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Changes for page ThingsBoard

Last modified by Dilisi S on 2025/04/23 19:23
From version 214.1
edited by Dilisi S
on 2025/04/21 18:30
Change comment: Uploaded new attachment "Screenshot 2025-04-21 122936.png", version {1}
To version 202.1
edited by Dilisi S
on 2025/04/21 16:45
Change comment: Uploaded new attachment "mqtt-uplink-converter.png", version {1}

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... ... @@ -164,18 +164,37 @@
164 164  [[image:ins1.png||height="310" width="500"]]
165 165  
166 166  
167 += 3. Creating Devices (Optional) =
167 167  
168 -= 3. Data Converters =
169 +{{info}}
170 +**The following procedure is optional. If you haven't created any device in ThingsBoard first, ThingsBoard will automatically create a device for you based on the integration settings (the device name defined in the uplink decoder) just after it receives the first uplink from your device.**
171 +{{/info}}
169 169  
173 +First, you need to create devices in ThingsBoard to represent your physical devices. For example, you can name it **Device A**, and the second device could be **Device B** or any name you prefer. The device name should be unique within the **Devices** space.
170 170  
171 -In **ThingsBoard**, **Data Converters** are components used to transform incoming or outgoing data between different formats, typically to convert raw telemetry data from devices into a structured format that ThingsBoard can understand, or vice versa.
172 172  
173 -**In this section, you will create a universal uplink data converter for all Dragino NB-IoT devices. The uplink decoder converts any MQTT message coming from a device into key-value pairs that can be used to display and visualize data using various widgets on the dashboard**.
176 +In the left navigation, click **Entities -> Devices**.
174 174  
178 +Click the **Add Device** button (the button with the **+** sign), and from the dropdown menu, click **Add new device**.
175 175  
176 -== 3.1 Uplink ==
180 +In the **Add new device** dialog box, enter the device name in the **Name** text box. For example, we will use **Device A**.
177 177  
182 +Click the **Add** button.
178 178  
184 +Skip the **connectivity testing** by clicking the **Close** button.
185 +
186 +The device is created and listed on the **Devices** page. Note that its initial state is **Inactive** because it has not received any data yet.
187 +
188 +
189 += 4. Data Converters =
190 +
191 +
192 +In **ThingsBoard**, **Data Converters** are components used to transform incoming or outgoing data between different formats, typically to convert raw telemetry data from devices into a structured format that ThingsBoard can understand, or vice versa.
193 +
194 +
195 +== 4.1 Uplink ==
196 +
197 +
179 179  In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Data converters**.
180 180  
181 181  
... ... @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
182 182  [[image:data-converters-list-empty.png]]
183 183  
184 184  
185 -On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu.
204 +On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on the **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu.
186 186  
187 187  
188 188  
... ... @@ -189,67 +189,79 @@
189 189  [[image:create-new-converter-menu.png||height="259" width="500"]]
190 190  
191 191  
192 -The **Add data converter** window appears.
211 +The **Add data converter** window will appear.
193 193  
194 -Name it ‘**MQTT Uplink Converter**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**.
213 +Let's create an uplink data converter for the device named '**Device A**'. Name it ‘**MQTT Uplink Converter - Device A**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**.
195 195  
196 196  Click on the **TBEL** button if it has not been selected by default.
197 197  
198 -Replace the default TBEL decoder function with the following universal TBEL decoder function, which decodes MQTT payload from any Dragino NB-IoT device.
217 +Modify the default TBEL function to match with your device as described below:
199 199  
200 200  
220 +* Uncomment** line 11**:
221 +
222 +//var data = decodeToJson(payload)//
223 +
224 +
225 +* **Line 13**: Assign your device name to the **deviceName** field. - We used **Device A** as it is to match with our device, **Device A **in the **Devices **section.
226 +* From **line 38**: Modify the telemetry section to allow parsed data to be assigned to the fields.
227 +
228 +//telemetry: {
229 + temperature: data.temperature,
230 + humidity: data.humidity,
231 + rawData: payloadStr
232 + }//
233 +
234 +
235 +The modified uplink decoder function to match with **Device A** is shown below.
236 +
201 201  {{code language="JavaScript"}}
238 +// Decode an uplink message from a buffer
239 +// payload - array of bytes
240 +// metadata - key/value object
241 +
242 +/** Decoder **/
243 +
244 +// decode payload to string
245 +var payloadStr = decodeToString(payload);
246 +
202 202  // decode payload to JSON
203 -var pattern = "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss";
204 -var objdata = {};
205 -var obj1 = {};
206 206  var data = decodeToJson(payload);
207 -var deviceName = data.IMEI;
208 -data.remove("IMEI");
209 -var modelname = "Dragino "+ data.Model;
210 -//var mod = data.mod
211 -data.remove("Model");
212 -//delete data.mod
213 -var timestamp = new Date().getTime();
214 -foreach (entry: data.entrySet()) {
215 - var key = entry.getKey();
216 - var value = entry.getValue();
217 - //objdata[key] = data[key]
218 - if(key.matches("^-?\\d+$")){ //is number
219 - obj1[key]=data[key];
220 - var index = obj1[key].length-1;
221 - obj1[key][index]=new Date(obj1[key][index],pattern).getTime();
222 - }
223 - else if (key==="bat"||key==="BAT"){
224 - objdata["battery"] = data[key];
225 - }
226 - else{
227 - objdata[key] = data[key];
228 -}}
229 -var listdata = [{"ts":timestamp,"values":objdata}];
230 -foreach ( entry1: obj1.entrySet()){
231 - var key1 = entry1.getKey();
232 - var value1 = entry1.getValue();
233 - var index = obj1[key1].length-1;
234 - var ts = obj1[key1][index];
235 - if (modelname=="Dragino RS485-NB"){
236 - listdata.push({"ts":ts,"values":{"Payload":obj1[key1][0]}});
237 - }
238 - else{
239 - listdata.push({"ts":ts,"values":{"values":obj1[key1]}});
240 - }
241 -}
242 - var result = {
243 - deviceName: deviceName,
244 - deviceType: modelname,
245 - attributes: {
246 - model: modelname
247 - //customerName: "NB-CB",
248 - //groupName: "NB-CB",
249 - //integrationName: metadata['integrationName']
250 - },
251 - telemetry: listdata
249 +
250 +var deviceName = 'Device A';
251 +var deviceType = 'thermostat';
252 +var customerName = 'Customer C';
253 +var groupName = 'thermostat devices';
254 +var manufacturer = 'Example corporation';
255 +// use assetName and assetType instead of deviceName and deviceType
256 +// to automatically create assets instead of devices.
257 +// var assetName = 'Asset A';
258 +// var assetType = 'building';
259 +
260 +// Result object with device/asset attributes/telemetry data
261 +var result = {
262 +// Use deviceName and deviceType or assetName and assetType, but not both.
263 + deviceName: deviceName,
264 + deviceType: deviceType,
265 +// assetName: assetName,
266 +// assetType: assetType,
267 +// customerName: customerName,
268 + groupName: groupName,
269 + attributes: {
270 + model: 'Model A',
271 + serialNumber: 'SN111',
272 + integrationName: metadata['integrationName'],
273 + manufacturer: manufacturer
274 + },
275 + telemetry: {
276 + temperature: data.temperature,
277 + humidity: data.humidity,
278 + rawData: payloadStr
279 + }
252 252  };
281 +
282 +/** Helper functions 'decodeToString' and 'decodeToJson' are already built-in **/
283 +
253 253  return result;
254 254  {{/code}}
255 255  
... ... @@ -257,18 +257,18 @@
257 257  Once you modify the decoder function, click on the **Add** button.
258 258  
259 259  
260 -[[image:mqtt-uplink-converter.png||height="498" width="500"]]
261 261  
292 +[[image:ul-data-converter-device-a.png||height="524" width="500"]]
262 262  
263 263  
264 264  You should see that the newly added **MQTT Uplink converter **NB/CB is listed on the **Data Converters** page.
265 265  
266 266  
298 +[[image:ul-data-converter-added.png||height="257"]]
267 267  
268 -[[image:data-converters-list.png]]
269 269  
270 270  
271 -= 4. Add Integration =
302 += 5. Add Integration =
272 272  
273 273  
274 274  In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Integrations**.
... ... @@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
288 288  **Basic settings:**
289 289  
290 290  * **Integration type**: MQTT
291 -* **Name**: MQTT integration
322 +* **Name**: MQTT integration - Device A
292 292  * **Enable integration**: YES
293 293  * **Allow create devices or assets**: YES
294 294  
... ... @@ -295,10 +295,11 @@
295 295  Click **Next** button.
296 296  
297 297  
329 +[[image:add-integration-basic-settings.png||height="504" width="500"]]
298 298  
299 -[[image:add-integration-part-1.png||height="483" width="500"]]
300 300  
301 301  
333 +
302 302  **Uplink data converter:**
303 303  
304 304  * Click on the **Select existing** button.
... ... @@ -307,8 +307,8 @@
307 307  Click **Next** button.
308 308  
309 309  
342 +[[image:add-integration-ul-data-converter.png||height="505" width="500"]]
310 310  
311 -[[image:add-integration-part-2.png||height="484" width="500"]]
312 312  
313 313  
314 314  **Downlink data converter:**
... ... @@ -326,19 +326,18 @@
326 326  
327 327  **Connection:**
328 328  
329 -* **Host**: Host URL (Eg, **//011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud//**)
330 -* **Port**: 8883 (the port number may differ based on your MQTT broker)
361 +* **Host**: Host URL (Eg. **//011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud//**)
362 +* **Port**: 8883
331 331  * **Credentials type**: Basic
332 332  * **Username**: Username (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials)
333 333  * **Password:** Password (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials)
334 334  * **Enable SSL**: YES
335 -* **Topic**: # (the # symbol indicates that it filters all topics).
367 +* **Topic: device/a** (The topic can be anything; you can even use just the device name.)
336 336  * **QoS:** 0-At most once
337 337  
370 +[[image:add-integartion-connection.png||height="505" width="500"]]
338 338  
339 -[[image:add-integration-4.png||height="484" width="500"]]
340 340  
341 -
342 342  Click on the **Advanced settings** button.
343 343  
344 344  * **Clean session:** YES
... ... @@ -366,56 +366,47 @@
366 366  Since we haven't received data from a device yet, the integration **Status** is shown as **Pending.**
367 367  
368 368  
400 +[[image:integration-added.png]]
369 369  
370 -[[image:integrations-pending.png]]
371 371  
372 372  
373 -= 5. Verifying the receipt of data from virtual devices =
404 += 6. Verifying the receipt of data from virtual devices =
374 374  
375 375  
376 -== 5.1 How does it work? ==
407 +== 6.1 How does it work? ==
377 377  
378 378  
379 379  We use the Mosquitto MQTT client to simulate MQTT messages, acting as a virtual device. First, install the Mosquitto client on your computer from [[this link>>url:https://mosquitto.org/download/]]. The Mosquitto client publishes messages to the MQTT broker (HiveMQ) on a specified MQTT topic. ThingsBoard subscribes to these messages using the same topic.
380 380  
381 -The Mosquitto client publishes messages (payloads) to a topic - for example, # or device/ts01-nb. You can, of course, use any topic you prefer.
412 +The Mosquitto client publishes messages (payloads) on the topic **/device/a**. Of course, you can use any topic for testing.
382 382  
414 +(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows:
383 383  
384 -(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows. The **IMEI **and **Model **are mandatory fields. For other fields, you can use any number of key-value pairs.
385 -
386 386  {{code language="none"}}
387 -{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "Model":"TS01-NB", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}
417 +{"IMEI": "350693903995577", "temperature":25, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}
388 388  {{/code}}
389 389  
420 +Once ThingsBoard receives this message, it forwards this payload to the matching device through the integration.
390 390  
422 +
391 391  == 5.2 Sending messages ==
392 392  
393 393  
394 -On your computer's terminal, issue the following MQTT command, which simulates the device named '**350693903995577'**. The message payload contains the fields IMEI, Model, temperature, humidity, and pressure, which hold the values 350693903995577,  TS01-NB, 30, 80, and 1005 respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.
426 +On your computer's terminal, issue the following MQTT command which simulates the device '**Device A'**. The message payload contains the fields IMEI, temperature, humidity, and pressure, which hold the values 350693903995577, 30, 80, and 1005 respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.
395 395  
396 396  {{code language="none"}}
397 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/350693903995577" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "Model":"TS01-NB", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'
429 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'
398 398  {{/code}}
399 399  
400 -If the integration was performed without errors, a new device named **350693903995577 **is created in the **Devices **section.
432 +If the integration was performed without errors, the status of the integration changes to 'Active' after the first telemetry transmission.
401 401  
402 402  
403 -[[image:new-device-1.png]]
435 +[[image:integration-active.png]]
404 404  
405 405  
406 -The status of the integration also changes to '**Active**' after the first telemetry transmission.
438 +== 6.3 Viewing messages ==
407 407  
408 408  
409 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-04-21 122154.png]]
410 -
411 -
412 -
413 -**When ThingsBoard receives this message for the first time, it will automatically create a new device named '350693903995577' in the Devices section. The device name is based on the IMEI number. For subsequent messages with the same IMEI, no duplicate devices will be created. Each new IMEI number will result in a unique entry in the Devices section, representing a physical device.**
414 -
415 -
416 -== 5.3 Viewing messages ==
417 -
418 -
419 419  Go back to the **Integrations** page.
420 420  
421 421  Click on the **MQTT integration NB/CB** in the **Integrations** page to see its details.
... ... @@ -464,7 +464,7 @@
464 464  Now, you have successfully tested your integration with a simulated uplink payload and verified that it is received by ThingsBoard, and the device is provisioned.
465 465  
466 466  
467 -= 6. Creating a Dashboard =
489 += 7. Creating a Dashboard =
468 468  
469 469  ThingsBoard **Dashboards** provide a powerful way to visualize and monitor real-time and historical data from connected devices. They allow users to create interactive, customizable panels displaying telemetry data, device status, and other key metrics. With a variety of widgets, including charts, maps, and tables, dashboards help users gain insights, track trends, and manage IoT deployments efficiently.
470 470  
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