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Changes for page ThingsBoard

Last modified by Dilisi S on 2025/04/23 19:23
From version 204.1
edited by Dilisi S
on 2025/04/21 16:49
Change comment: April 21 edits - part 1
To version 166.1
edited by Dilisi S
on 2025/03/19 03:34
Change comment: Uploaded new attachment "image-4.png", version {1}

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... ... @@ -164,15 +164,12 @@
164 164  [[image:ins1.png||height="310" width="500"]]
165 165  
166 166  
167 -
168 168  = 3. Data Converters =
169 169  
170 170  
171 171  In **ThingsBoard**, **Data Converters** are components used to transform incoming or outgoing data between different formats, typically to convert raw telemetry data from devices into a structured format that ThingsBoard can understand, or vice versa.
172 172  
173 -**In this section, you will create a universal uplink data converter for all Dragino NB-IoT devices. The uplink decoder converts any MQTT message coming from a device into key-value pairs that can be used to display and visualize data using various widgets on the dashboard**.
174 174  
175 -
176 176  == 3.1 Uplink ==
177 177  
178 178  
... ... @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
182 182  [[image:data-converters-list-empty.png]]
183 183  
184 184  
185 -On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu.
182 +On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on the **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu.
186 186  
187 187  
188 188  
... ... @@ -189,75 +189,140 @@
189 189  [[image:create-new-converter-menu.png||height="259" width="500"]]
190 190  
191 191  
192 -The **Add data converter** window appears.
189 +The **Add data converter** window will appear. Name it ‘**MQTT Uplink Converter NB/CB**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**.
193 193  
194 -Name it ‘**MQTT Uplink Converter**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**.
191 +Click on the **JavaScript** button.
195 195  
196 -Click on the **TBEL** button if it has not been selected by default.
193 +Delete the default decoder function in the code editor. Now copy and paste the following decoder function written in **JavaScript** in to the **code editor**. This decoder function is compatible for both NB and CB series devices.
197 197  
198 -Replace the default TBEL decoder function with the following universal TBEL decoder function, which decodes MQTT payload from any Dragino NB-IoT device.
199 199  
200 -
201 201  {{code language="JavaScript"}}
197 +//Version: 0.1
198 +// decode payload to string
199 +var payloadStr = decodeToString(payload);
200 +
202 202  // decode payload to JSON
203 -var pattern = "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss";
204 204  var objdata = {};
205 205  var obj1 = {};
206 206  var data = decodeToJson(payload);
207 207  var deviceName = data.IMEI;
208 -data.remove("IMEI");
209 -var modelname = "Dragino "+ data.Model;
206 +delete data.IMEI;
207 +var modelname = "Dragino " + data.Model;
210 210  //var mod = data.mod
211 -data.remove("Model");
209 +delete data.Model;
212 212  //delete data.mod
213 213  var timestamp = new Date().getTime();
214 -foreach (entry: data.entrySet()) {
215 - var key = entry.getKey();
216 - var value = entry.getValue();
217 - //objdata[key] = data[key]
218 - if(key.matches("^-?\\d+$")){ //is number
219 - obj1[key]=data[key];
220 - var index = obj1[key].length-1;
221 - obj1[key][index]=new Date(obj1[key][index],pattern).getTime();
212 +
213 +for (var key in data) {
214 +
215 + if (Number(key)) {
216 + obj1[key] = data[key];
217 + obj1[key][obj1[key].length - 1] = Number(new Date(
218 + obj1[key][obj1[key].length - 1]));
219 +
222 222   }
223 - else if (key==="bat"||key==="BAT"){
224 - objdata["battery"] = data[key];
221 +//Alec submitted25/02/25
222 +//turn old key into new
223 + else if (key === "Reading") {
224 + objdata["reading"] = data[key];
225 + } else if (key === "work mode") {
226 + objdata["work_mode"] = data[key];
227 + } else if (key === "hum") {
228 + objdata["humidity"] = data[key];
229 + }else if (key === "hum2") {
230 + objdata["humidity2"] = data[key];
231 + } else if (key === "hum3") {
232 + objdata["humidity3"] = data[key];
233 + } else if (key === "tem") {
234 + objdata["temperature"] = data[key];
235 + } else if (key === "tem2") {
236 + objdata["temperature2"] = data[key];
237 + } else if (key === "tem3") {
238 + objdata["temperature3"] = data[key];
239 + } else if (key === "DS18B20_Temp") {
240 + objdata["temperature_pro"] = data[key];
241 + } else if (key === "ds18b20_temperature") {
242 + objdata["temperature_pro"] = data[key];
243 + } else if (key === "DS18B20_temperature_pro") {
244 + objdata["temperature_pro"] = data[key];
245 + } else if (key === "tdc send flag") {
246 + objdata["tdc_send_flag"] = data[key];
247 + } else if (key === "trigger mode") {
248 + objdata["trigger_mode"] = data[key];
249 + } else if (key === "soil dielectric constant") {
250 + objdata["soil_dielectric_constant"] = data[key];
251 + } else if (key === "door open num") {
252 + objdata["door_open_num"] = data[key];
253 + } else if (key === "door duration") {
254 + objdata["door_duration"] = data[key];
255 + } else if (key === "count time") {
256 + objdata["count_time"] = data[key];
257 + } else if (key === "last open time2") {
258 + objdata["last_open_time2"] = data[key];
259 + } else if (key === "last open time3") {
260 + objdata["last_open_time3"] = data[key];
225 225   }
226 - else{
227 - objdata[key] = data[key];
228 -}}
229 -var listdata = [{"ts":timestamp,"values":objdata}];
230 -foreach ( entry1: obj1.entrySet()){
231 - var key1 = entry1.getKey();
232 - var value1 = entry1.getValue();
233 - var index = obj1[key1].length-1;
234 - var ts = obj1[key1][index];
235 - if (modelname=="Dragino RS485-NB"){
236 - listdata.push({"ts":ts,"values":{"Payload":obj1[key1][0]}});
262 +//Alec submitted25/02/25
263 + else {
264 + objdata[key] = data[key]
237 237   }
238 - else{
239 - listdata.push({"ts":ts,"values":{"values":obj1[key1]}});
266 +}
267 +var listdata = [{
268 + "ts": timestamp,
269 + "values": objdata
270 +}]
271 +for (var key1 in obj1) {
272 + if (modelname == "Dragino RS485-NB") {
273 + listdata.push({
274 + "ts": obj1[key1][obj1[key1].length - 1],
275 + "values": {
276 + "Payload": obj1[key1][0],
277 + }
278 + })
279 + } else {
280 + listdata.push({
281 + "ts": obj1[key1][obj1[key1].length - 1],
282 + "values": {
283 + "values": obj1[key1]
284 + },
285 + })
240 240   }
241 241  }
242 - var result = {
288 +var result = {
289 +
243 243   deviceName: deviceName,
244 244   deviceType: modelname,
245 245   attributes: {
246 - model: modelname
293 + model: modelname,
247 247   //customerName: "NB-CB",
248 248   //groupName: "NB-CB",
249 249   //integrationName: metadata['integrationName']
297 +
250 250   },
251 251   telemetry: listdata
252 -};
300 +}
301 +
302 +function decodeToString(payload) {
303 + return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, payload);
304 +}
305 +
306 +function decodeToJson(payload) {
307 + // covert payload to string.
308 + var str = decodeToString(payload);
309 +
310 + // parse string to JSON
311 + var data = JSON.parse(str);
312 + return data;
313 +}
314 +
253 253  return result;
254 254  {{/code}}
255 255  
256 256  
257 -Once you modify the decoder function, click on the **Add** button.
319 +Click on the **Add** button.
258 258  
259 259  
260 -[[image:mqtt-uplink-converter.png||height="498" width="500"]]
322 +[[image:mqtt-uplink.png||width="500"]]
261 261  
262 262  
263 263  
... ... @@ -264,7 +264,72 @@
264 264  You should see that the newly added **MQTT Uplink converter **NB/CB is listed on the **Data Converters** page.
265 265  
266 266  
329 +[[image:data-converter-list-showing-uplink-dc.png]]
267 267  
331 +
332 +== 3.2 Downlink ==
333 +
334 +
335 +On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on the **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu.
336 +
337 +
338 +[[image:create-new-converter-menu.png||width="500"]]
339 +
340 +
341 +
342 +The **Add data converter** window will appear. Name it ‘**MQTT Downlink Converter NB/CB**’ and select the Type as **Downlink**.
343 +
344 +Click on the **TBEL** button if not selected it by default. Now copy and paste the following encoder function written in **TBEL (ThingsBoard Expression Language)** in to the **code editor**. This encoder function is compatible for both NB and CB series devices.
345 +
346 +
347 +{{code language="JavaScript"}}
348 +// Encode downlink data from incoming Rule Engine message
349 +
350 +// msg - JSON message payload downlink message json
351 +// msgType - type of message, for ex. 'ATTRIBUTES_UPDATED', 'POST_TELEMETRY_REQUEST', etc.
352 +// metadata - list of key-value pairs with additional data about the message
353 +// integrationMetadata - list of key-value pairs with additional data defined in Integration executing this converter
354 +
355 +/** Encoder **/
356 +
357 +var data = {};
358 +
359 +// Process data from incoming message and metadata
360 +
361 +data.tempFreq = msg.temperatureUploadFrequency;
362 +data.humFreq = msg.humidityUploadFrequency;
363 +
364 +data.devSerialNumber = metadata['ss_serialNumber'];
365 +
366 +// Result object with encoded downlink payload
367 +var result = {
368 +
369 + // downlink data content type: JSON, TEXT or BINARY (base64 format)
370 + contentType: "JSON",
371 +
372 + // downlink data
373 + data: JSON.stringify(data),
374 +
375 + // Optional metadata object presented in key/value format
376 + metadata: {
377 + topic: metadata['deviceType']+'/'+metadata['deviceName']+'/upload'
378 + }
379 +
380 +};
381 +
382 +return result;
383 +{{/code}}
384 +
385 +
386 +Click on the **Add** button.
387 +
388 +
389 +[[image:add-downlink-data-converter.png||height="529" width="500"]]
390 +
391 +
392 +You should see that the newly added **MQTT Downlink** Converter NB/CB is listed on the **Data Converters** page.
393 +
394 +
268 268  [[image:data-converters-list.png]]
269 269  
270 270  
... ... @@ -288,18 +288,16 @@
288 288  **Basic settings:**
289 289  
290 290  * **Integration type**: MQTT
291 -* **Name**: MQTT integration - Device A
418 +* **Name**: MQTT integration NB/CB
292 292  * **Enable integration**: YES
293 -* **Allow create devices or assets**: YES
420 +* **Allows create devices or assets**: YES
294 294  
295 295  Click **Next** button.
296 296  
297 297  
298 -[[image:add-integration-basic-settings.png||height="504" width="500"]]
425 +[[image:add-integration-basic-settings.png||height="511" width="500"]]
299 299  
300 300  
301 -
302 -
303 303  **Uplink data converter:**
304 304  
305 305  * Click on the **Select existing** button.
... ... @@ -308,35 +308,32 @@
308 308  Click **Next** button.
309 309  
310 310  
311 -[[image:add-integration-ul-data-converter.png||height="505" width="500"]]
436 +[[image:add-integration-uplink-data-converter.png||height="511" width="500"]]
312 312  
313 313  
314 -
315 315  **Downlink data converter:**
316 316  
317 -Dragino NB/CB devices don't require a downlink data converter to decode their payloads, so you can skip this step.
441 +* Click on the **Select existing** button.
442 +* **Downlink data converter**: Select **MQTT Downlink Converter NB/CB **from the dropdown list.
318 318  
319 -* Click on the **Skip **button in the Downlink data converter section.
444 +Click **Next** button.
320 320  
321 -Click **Skip** button.
322 322  
447 +[[image:add-integration-downlink-data-converter.png||height="511" width="500"]]
323 323  
324 -[[image:integration-dl-skip.png||height="511" width="500"]]
325 325  
326 -
327 -
328 328  **Connection:**
329 329  
330 -* **Host**: Host URL (Eg. **//011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud//**)
452 +* **Host**: Cluster URL (Eg. 011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud)
331 331  * **Port**: 8883
332 -* **Credentials type**: Basic
454 +* **Credentials**: Basic
455 +* **Enable SSL**: YES
333 333  * **Username**: Username (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials)
334 334  * **Password:** Password (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials)
335 -* **Enable SSL**: YES
336 -* **Topic: device/a** (The topic can be anything; you can even use just the device name.)
458 +* **Topic: v1/devices/+/telemetry** (the + replaces any 'device name' will create a device in the Entities -> Devices)
337 337  * **QoS:** 0-At most once
338 338  
339 -[[image:add-integartion-connection.png||height="505" width="500"]]
461 +[[image:add-integration-connection.png||height="511" width="500"]]
340 340  
341 341  
342 342  Click on the **Advanced settings** button.
... ... @@ -366,8 +366,8 @@
366 366  Since we haven't received data from a device yet, the integration **Status** is shown as **Pending.**
367 367  
368 368  
369 -[[image:integration-added.png]]
370 370  
492 +[[image:new-integration-pending.png]]
371 371  
372 372  
373 373  = 5. Verifying the receipt of data from virtual devices =
... ... @@ -378,24 +378,24 @@
378 378  
379 379  We use the Mosquitto MQTT client to simulate MQTT messages, acting as a virtual device. First, install the Mosquitto client on your computer from [[this link>>url:https://mosquitto.org/download/]]. The Mosquitto client publishes messages to the MQTT broker (HiveMQ) on a specified MQTT topic. ThingsBoard subscribes to these messages using the same topic.
380 380  
381 -The Mosquitto client publishes messages (payloads) on the topic **/device/a**. Of course, you can use any topic for testing.
503 +The Mosquitto client publishes messages (payloads) on the topic **v1/devices/me/telemetry**. Of course, you can use any topic for testing.
382 382  
383 -(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows:
505 +(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows, which is common for all **~-~-NB** and **~-~-CB** series devices. The **IMEI** field is mandatory and is used to provision a new device with the name assigned to it in ThingsBoard.
384 384  
385 385  {{code language="none"}}
386 -{"IMEI": "350693903995577", "temperature":25, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}
508 +{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 27, ......}
387 387  {{/code}}
388 388  
389 -Once ThingsBoard receives this message, it forwards this payload to the matching device through the integration.
511 +Once ThingsBoard receives this message, it automatically creates (provisions) the device mentioned in the **IMEI**, for example, S31B-NB.
390 390  
391 391  
392 392  == 5.2 Sending messages ==
393 393  
394 394  
395 -On your computer's terminal, issue the following MQTT command which simulates the device '**Device A'**. The message payload contains the fields IMEI, temperature, humidity, and pressure, which hold the values 350693903995577, 30, 80, and 1005 respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.
517 +On the terminal, issue the following MQTT command which simulates the device S31B-NB. The message payload contains the fields temperature and humidity, which hold the values S31B-NB and 27, respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.
396 396  
397 397  {{code language="none"}}
398 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'
520 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "v1/devices/me/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 27}'
399 399  {{/code}}
400 400  
401 401  If the integration was performed without errors, the status of the integration changes to 'Active' after the first telemetry transmission.
... ... @@ -404,57 +404,35 @@
404 404  [[image:integration-active.png]]
405 405  
406 406  
407 -== 5.3 Viewing messages ==
529 +Also, a new device named **S31B-NB** will appear under **//Entities -> Devices -> All//**. This means the first MQTT message triggers ThingsBoard to provision a device named **S31B-NB**.
408 408  
409 409  
410 -Go back to the **Integrations** page.
532 +[[image:new-device.png]]
411 411  
412 -Click on the **MQTT integration NB/CB** in the **Integrations** page to see its details.
413 413  
414 -Click on the **Edit** button (//**pen icon**//).
535 +Click on the **MQTT integration NB/CB **list in the **Integrations** page to see its details.
415 415  
416 -Click on the **Disabled** button in the upper-right corner.
537 +Then go to the **Events** tab.
417 417  
418 -Turn on the **All messages (15 min)** option. This will enable displaying all messages in the **Events** tab. This setting will expire in 15 minutes, and you will need to repeat the same steps if you want to view the messages in the Events tab later.
539 +You can see the uplink message you sent from the MQTT broker.
419 419  
420 -Click on the **Apply** button.
421 421  
422 -Then click on the **Apply changes** (//**tick icon**//) button.
542 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-16 at 18.38.59.png]]
423 423  
424 424  
425 -[[image:debug-enabled.png||height="301" width="700"]]
426 426  
427 427  
547 +Now click on the **three dots (...)** in the **Message** column. You can see the uplink message's **payload** in the **Message** window.
428 428  
429 429  
430 -Now go to the **Events** tab.
550 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-16 at 18.39.12.png]]
431 431  
432 -Select the **Event type** as **Debug** from the dropdown list.
433 433  
434 -Publish another message (of course, you can repeat the previous message by pressing the UP arrow on your keyboard and then press Enter key) to your MQTT broker from your terminal, for example:
435 435  
436 -{{code language="none"}}
437 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":30, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'
438 -{{/code}}
439 -
440 -Now you can see that uplink message in the **Events** tab (Click the **refresh** button if you didn't see any messages in the Events tab). The status should be **OK **if there is no errors in your integration.
441 -
442 -
443 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-26 at 19.49.31.png]]
444 -
445 -
446 -
447 -Then click on the **three dots (...)** in the **Message** column. You can see the uplink message's **payload** in the **Message** window.
448 -
449 -
450 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-26 at 19.47.52.png]]
451 -
452 -
453 -
454 -
455 455  Now, you have successfully tested your integration with a simulated uplink payload and verified that it is received by ThingsBoard, and the device is provisioned.
456 456  
457 457  
557 +
458 458  = 6. Creating a Dashboard =
459 459  
460 460  ThingsBoard **Dashboards** provide a powerful way to visualize and monitor real-time and historical data from connected devices. They allow users to create interactive, customizable panels displaying telemetry data, device status, and other key metrics. With a variety of widgets, including charts, maps, and tables, dashboards help users gain insights, track trends, and manage IoT deployments efficiently.
... ... @@ -463,11 +463,6 @@
463 463  This section guides you on how to create a dashboard to display temperature and humidity data from the device on a time-series chart. You may also use other widgets in ThingsBoard to display data according to your requirements.
464 464  
465 465  
466 -First simulate a few messages using MQTT. This time, we have added the 'humidity' field to the payload. Eg:
467 -
468 -{{code language="none"}}mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":22, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'{{/code}}
469 -
470 -
471 471  In **ThingsBoard**, from the left navigation menu, click **Dashboards**. Then, click the **+** button and select **Create new dashboard** from the dropdown menu.
472 472  
473 473  
... ... @@ -503,19 +503,15 @@
503 503  
504 504  Configure the **Time series chart** widget as follows:
505 505  
506 -* **Datasource** - select **Device A** device you provisioned.
601 +* **Datasource** - select S31B-NB device you provisioned.
507 507  * **Series**:
508 508  ** **temperature** - you can see this key by default.
509 509  ** **humidity** - Click **Add series** button. Then add the **humidity** for the key and then type **%** as its unit.
510 510  * Click on the **Add** button.
511 511  
512 -{{info}}
513 -You can add only the relevant fields from the device's payload to display data on a widget. These fields are called 'keys'.
514 -{{/info}}
607 +[[image:timeseries-1.png||height="491" width="700"]]
515 515  
516 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-31 at 06.51.15.png||height="485" width="700"]]
517 517  
518 -
519 519  The time-series chart will appear in edit mode. Resize it by clicking and dragging the lower-right corner.
520 520  
521 521  Click the **Save** button to add the widget to the dashboard.
... ... @@ -528,11 +528,12 @@
528 528  
529 529  
530 530  {{code language="none"}}
531 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":22, "humidity":70, "pressure":1005}'
622 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "tb/mqtt-integration-tutorial/sensors/S31B-NB/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"temperature":20, "humidity":70}'
532 532  
533 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":27, "humidity":72, "pressure":1005}'
624 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "tb/mqtt-integration-tutorial/sensors/S31B-NB/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"temperature":22, "humidity":71}'
534 534  
535 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -t "device/a" -m '{"IMEI":"350693903995577", "temperature":19, "humidity":80, "pressure":1005}'
626 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "tb/mqtt-integration-tutorial/sensors/S31B-NB/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"temperature":18, "humidity":79}'
627 +
536 536  {{/code}}
537 537  
538 538  The chart will update with the values in realtime, as shown in the below image.
... ... @@ -541,10 +541,10 @@
541 541  [[image:timeseries-4.png||height="316" width="700"]]
542 542  
543 543  
544 -= 8. Configure Physical NB-IoT Sensor =
636 += 7. Configure NB-IoT Sensor =
545 545  
546 546  
547 -Now, let's experiment with sending data to ThingsBoard using a real NB-IoT device. For example, we will use the **TS01-NB**.
639 +Now, let's experiment with sending data to ThingsBoard using a real NB-IoT device. For example, we will use the **S31B-NB**.
548 548  
549 549  First, configure the NB-IoT device with the necessary MQTT settings using AT commands. Below is a list of AT commands you can use.
550 550  
... ... @@ -552,8 +552,8 @@
552 552  **AT Commands**
553 553  
554 554  * **AT+PRO=3,3    **~/~/ Use MQTT to connect to ThingsBoard. Payload Type set to 3.
555 -* **AT+SUBTOPIC=<MQTT subscribe topic> Eg: TS01-NB**
556 -* **AT+PUBTOPIC=<MQTT publish topic> Eg: TS01-NB**
647 +* **AT+SUBTOPIC=<MQTT topic>**
648 +* **AT+PUBTOPIC=<MQTT topic>**
557 557  * **AT+CLIENT=null**
558 558  * **AT+UNAME=<MQTT Username>**
559 559  * **AT+PWD=<MQTT Password>**
... ... @@ -560,10 +560,3 @@
560 560  * **AT+SERVADDR=<Broker address, Port>**
561 561  
562 562  Test your uplink by pressing the ACT button for 1 second.
563 -
564 -
565 -
566 -The following image shows the uplink payload of a real Dragino device. The publish topic is '**TS01-NB' that contains fields in the payload, IMEI, IMSI, Model, temperature, etc**. Note that we have created a device named **TS01-NB** in the **Devices** section in advance.
567 -
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