Changes for page ThingsBoard
Last modified by Dilisi S on 2025/04/23 19:23
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... ... @@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ 23 23 24 24 * ThingsBoard cloud account 25 25 * MQTT Broker (public or private) such as, 26 -** [[ThingsBoard MQTT broker>>https://thingsboard.io/docs/mqtt-broker/]] (TBMQ) 27 27 ** **[[HiveMQ Cloud>>https://www.hivemq.com]] - You can create a free account to try it or subscribe for a paid account. - We use HiveMQ Cloud as the MQTT broker to build example in this tutorial.** 28 -** [[emqx>>https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker]] - The public MQTT server is only used for M QTT learning and testing, and should not be used in the production environment.27 +** [[emqx>>https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker]] - The public MQTT server is only used for MOTT learning and testing, and should not be used in the production environment. 29 29 ** [[lns1.thingseye.io>>http://lns1.thingseye.io/]] - This is Dragino's MQTT broker, which requires a CA certificate to use. 30 30 31 31 == 2.1 ThingsBoard Cloud == ... ... @@ -68,19 +68,11 @@ 68 68 [[image:thingsboard-6.png||height="244" width="500"]] 69 69 70 70 71 -== 2.2 MQ TTBrokers==70 +== 2.2 HiveMQ Cloud == 72 72 73 - Thissectionintroduces someMQTTbrokers that you can use to publish messages from the device side and subscribe from the ThingsBoardside.72 +=== 2.2.1 HiveMQ Cloud === 74 74 75 75 76 -=== 2.2.1 ThingsBoard MQTT broker (TBMQ) === 77 - 78 -The complete instructions for installing, configuring, and using the TBMQ can be found [[here>>https://thingsboard.io/docs/mqtt-broker/getting-started/]]. 79 - 80 - 81 -=== 2.2.2 HiveMQ Cloud === 82 - 83 - 84 84 Go to [[https:~~/~~/www.hivemq.com>>https://www.hivemq.com]] 85 85 86 86 Click on the **Start Free** button. ... ... @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ 155 155 You will need these MQTT connection parameters when configuring the MQTT integration in the '**Add Integration**' section. 156 156 157 157 158 -=== 2.2. 3emqx ===149 +=== 2.2.2 emqx === 159 159 160 160 161 161 The [[emqx>>https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker]] public MQTT server is only used for MOTT learning and testing, and should not be used in the production environment. ... ... @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ 164 164 [[image:emqx.png||height="420" width="500"]] 165 165 166 166 167 -=== 2.2. 4Ins1.thingseye.io ===158 +=== 2.2.3 Ins1.thingseye.io === 168 168 169 169 [[lns1.thingseye.io>>http://lns1.thingseye.io/]] is the Dragino's MQTT broker, which requires a CA certificate file, Certificate file, and the Private key file to use. 170 170 ... ... @@ -173,18 +173,37 @@ 173 173 [[image:ins1.png||height="310" width="500"]] 174 174 175 175 167 += 3. Creating Devices (Optional) = 176 176 177 -= 3. Data Converters = 169 +{{info}} 170 +**The following procedure is optional. If you haven't created any device in ThingsBoard first, ThingsBoard will automatically create a device for you based on the integration settings (the device name defined in the uplink decoder) just after it receives the first uplink from your device.Type your information message here.** 171 +{{/info}} 178 178 173 +First, you need to create devices in ThingsBoard to represent your physical devices. For example, you can name it **Device A**, and the second device could be **Device B** or any name you prefer. The device name should be unique within the **Devices** space. 179 179 180 -In **ThingsBoard**, **Data Converters** are components used to transform incoming or outgoing data between different formats, typically to convert raw telemetry data from devices into a structured format that ThingsBoard can understand, or vice versa. 181 181 182 - **In this section,you will createa universal uplink data converterfor all Dragino NB-IoT devices. The uplinkdecoder converts any MQTT message coming from a device into key-value pairs that can beusedtodisplay and visualizedata usingvarious widgetson the dashboard**.176 +In the left navigation, click **Entities -> Devices**. 183 183 178 +Click the **Add Device** button (the button with the **+** sign), and from the dropdown menu, click **Add new device**. 184 184 185 - ==3.1Uplink==180 +In the **Add new device** dialog box, enter the device name in the **Name** text box. For example, we will use **Device A**. 186 186 182 +Click the **Add** button. 187 187 184 +Skip the **connectivity testing** by clicking the **Close** button. 185 + 186 +The device is created and listed on the **Devices** page. Note that its initial state is **Inactive** because it has not received any data yet. 187 + 188 + 189 += 4. Data Converters = 190 + 191 + 192 +In **ThingsBoard**, **Data Converters** are components used to transform incoming or outgoing data between different formats, typically to convert raw telemetry data from devices into a structured format that ThingsBoard can understand, or vice versa. 193 + 194 + 195 +== 4.1 Uplink == 196 + 197 + 188 188 In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Data converters**. 189 189 190 190 ... ... @@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ 191 191 [[image:data-converters-list-empty.png]] 192 192 193 193 194 -On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on 204 +On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on the **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu. 195 195 196 196 197 197 ... ... @@ -198,67 +198,79 @@ 198 198 [[image:create-new-converter-menu.png||height="259" width="500"]] 199 199 200 200 201 -The **Add data converter** window appear s.211 +The **Add data converter** window will appear. 202 202 203 -Name it ‘**MQTT Uplink Converter**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**. 213 +Let's create an uplink data converter for the device named '**Device A**'. Name it ‘**MQTT Uplink Converter - Device A**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**. 204 204 205 205 Click on the **TBEL** button if it has not been selected by default. 206 206 207 - Replacethe default TBELdecoderfunctionwiththefollowinguniversalTBELdecoderfunction,whichdecodesMQTT payload from any Dragino NB-IoTdevice.217 +Modify the default TBEL function to match with your device as described below: 208 208 209 209 220 +* Uncomment** line 11**: 221 + 222 +//var data = decodeToJson(payload)// 223 + 224 + 225 +* **Line 13**: Assign your device name to the **deviceName** field. - We used **Device A** as it is to match with our device, **Device A **in the Devices section. 226 +* From **line 38**: Modify the telemetry section to allow parsed data to be assigned to the fields. 227 + 228 +//telemetry: { 229 + temperature: data.temperature, 230 + humidity: data.humidity, 231 + rawData: payloadStr 232 + }// 233 + 234 + 235 +The modified uplink decoder function to match with **Device A** is shown below. 236 + 210 210 {{code language="JavaScript"}} 238 +// Decode an uplink message from a buffer 239 +// payload - array of bytes 240 +// metadata - key/value object 241 + 242 +/** Decoder **/ 243 + 244 +// decode payload to string 245 +var payloadStr = decodeToString(payload); 246 + 211 211 // decode payload to JSON 212 -var pattern = "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"; 213 -var objdata = {}; 214 -var obj1 = {}; 215 215 var data = decodeToJson(payload); 216 -var deviceName = data.IMEI; 217 -data.remove("IMEI"); 218 -var modelname = "Dragino "+ data.Model; 219 -//var mod = data.mod 220 -data.remove("Model"); 221 -//delete data.mod 222 -var timestamp = new Date().getTime(); 223 -foreach (entry: data.entrySet()) { 224 - var key = entry.getKey(); 225 - var value = entry.getValue(); 226 - //objdata[key] = data[key] 227 - if(key.matches("^-?\\d+$")){ //is number 228 - obj1[key]=data[key]; 229 - var index = obj1[key].length-1; 230 - obj1[key][index]=new Date(obj1[key][index],pattern).getTime(); 231 - } 232 - else if (key==="bat"||key==="BAT"){ 233 - objdata["battery"] = data[key]; 234 - } 235 - else{ 236 - objdata[key] = data[key]; 237 -}} 238 -var listdata = [{"ts":timestamp,"values":objdata}]; 239 -foreach ( entry1: obj1.entrySet()){ 240 - var key1 = entry1.getKey(); 241 - var value1 = entry1.getValue(); 242 - var index = obj1[key1].length-1; 243 - var ts = obj1[key1][index]; 244 - if (modelname=="Dragino RS485-NB"){ 245 - listdata.push({"ts":ts,"values":{"Payload":obj1[key1][0]}}); 246 - } 247 - else{ 248 - listdata.push({"ts":ts,"values":{"values":obj1[key1]}}); 249 - } 250 -} 251 - var result = { 252 - deviceName: deviceName, 253 - deviceType: modelname, 254 - attributes: { 255 - model: modelname 256 - //customerName: "NB-CB", 257 - //groupName: "NB-CB", 258 - //integrationName: metadata['integrationName'] 259 - }, 260 - telemetry: listdata 249 + 250 +var deviceName = 'Device A'; 251 +var deviceType = 'thermostat'; 252 +var customerName = 'Customer C'; 253 +var groupName = 'thermostat devices'; 254 +var manufacturer = 'Example corporation'; 255 +// use assetName and assetType instead of deviceName and deviceType 256 +// to automatically create assets instead of devices. 257 +// var assetName = 'Asset A'; 258 +// var assetType = 'building'; 259 + 260 +// Result object with device/asset attributes/telemetry data 261 +var result = { 262 +// Use deviceName and deviceType or assetName and assetType, but not both. 263 + deviceName: deviceName, 264 + deviceType: deviceType, 265 +// assetName: assetName, 266 +// assetType: assetType, 267 +// customerName: customerName, 268 + groupName: groupName, 269 + attributes: { 270 + model: 'Model A', 271 + serialNumber: 'SN111', 272 + integrationName: metadata['integrationName'], 273 + manufacturer: manufacturer 274 + }, 275 + telemetry: { 276 + temperature: data.temperature, 277 + humidity: data.humidity, 278 + rawData: payloadStr 279 + } 261 261 }; 281 + 282 +/** Helper functions 'decodeToString' and 'decodeToJson' are already built-in **/ 283 + 262 262 return result; 263 263 {{/code}} 264 264 ... ... @@ -266,18 +266,18 @@ 266 266 Once you modify the decoder function, click on the **Add** button. 267 267 268 268 269 -[[image:mqtt-uplink-converter.png||height="498" width="500"]] 270 270 292 +[[image:ul-data-converter-device-a.png||height="524" width="500"]] 271 271 272 272 273 273 You should see that the newly added **MQTT Uplink converter **NB/CB is listed on the **Data Converters** page. 274 274 275 275 298 +[[image:ul-data-converter-added.png||height="257"]] 276 276 277 -[[image:data-converters-list.png]] 278 278 279 279 280 -= 4. Add Integration =302 += 5. Add Integration = 281 281 282 282 283 283 In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Integrations**. ... ... @@ -297,17 +297,18 @@ 297 297 **Basic settings:** 298 298 299 299 * **Integration type**: MQTT 300 -* **Name**: MQTT integration 322 +* **Name**: MQTT integration - Device A 301 301 * **Enable integration**: YES 302 -* **Allow create devices or assets**: YES 324 +* **Allows create devices or assets**: YES 303 303 304 304 Click **Next** button. 305 305 306 306 329 +[[image:add-integration-basic-settings.png||height="504" width="500"]] 307 307 308 -[[image:add-integration-part-1.png||height="483" width="500"]] 309 309 310 310 333 + 311 311 **Uplink data converter:** 312 312 313 313 * Click on the **Select existing** button. ... ... @@ -316,8 +316,8 @@ 316 316 Click **Next** button. 317 317 318 318 342 +[[image:add-integration-ul-data-converter.png||height="505" width="500"]] 319 319 320 -[[image:add-integration-part-2.png||height="484" width="500"]] 321 321 322 322 323 323 **Downlink data converter:** ... ... @@ -335,16 +335,16 @@ 335 335 336 336 **Connection:** 337 337 338 -* **Host**: Host URL (Eg ,**//011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud//**)339 -* **Port**: 8883 (the port number may differ based on your MQTT broker)361 +* **Host**: Host URL (Eg. **//011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud//**) 362 +* **Port**: 8883 340 340 * **Credentials type**: Basic 341 341 * **Username**: Username (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials) 342 342 * **Password:** Password (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials) 343 343 * **Enable SSL**: YES 344 -* **Topic **:#(the#symbolindicates thatitfiltersall topics).367 +* **Topic: device/a** (The topic can be anything; you can even use just the device name.) 345 345 * **QoS:** 0-At most once 346 346 347 -[[image:add-integ ration-4.png||height="484" width="500"]]370 +[[image:add-integartion-connection.png||height="505" width="500"]] 348 348 349 349 350 350 Click on the **Advanced settings** button. ... ... @@ -374,59 +374,50 @@ 374 374 Since we haven't received data from a device yet, the integration **Status** is shown as **Pending.** 375 375 376 376 400 +[[image:integration-added.png]] 377 377 378 -[[image:integrations-pending.png]] 379 379 380 380 381 -= 5. Verifying the receipt of data from virtual devices =404 += 6. Verifying the receipt of data from virtual devices = 382 382 383 383 384 -== 5.1 How does it work? ==407 +== 6.1 How does it work? == 385 385 386 386 387 387 We use the Mosquitto MQTT client to simulate MQTT messages, acting as a virtual device. First, install the Mosquitto client on your computer from [[this link>>url:https://mosquitto.org/download/]]. The Mosquitto client publishes messages to the MQTT broker (HiveMQ) on a specified MQTT topic. ThingsBoard subscribes to these messages using the same topic. 388 388 389 -The Mosquitto client publishes messages (payloads) toatopic- for example, # ordevice/ts01-nb.You can, of course, use any topicyou prefer.412 +The Mosquitto client publishes messages (payloads) on the topic **/device/a**. Of course, you can use any topic for testing. 390 390 414 +(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows: 391 391 392 -(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows. The **IMEI **and **Model **are mandatory fields. For other fields, you can use any number of key-value pairs. 393 - 394 394 {{code language="none"}} 395 -{"IMEI":"350693903995577", " Model":"TS01-NB", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}417 +{"IMEI": "350693903995577", "temperature":25, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005} 396 396 {{/code}} 397 397 420 +Once ThingsBoard receives this message, it forwards this payload to the matching device through the integration. 398 398 422 + 399 399 == 5.2 Sending messages == 400 400 401 401 402 -On your computer's terminal, issue the following MQTT command ,which simulates the devicenamed'**350693903995577'**. The message payload contains the fields IMEI,Model,temperature, humidity, and pressure, which hold the values 350693903995577,TS01-NB,30, 80, and 1005 respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.426 +On your computer's terminal, issue the following MQTT command which simulates the device '**Device A'**. The message payload contains the fields IMEI, temperature, humidity, and pressure, which hold the values 350693903995577, 30, 80, and 1005 respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry. 403 403 404 404 {{code language="none"}} 405 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/ 350693903995577" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "Model":"TS01-NB", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'429 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}' 406 406 {{/code}} 407 407 408 -If the integration was performed without errors, a newdevicemed **350693903995577 **is createdinthe**Devices**section.432 +If the integration was performed without errors, the status of the integration changes to 'Active' after the first telemetry transmission. 409 409 410 410 411 -[[image:ne w-device-1.png]]435 +[[image:integration-active.png]] 412 412 413 413 414 - Thestatusof theintegrationalso changesto '**Active**' after the first telemetry transmission.438 +== 6.3 Viewing messages == 415 415 416 416 417 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-04-21 122154.png]] 418 - 419 - 420 - 421 -**When ThingsBoard receives this message for the first time, it will automatically create a new device named '350693903995577' in the Devices section. The device name is based on the IMEI number. For subsequent messages with the same IMEI, no duplicate devices will be created. Each new IMEI number will result in a unique entry in the Devices section, representing a physical device.** 422 - 423 - 424 -== 5.3 Viewing messages == 425 - 426 - 427 427 Go back to the **Integrations** page. 428 428 429 -Click on the **MQTT integration** in the **Integrations** page to see its details. 443 +Click on the **MQTT integration NB/CB** in the **Integrations** page to see its details. 430 430 431 431 Click on the **Edit** button (//**pen icon**//). 432 432 ... ... @@ -439,10 +439,11 @@ 439 439 Then click on the **Apply changes** (//**tick icon**//) button. 440 440 441 441 456 +[[image:debug-enabled.png||height="301" width="700"]] 442 442 443 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-04-21 122936.png||height="247" width="500"]] 444 444 445 445 460 + 446 446 Now go to the **Events** tab. 447 447 448 448 Select the **Event type** as **Debug** from the dropdown list. ... ... @@ -450,23 +450,28 @@ 450 450 Publish another message (of course, you can repeat the previous message by pressing the UP arrow on your keyboard and then press Enter key) to your MQTT broker from your terminal, for example: 451 451 452 452 {{code language="none"}} 453 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/ 350693903995577" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "Model":"TS01-NB", "temperature":30, "humidity":82, "pressure":1005}'468 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}' 454 454 {{/code}} 455 455 456 456 Now you can see that uplink message in the **Events** tab (Click the **refresh** button if you didn't see any messages in the Events tab). The status should be **OK **if there is no errors in your integration. 457 457 458 458 474 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-26 at 19.49.31.png]] 475 + 476 + 477 + 459 459 Then click on the **three dots (...)** in the **Message** column. You can see the uplink message's **payload** in the **Message** window. 460 460 461 461 481 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-26 at 19.47.52.png]] 462 462 463 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-04-21 122909.png]] 464 464 465 465 485 + 466 466 Now, you have successfully tested your integration with a simulated uplink payload and verified that it is received by ThingsBoard, and the device is provisioned. 467 467 468 468 469 -= 6. Creating a Dashboard =489 += 7. Creating a Dashboard = 470 470 471 471 ThingsBoard **Dashboards** provide a powerful way to visualize and monitor real-time and historical data from connected devices. They allow users to create interactive, customizable panels displaying telemetry data, device status, and other key metrics. With a variety of widgets, including charts, maps, and tables, dashboards help users gain insights, track trends, and manage IoT deployments efficiently. 472 472 ... ... @@ -474,6 +474,11 @@ 474 474 This section guides you on how to create a dashboard to display temperature and humidity data from the device on a time-series chart. You may also use other widgets in ThingsBoard to display data according to your requirements. 475 475 476 476 497 +First simulate a few messages using MQTT. This time, we have added the 'humidity' field to the payload. Eg: 498 + 499 +{{code language="none"}}mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":22, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'{{/code}} 500 + 501 + 477 477 In **ThingsBoard**, from the left navigation menu, click **Dashboards**. Then, click the **+** button and select **Create new dashboard** from the dropdown menu. 478 478 479 479 ... ... @@ -509,38 +509,41 @@ 509 509 510 510 Configure the **Time series chart** widget as follows: 511 511 512 -* **Datasource** - select ** 350693903995577**you provisioned.537 +* **Datasource** - select **Device A** device you provisioned. 513 513 * **Series**: 514 514 ** **temperature** - you can see this key by default. 515 -** **humidity** - Click **Add series** button. Then choose **humidity** for the key, and then type **%** as its unit. 516 -** pressure - Click **Add series** button. Then choose **humidity** for the key, and then type Pa as its unit. 540 +** **humidity** - Click **Add series** button. Then add the **humidity** for the key and then type **%** as its unit. 517 517 * Click on the **Add** button. 518 518 519 -{{info}} 520 -You can add only the relevant fields from the device's payload to display data on a widget. These fields are called 'keys'. 521 -{{/info}} 522 522 544 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-31 at 06.51.15.png||height="485" width="700"]] 523 523 524 524 525 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-04-21 123647.png||height="466" width="700"]] 526 - 527 - 528 528 The time-series chart will appear in edit mode. Resize it by clicking and dragging the lower-right corner. 529 529 530 530 Click the **Save** button to add the widget to the dashboard. 531 531 532 532 533 -[[image: Screenshot 2025-04-21 124145.png||height="443" width="700"]]552 +[[image:timeseries-3.png||height="347" width="700"]] 534 534 535 535 536 - **Now sendafew MQTT messages from the terminal to simulate the data.Use different values for temperature, humidity, and pressure in each message.**555 +Now send the following MQTT messages from the terminal to simulate the data. 537 537 538 -**The chart will update with the values in real time, and you will see a live chart similar to this:** 539 539 558 +{{code language="none"}} 559 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":22, "humidity":70, "pressure":1005}' 540 540 541 - [[image:Screenshot2025-04-21 124054.png||height="441"width="700"]]561 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":27, "humidity":72, "pressure":1005}' 542 542 563 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":19, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}' 564 +{{/code}} 543 543 566 +The chart will update with the values in realtime, as shown in the below image. 567 + 568 + 569 +[[image:timeseries-4.png||height="316" width="700"]] 570 + 571 + 544 544 = 8. Configure Physical NB-IoT Sensor = 545 545 546 546 ... ... @@ -552,8 +552,8 @@ 552 552 **AT Commands** 553 553 554 554 * **AT+PRO=3,3 **~/~/ Use MQTT to connect to ThingsBoard. Payload Type set to 3. 555 -* **AT+SUBTOPIC=<MQTT subscribe topic> Eg: #-You can leave the SUBTOPIC configuration as it is, since we are not sending downlink messages to the device at the moment.556 -* **AT+PUBTOPIC=<MQTT publish topic> Eg: #**583 +* **AT+SUBTOPIC=<MQTT subscribe topic> Eg: TS01-NB** 584 +* **AT+PUBTOPIC=<MQTT publish topic> Eg: TS01-NB** 557 557 * **AT+CLIENT=null** 558 558 * **AT+UNAME=<MQTT Username>** 559 559 * **AT+PWD=<MQTT Password>** ... ... @@ -562,6 +562,7 @@ 562 562 Test your uplink by pressing the ACT button for 1 second. 563 563 564 564 593 + 565 565 The following image shows the uplink payload of a real Dragino device. The publish topic is '**TS01-NB' that contains fields in the payload, IMEI, IMSI, Model, temperature, etc**. Note that we have created a device named **TS01-NB** in the **Devices** section in advance. 566 566 567 567
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