. More features =
706 706  
707 707  == 6.1 More instructions ==
... ... @@ -708,10 +708,6 @@
708 708  
709 709  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction]]
710 710  
711 -(((
712 -
713 -)))
714 -
715 715  = 7. Linux System =
716 716  
717 717  The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
... ... @@ -736,16 +736,23 @@
736 736  
737 737  [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
738 738  
739 -
740 740  == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
741 741  
768 +(((
742 742  The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
770 +)))
743 743  
772 +(((
744 744  In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
774 +)))
745 745  
776 +(((
746 746  After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
778 +)))
747 747  
780 +(((
748 748  Screenshot is as below:
782 +)))
749 749  
750 750  [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
751 751  
... ... @@ -752,11 +752,25 @@
752 752  
753 753  == 7.3 File System ==
754 754  
789 +(((
755 755  The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
791 +)))
756 756  
793 +(((
794 +
795 +)))
796 +
797 +(((
757 757  The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
799 +)))
758 758  
801 +(((
802 +
803 +)))
804 +
805 +(((
759 759  You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
807 +)))
760 760  
761 761  
762 762  == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
... ... @@ -763,9 +763,13 @@
763 763  
764 764  DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
765 765  
814 +(((
766 766  Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
816 +)))
767 767  
818 +(((
768 768  **In Linux Console run:**
820 +)))
769 769  
770 770  (((
771 771  (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
... ... @@ -817,9 +817,13 @@
817 817  
818 818  == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
819 819  
872 +(((
820 820  See below link for how to customize frequency band:
874 +)))
821 821  
876 +(((
822 822  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
878 +)))
823 823  
824 824  
825 825  == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
... ... @@ -829,9 +829,13 @@
829 829  
830 830  == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
831 831  
888 +(((
832 832  Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
890 +)))
833 833  
892 +(((
834 834  The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
894 +)))
835 835  
836 836  
837 837  == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
... ... @@ -857,7 +857,9 @@
857 857  
858 858   (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
859 859  
920 +(((
860 860  In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
922 +)))
861 861  
862 862  (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
863 863  
... ... @@ -864,9 +864,13 @@
864 864  
865 865  == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
866 866  
929 +(((
867 867  Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:
931 +)))
868 868  
933 +(((
869 869  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway]]
935 +)))
870 870  
871 871  
872 872  == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
... ... @@ -873,7 +873,9 @@
873 873  
874 874  [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
875 875  
942 +(((
876 876  The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
944 +)))
877 877  
878 878  (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
879 879  
... ... @@ -916,19 +916,22 @@
916 916  
917 917  = 12. Packing Info =
918 918  
987 +(((
919 919  **Package Includes**:
989 +)))
920 920  
921 921  * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
922 922  * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
923 923  * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
924 924  
995 +(((
925 925  **Dimension and weight**:
997 +)))
926 926  
927 927  * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
928 928  * Weight: 187g
929 929  * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
930 930  * Weight: 300g
931 -*
932 932  
933 933  = 13. Support =
934 934  
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