Changes for page ThingsBoard
Last modified by Dilisi S on 2025/04/23 19:23
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... ... @@ -6,193 +6,51 @@ 6 6 Draft Document 7 7 {{/warning}} 8 8 9 += Introduction = 9 9 10 - 11 - 12 -= 1. Introduction = 13 - 14 - 15 15 This document guides you on integrating Dragino **-NB** and **-CB** series devices data with ThingsBoard. For this guide, we use ThingsBoard Cloud, which is one of the ThingsBoard versions that allows you to try it for free. 16 16 17 17 The **NB series** devices end with the suffix **-NB**, and the **CB series** devices end with the suffix **-CB**. For example, **S31B-NB** is an **NB device**, and **S31-CB** is a **CB device**. 18 18 19 19 20 -= 2. Prerequisites=16 += Add New Device = 21 21 22 - Tocomplete thistutorial,youneedto havethefollowing:18 +In the left navigation, click **Entities** and then click **Devices**. 23 23 24 -* ThingsBoard cloud account 25 -* MQTT Broker (public or private) such as, 26 -** **[[HiveMQ Cloud>>https://www.hivemq.com]] - You can create a free account to try it or subscribe for a paid account. - We use HiveMQ Cloud as the MQTT broker to build example in this tutorial.** 27 -** [[emqx>>https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker]] - The public MQTT server is only used for MOTT learning and testing, and should not be used in the production environment. 28 -** [[lns1.thingseye.io>>http://lns1.thingseye.io/]] - This is Dragino's MQTT broker, which requires a CA certificate to use. 29 29 30 - == 2.1ThingsBoardCloud ==21 +[[image:ThingsBoard-Device.png]] 31 31 32 32 33 - Goto [[https:~~/~~/thingsboard.io/>>https://thingsboard.io/]]24 +On the **Devices **page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on the **Add new device **from the dropdown menu. 34 34 35 -Click on the **Try it now**. 36 36 27 +[[image:ThingsBoard-add-new-device.png||height="279" width="500"]] 37 37 38 -[[image:thingsboard-1.png]] 39 39 40 40 41 - Selecteither the **North America**or **Europe** region. Here, we usetheEuroperegion.31 += Data Converters = 42 42 43 -[[image:thingsboard-2.png]] 44 - 45 - 46 -You can sign up with your **Google**, **GitHub**, **Facebook**, or **Apple** account. If not you can create an account with providing your **name**, **email address** and a **password**. 47 - 48 -Click on the **Sign up** button. 49 - 50 -[[image:thingsboard-3.png||height="651" width="500"]] 51 - 52 - 53 -You will be navigated to the following page. 54 - 55 -[[image:thingsboard-5.png||height="109" width="500"]] 56 - 57 - 58 -simultaneously, you will receive an email to confirm your email address. Click on the **Activate Your Account** button. 59 - 60 - 61 -[[image:thingsboard-4.png||height="249" width="500"]] 62 - 63 - 64 -Now losing to the account using your credentials: 65 - 66 - 67 -[[image:thingsboard-6.png||height="244" width="500"]] 68 - 69 - 70 -== 2.2 HiveMQ Cloud == 71 - 72 -=== 2.2.1 HiveMQ Cloud === 73 - 74 - 75 -Go to [[https:~~/~~/www.hivemq.com>>https://www.hivemq.com]] 76 - 77 -Click on the **Start Free** button. 78 - 79 -[[image:hivwmq-1.png]] 80 - 81 - 82 -Click on the **Sign Up FREE Now** button in the **HIVEMQ CLOUD** section. 83 - 84 -[[image:hivemq-2.png]] 85 - 86 - 87 -Click on the **Sign Up** button. 88 - 89 -You can sign up with HiveMQ using your **GitHub**, **Google**, or **LinkedIn** account. 90 - 91 -If not, provide your **email address** and a **password** to create an account by clicking on the **Sign Up** button. 92 - 93 - 94 -[[image:hivemq-3.png]] 95 - 96 - 97 -You will receive an email to verify your email address. Click on the **Confirm my account** button. 98 - 99 - 100 -[[image:hivemq-4.jpg||height="889" width="400"]] 101 - 102 - 103 -You will be redirected to a page asking you to complete your profile. Once done, click the **Continue** button. 104 - 105 - 106 -[[image:hivemq-5.png||height="655" width="700"]] 107 - 108 - 109 -Select the CloudMQ Cloud plan you need. For testing purposes, select the **Serverless FREE** plan by clicking on the **Create Serverless Cluster** button. 110 - 111 - 112 -[[image:hivemq-6.png]] 113 - 114 - 115 -You will be navigated to the **Your Clusters** page. Click on the **Manage Cluster** button. 116 - 117 -[[image:hivemq-7.png]] 118 - 119 - 120 -In your cluster page, you can find some useful parameters you need to create a MQTT connection. 121 - 122 -**URL**: This is the host name. Click on the copy button to copy it. 123 - 124 -**Port**: 8883 125 - 126 - 127 -Click on the **Getting Started** tab to setup the username and the password as the connection credentials. 128 - 129 - 130 -[[image:hivemq-8.png]] 131 - 132 - 133 -In the '**Create Connection Credentials**' section, provide a **username** and **password**, then click the **Add** button. 134 - 135 - 136 -[[image:hivemq-9.png]] 137 - 138 - 139 - 140 -If everything is successful, you will see the following message. 141 - 142 - 143 -[[image:hivemq-10.png||height="206" width="500"]] 144 - 145 - 146 -You will need these MQTT connection parameters when configuring the MQTT integration in the '**Add Integration**' section. 147 - 148 - 149 -=== 2.2.2 emqx === 150 - 151 - 152 -The [[emqx>>https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker]] public MQTT server is only used for MOTT learning and testing, and should not be used in the production environment. 153 - 154 - 155 -[[image:emqx.png||height="420" width="500"]] 156 - 157 - 158 -=== 2.2.3 Ins1.thingseye.io === 159 - 160 -[[lns1.thingseye.io>>http://lns1.thingseye.io/]] is the Dragino's MQTT broker, which requires a CA certificate file, Certificate file, and the Private key file to use. 161 - 162 -If customers need to use this MQTT connection with ThingsBoard, they need to contact the TE team to obtain three license files. 163 - 164 -[[image:ins1.png||height="310" width="500"]] 165 - 166 - 167 -= 3. Data Converters = 168 - 169 - 170 170 In **ThingsBoard**, **Data Converters** are components used to transform incoming or outgoing data between different formats, typically to convert raw telemetry data from devices into a structured format that ThingsBoard can understand, or vice versa. 171 171 172 172 173 -== 3.1Uplink ==36 +== Uplink == 174 174 175 - 176 176 In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Data converters**. 177 177 178 178 179 -[[image:data- converters-list-empty.png]]41 +[[image:ThingsBoard-Data-Converters.png]] 180 180 181 181 182 -On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘ **+**’ button, and then click on the **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu.44 +On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘+’ button, and then click on the **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu. 183 183 184 184 47 +[[image:ThingsBoard-new-data-converter.png||height="282" width="500"]] 185 185 186 -[[image:create-new-converter-menu.png||height="259" width="500"]] 187 187 50 +The **Add data converter** window will appear. Name it ‘**UDP Uplink Converter NB/CB**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**. 188 188 189 - The **Add dataonverter**windowwillappear. Nameit‘**MQTT UplinkConverterNB/CB**’andselect theTypeas**Uplink**.52 +Click on the **JavaScript** button. Now copy and paste the following JavaScript to the **Decoder function** section. This decoder function is valid for both NB and CB series devices. 190 190 191 -Click on the **JavaScript** button. 192 - 193 -Delete the default decoder function in the code editor. Now copy and paste the following decoder function written in **JavaScript** in to the **code editor**. This decoder function is compatible for both NB and CB series devices. 194 - 195 - 196 196 {{code language="JavaScript"}} 197 197 //Version: 0.1 198 198 // decode payload to string ... ... @@ -313,310 +313,149 @@ 313 313 } 314 314 315 315 return result; 174 + 316 316 {{/code}} 317 317 318 - 319 319 Click on the **Add** button. 320 320 321 321 322 -[[image: mqtt-uplink.png||width="500"]]180 +[[image:ThingsBoard-add-data-converter-uplink.png||width="500"]] 323 323 324 324 183 +You should see that the newly added **uplink data converter** is listed on the **Data Converters** page. 325 325 326 -You should see that the newly added **MQTT Uplink converter **NB/CB is listed on the **Data Converters** page. 327 327 186 +[[image:Data-converter-list-uplink-only.png]] 328 328 329 -[[image:data-converter-list-showing-uplink-dc.png]] 330 330 189 +== Downlink == 331 331 191 +On the **Data converters** page, click on the ‘**+**’ button, and then click on the **Create new converter** from the dropdown menu. 332 332 333 333 194 +[[image:ThingsBoard-new-data-converter.png||height="282" width="500"]] 334 334 335 335 336 - =4.AddIntegration=197 +The **Add data converter** window will appear. Name it ‘**UDP Downlink Converter NB/CB**’ and select the Type as **Downlink**. 337 337 199 +Click on the **JavaScript** button. Now copy and paste the following JavaScript to the **Encoder function **section. This encoder function is valid for both NB and CB series devices. 338 338 339 -In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Integrations**. 340 340 202 +{{code language="JavaScript"}} 203 +function hexToBase64(hexString) { 204 + // 将16进制字符串两个字符转换为一个字节 205 + var bytes = hexString.match(/.{2}/g); 206 + // 对每个字节进行解析,并转换为对应的字符 207 + var binaryString = bytes.map(function(byte) { 208 + return String.fromCharCode(parseInt(byte, 16)); 209 + }).join(''); 210 + 211 + // 使用btoa进行base64编码 212 + return btoa(binaryString); 213 +} 341 341 342 -[[image:integrations-list-empty.png]] 215 +// Result object with encoded downlink payload 216 +var result = { 217 + // downlink data content type: JSON, TEXT or BINARY (base64 format) 218 + contentType: "BINARY", 343 343 220 + // downlink data 221 + data:hexToBase64(metadata.shared_value) 344 344 345 -On the **Integrations** page, click on the '**+**' button. 223 + // Optional metadata object presented in key/value format 224 + //metadata: {} 346 346 226 +}; 347 347 348 -The **Add integration** window appears. 228 +return result; 229 +{{/code}} 349 349 350 -In the **Add integration** window, configure the following settings: 351 351 352 - 353 -**Basic settings:** 354 - 355 -* **Integration type**: MQTT 356 -* **Name**: MQTT integration NB/CB 357 -* **Enable integration**: YES 358 -* **Allows create devices or assets**: YES 359 - 360 -Click **Next** button. 361 - 362 - 363 -[[image:add-integration-basic-settings.png||height="511" width="500"]] 364 - 365 - 366 -**Uplink data converter:** 367 - 368 -* Click on the **Select existing** button. 369 -* **Uplink data converter**: Select **MQTT Uplink Converter NB/CB **from the dropdown list. 370 - 371 -Click **Next** button. 372 - 373 - 374 -[[image:add-integration-uplink-data-converter.png||height="511" width="500"]] 375 - 376 - 377 -**Downlink data converter:** 378 - 379 -* Click on the **Select existing** button. 380 -* **Downlink data converter**: Select **MQTT Downlink Converter NB/CB **from the dropdown list. 381 - 382 -Click **Next** button. 383 - 384 - 385 -[[image:add-integration-downlink-data-converter.png||height="511" width="500"]] 386 - 387 - 388 -**Connection:** 389 - 390 -* **Host**: Cluster URL (Eg. 011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud) 391 -* **Port**: 8883 392 -* **Credentials**: Basic 393 -* **Enable SSL**: YES 394 -* **Username**: Username (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials) 395 -* **Password:** Password (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials) 396 -* **Topic: v1/devices/+/telemetry** (the + replaces any 'device name' will create a device in the Entities -> Devices) 397 -* **QoS:** 0-At most once 398 - 399 -[[image:add-integration-connection.png||height="511" width="500"]] 400 - 401 - 402 -Click on the **Advanced settings** button. 403 - 404 -* **Clean session:** YES 405 -* **Retained**: YES 406 - 407 -[[image:add-integration-connection-advanced-settings.png||height="510" width="500"]] 408 - 409 - 410 -Click on the **Check connection** button to verify the MQTT connection using the provided parameters. 411 - 412 - 413 -[[image:check-connection.png||height="83" width="300"]] 414 - 415 - 416 -If the connection is successful, you will see the **Connected** message. If not, check your connection parameters again. 417 - 418 - 419 -[[image:connection-success.png||height="511" width="500"]] 420 - 421 - 422 422 Click on the **Add** button. 423 423 424 -You should see that the newly added integration is listed on the **Integrations** page. 425 425 426 - Since we haven'treceivedfrom a deviceyet, theintegration**Status**is shownas **Pending.**235 +[[image:ThingsBoard-add-data-converter-downlink.png||height="532" width="500"]] 427 427 428 428 238 +You should see that the newly added **downlink data converter** is listed on the **Data Converters** page. 429 429 430 -[[image:new-integration-pending.png]] 431 431 241 +[[image:Data-converter-list.png]] 432 432 433 -= 5. Verifying the receipt of data from virtual devices = 434 434 244 += Add Integration = 435 435 436 - ==5.1How doesitwork?==246 +In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Integrations**. 437 437 248 +On the **Integrations** page, click on the '**+**' button. 438 438 439 -We use the Mosquitto MQTT client to simulate MQTT messages, acting as a virtual device. First, install the Mosquitto client on your computer from [[this link>>url:https://mosquitto.org/download/]]. The Mosquitto client publishes messages to the MQTT broker (HiveMQ) on a specified MQTT topic. ThingsBoard subscribes to these messages using the same topic. 440 440 441 - The Mosquitto client publishesmessages(payloads) on the topic **v1/devices/me/telemetry**. Of course, you can use anytopic for testing.251 +[[image:ThingsBoard-add-integration.png]] 442 442 443 -(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows, which is common for all **~-~-NB** and **~-~-CB** series devices. The **IMEI** field is mandatory and is used to provision a new device with the name assigned to it in ThingsBoard. 444 444 445 -{{code language="none"}} 446 -{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 27, ......} 447 -{{/code}} 254 +The **Add integration** window appears. 448 448 449 - OnceThingsBoardreceivesthis message, it automatically creates (provisions)the device mentionedinthe**IMEI**,for example,S31B-NB.256 +In the **Add integration** window, configure the following settings: 450 450 451 451 452 - ==5.2 Sendingmessages ==259 +**Basic settings:** 453 453 261 +* **Integration type**: UDP 262 +* **Name**: UDP Integration NB/CB 454 454 455 - On the terminal,issue the following MQTTcommandwhich simulates the device S31B-NB. Themessage payload containsthe fields temperature and humidity, which holdthe values S31B-NB and 27, respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.264 +Click **Next** button. 456 456 457 -{{code language="none"}} 458 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "v1/devices/me/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 27}' 459 -{{/code}} 460 460 461 - If thewasperformed without errors, thestatus of theintegrationchanges to 'Active' after thefirsttelemetry transmission.267 +[[image:add-integration-basic-settings.png||height="511" width="500"]] 462 462 463 463 464 - [[image:integration-active.png]]270 +**Uplink data converter:** 465 465 272 +* Click on the **Select existing** button. 273 +* **Uplink data converter**: Select **UDP Uplink Converter NB/CB **from the dropdown list. 466 466 467 - Also, a new devicenamed**S31B-NB** will appear under **//Entities -> Devices -> All//**.This meansthe firstMQTT message triggers ThingsBoard to provisiona device named **S31B-NB**.275 +Click **Next** button. 468 468 469 469 470 -[[image:ne w-device.png]]278 +[[image:add-integration-uplink-data-converter.png||height="511" width="500"]] 471 471 472 472 473 - == 5.3 Viewingmessages==281 +**Downlink data converter:** 474 474 283 +* Click on the **Select existing** button. 284 +* **Downlink data converter**: Select **UDP Downlink Converter NB/CB **from the dropdown list. 475 475 476 - Go backto the**Integrations**page.286 +Click **Next** button. 477 477 478 -Click on the **MQTT integration NB/CB** in the **Integrations** page to see its details. 479 479 480 - Click on the**Edit** button(//**pen**//).289 +[[image:add-integration-downlink-data-converter.png||height="512" width="500"]] 481 481 482 -Click on the **Disabled** button in the upper-right corner. 483 483 484 - Turn on the**All messages (15 min)**option. This will enabledisplaying all messages inthe **Events** tab. This setting will expire in 15 minutes, and you willneed to repeat the same steps if you want to view the messages in the Events tab later.292 +**Connection:** 485 485 486 -Click on the **Apply** button. 294 +* **Port**: 11582 295 +* **Size of the buffer for inbound socket (in KB)**: 64 296 +* **Cache Size**: 10000000 297 +* **Cache time to live in minutes**: 1440 487 487 488 - Thenclickonthe **Apply changes**(//**tick icon**//)button.299 +Copy the two keys, **Integration key** and **Integration secret** into a text editor, as you will need them in the section ‘xxxxx’. 489 489 490 - 491 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-18 at 09.23.10.png]] 492 - 493 - 494 -Now go to the **Events** tab. 495 - 496 -Select the Event type as **Debug** from the dropdown list. 497 - 498 -Now you can see all the Uplink messages you are simulating through the MQTT broker. The status should be OK if there is no errors in your integration. 499 - 500 - 501 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-16 at 18.38.59.png]] 502 - 503 - 504 -Then click on the **three dots (...)** in the **Message** column. You can see the uplink message's **payload** in the **Message** window. 505 - 506 - 507 -[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-16 at 18.39.12.png]] 508 - 509 - 510 -Now, you have successfully tested your integration with a simulated uplink payload and verified that it is received by ThingsBoard, and the device is provisioned. 511 - 512 - 513 -= 6. Creating a Dashboard = 514 - 515 -ThingsBoard **Dashboards** provide a powerful way to visualize and monitor real-time and historical data from connected devices. They allow users to create interactive, customizable panels displaying telemetry data, device status, and other key metrics. With a variety of widgets, including charts, maps, and tables, dashboards help users gain insights, track trends, and manage IoT deployments efficiently. 516 - 517 - 518 -This section guides you on how to create a dashboard to display temperature and humidity data from the device on a time-series chart. You may also use other widgets in ThingsBoard to display data according to your requirements. 519 - 520 - 521 -First simulate a few messages using MQTT. This time, we have added the 'humidity' field to the payload. Eg: 522 - 523 -{{code language="none"}}mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "v1/devices/me/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 22, "humidity":80}'{{/code}} 524 - 525 - 526 -In **ThingsBoard**, from the left navigation menu, click **Dashboards**. Then, click the **+** button and select **Create new dashboard** from the dropdown menu. 527 - 528 - 529 -[[image:dashboard-1.png]] 530 - 531 - 532 -In the **Title** text box, enter **NB/CB Test Dashboard** as the title of the dashboard. 533 - 534 534 Click on the **Add** button. 535 535 536 536 537 -[[image:da shboard-2.png||height="526" width="500"]]304 +[[image:add-integration-connection.png||height="511" width="500"]] 538 538 539 539 540 - Clickonthe**Addwidget/Addnewwidget**button.307 +You should see that the newly added integration is listed on the **Integrations** page. 541 541 309 +Since we haven't received data from a device yet, the integration **Status** is shown as **Pending.** 542 542 543 -[[image: dashboard-3.png]]311 +[[image:Integrations-list.png]] 544 544 545 545 546 - In the**Selectwidgetsbundle**window, click**Charts**.314 += Verifying the receipt of data from the device = 547 547 316 +Connect **S31B-NB** to transfer information. If the integration was performed without errors, after the transmission of the first telemetry, a new device with the name “xxxxx” will appear in the Devices → All. Also, you can verify the input and output data, respectively, before and after conversion in Data converters → UDP Uplink Converter NB/CB → Events. 548 548 549 -[[image:dashboard-4.png||height="537" width="700"]] 550 550 551 - 552 - 553 -In the **Charts: select widget** window, click **Time series chart**. 554 - 555 - 556 -[[image:dashboard-5.png||height="525" width="700"]] 557 - 558 - 559 -Configure the **Time series chart** widget as follows: 560 - 561 -* **Datasource** - select S31B-NB device you provisioned. 562 -* **Series**: 563 -** **temperature** - you can see this key by default. 564 -** **humidity** - Click **Add series** button. Then add the **humidity** for the key and then type **%** as its unit. 565 -* Click on the **Add** button. 566 - 567 -[[image:timeseries-1.png||height="491" width="700"]] 568 - 569 - 570 -The time-series chart will appear in edit mode. Resize it by clicking and dragging the lower-right corner. 571 - 572 -Click the **Save** button to add the widget to the dashboard. 573 - 574 - 575 -[[image:timeseries-3.png||height="347" width="700"]] 576 - 577 - 578 -Now send the following MQTT messages from the terminal to simulate the data. 579 - 580 - 581 -{{code language="none"}} 582 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "v1/devices/me/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 22, "humidity":70}' 583 - 584 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "v1/devices/me/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 27, "humidity":72}' 585 - 586 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "v1/devices/me/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 19, "humidity":80}' 587 - 588 -{{/code}} 589 - 590 -The chart will update with the values in realtime, as shown in the below image. 591 - 592 - 593 -[[image:timeseries-4.png||height="316" width="700"]] 594 - 595 - 596 -= 7. Configure NB-IoT Sensor = 597 - 598 - 599 -Now, let's experiment with sending data to ThingsBoard using a real NB-IoT device. For example, we will use the **S31B-NB**. 600 - 601 -First, configure the NB-IoT device with the necessary MQTT settings using AT commands. Below is a list of AT commands you can use. 602 - 603 - 604 -**AT Commands** 605 - 606 -* **AT+PRO=3,3 **~/~/ Use MQTT to connect to ThingsBoard. Payload Type set to 3. 607 -* **AT+SUBTOPIC=<MQTT subscribe topic> ** 608 -* **AT+PUBTOPIC=<MQTT publish topic> Eg: TS01-NB** 609 -* **AT+CLIENT=null** 610 -* **AT+UNAME=<MQTT Username>** 611 -* **AT+PWD=<MQTT Password>** 612 -* **AT+SERVADDR=<Broker address, Port>** 613 - 614 -Test your uplink by pressing the ACT button for 1 second. 615 - 616 - 617 -The following image shows the uplink payload of a real Dragino device. The publish topic is **TS01-NB**, and the device name is **861275077962896**, which is represented by the **IMEI**. 618 - 619 -[[image:image-4.png]] 620 - 621 - 622 622
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