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Last modified by Dilisi S on 2025/04/23 19:23
From version 153.1
edited by Dilisi S
on 2025/03/17 00:09
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To version 167.1
edited by Dilisi S
on 2025/03/19 03:36
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22 22  To complete this tutorial, you need to have the following:
23 23  
24 24  * ThingsBoard cloud account
25 -* HiveMQ Cloud account
25 +* MQTT Broker (public or private) such as,
26 +** **[[HiveMQ Cloud>>https://www.hivemq.com]] - You can create a free account to try it or subscribe for a paid account. - We use HiveMQ Cloud as the MQTT broker to build example in this tutorial.**
27 +** [[emqx>>https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker]] - The public MQTT server is only used for MOTT learning and testing, and should not be used in the production environment.
28 +** [[lns1.thingseye.io>>http://lns1.thingseye.io/]] - This is Dragino's MQTT broker, which requires a CA certificate to use.
26 26  
27 27  == 2.1 ThingsBoard Cloud ==
28 28  
... ... @@ -66,7 +66,9 @@
66 66  
67 67  == 2.2 HiveMQ Cloud ==
68 68  
72 +=== 2.2.1 HiveMQ Cloud ===
69 69  
74 +
70 70  Go to [[https:~~/~~/www.hivemq.com>>https://www.hivemq.com]]
71 71  
72 72  Click on the **Start Free** button.
... ... @@ -141,6 +141,24 @@
141 141  You will need these MQTT connection parameters when configuring the MQTT integration in the '**Add Integration**' section.
142 142  
143 143  
149 +=== 2.2.2 emqx ===
150 +
151 +
152 +The [[emqx>>https://www.emqx.com/zh/mqtt/public-mqtt5-broker]] public MQTT server is only used for MOTT learning and testing, and should not be used in the production environment.
153 +
154 +
155 +[[image:emqx.png||height="420" width="500"]]
156 +
157 +
158 +=== 2.2.3 Ins1.thingseye.io ===
159 +
160 +[[lns1.thingseye.io>>http://lns1.thingseye.io/]] is the Dragino's MQTT broker, which requires a CA certificate file, Certificate file, and the Private key file to use.
161 +
162 +If customers need to use this MQTT connection with ThingsBoard, they need to contact the TE team to obtain three license files.
163 +
164 +[[image:ins1.png||height="310" width="500"]]
165 +
166 +
144 144  = 3. Data Converters =
145 145  
146 146  
... ... @@ -153,7 +153,6 @@
153 153  In the left navigation, click **Integrations center**, and then click **Data converters**.
154 154  
155 155  
156 -
157 157  [[image:data-converters-list-empty.png]]
158 158  
159 159  
... ... @@ -166,34 +166,130 @@
166 166  
167 167  The **Add data converter** window will appear. Name it ‘**MQTT Uplink Converter NB/CB**’ and select the Type as **Uplink**.
168 168  
169 -Click on the **TBEL** button if not selected it by default. Delete the existing decoder function in the code editor. Now copy and paste the following decoder function written in **TBEL (ThingsBoard Expression Language)** in to the **code editor**. This decoder function is compatible for both NB and CB series devices.
191 +Click on the **JavaScript** button.
170 170  
171 -{{code language="JavaScript"}}
172 -/** Decoder **/
193 +Delete the default decoder function in the code editor. Now copy and paste the following decoder function written in **JavaScript** in to the **code editor**. This decoder function is compatible for both NB and CB series devices.
173 173  
195 +
196 +{{code language="JavaScript"}}
197 +//Version: 0.1
174 174  // decode payload to string
175 175  var payloadStr = decodeToString(payload);
176 -var data = JSON.parse(payloadStr);
177 177  
178 -var deviceName = metadata.topic.split("/")[3];
179 179  // decode payload to JSON
180 -var deviceType = 'sensor';
202 +var objdata = {};
203 +var obj1 = {};
204 +var data = decodeToJson(payload);
205 +var deviceName = data.IMEI;
206 +delete data.IMEI;
207 +var modelname = "Dragino " + data.Model;
208 +//var mod = data.mod
209 +delete data.Model;
210 +//delete data.mod
211 +var timestamp = new Date().getTime();
181 181  
182 -// Result object with device attributes/telemetry data
213 +for (var key in data) {
214 +
215 + if (Number(key)) {
216 + obj1[key] = data[key];
217 + obj1[key][obj1[key].length - 1] = Number(new Date(
218 + obj1[key][obj1[key].length - 1]));
219 +
220 + }
221 +//Alec submitted25/02/25
222 +//turn old key into new
223 + else if (key === "Reading") {
224 + objdata["reading"] = data[key];
225 + } else if (key === "work mode") {
226 + objdata["work_mode"] = data[key];
227 + } else if (key === "hum") {
228 + objdata["humidity"] = data[key];
229 + }else if (key === "hum2") {
230 + objdata["humidity2"] = data[key];
231 + } else if (key === "hum3") {
232 + objdata["humidity3"] = data[key];
233 + } else if (key === "tem") {
234 + objdata["temperature"] = data[key];
235 + } else if (key === "tem2") {
236 + objdata["temperature2"] = data[key];
237 + } else if (key === "tem3") {
238 + objdata["temperature3"] = data[key];
239 + } else if (key === "DS18B20_Temp") {
240 + objdata["temperature_pro"] = data[key];
241 + } else if (key === "ds18b20_temperature") {
242 + objdata["temperature_pro"] = data[key];
243 + } else if (key === "DS18B20_temperature_pro") {
244 + objdata["temperature_pro"] = data[key];
245 + } else if (key === "tdc send flag") {
246 + objdata["tdc_send_flag"] = data[key];
247 + } else if (key === "trigger mode") {
248 + objdata["trigger_mode"] = data[key];
249 + } else if (key === "soil dielectric constant") {
250 + objdata["soil_dielectric_constant"] = data[key];
251 + } else if (key === "door open num") {
252 + objdata["door_open_num"] = data[key];
253 + } else if (key === "door duration") {
254 + objdata["door_duration"] = data[key];
255 + } else if (key === "count time") {
256 + objdata["count_time"] = data[key];
257 + } else if (key === "last open time2") {
258 + objdata["last_open_time2"] = data[key];
259 + } else if (key === "last open time3") {
260 + objdata["last_open_time3"] = data[key];
261 + }
262 +//Alec submitted25/02/25
263 + else {
264 + objdata[key] = data[key]
265 + }
266 +}
267 +var listdata = [{
268 + "ts": timestamp,
269 + "values": objdata
270 +}]
271 +for (var key1 in obj1) {
272 + if (modelname == "Dragino RS485-NB") {
273 + listdata.push({
274 + "ts": obj1[key1][obj1[key1].length - 1],
275 + "values": {
276 + "Payload": obj1[key1][0],
277 + }
278 + })
279 + } else {
280 + listdata.push({
281 + "ts": obj1[key1][obj1[key1].length - 1],
282 + "values": {
283 + "values": obj1[key1]
284 + },
285 + })
286 + }
287 +}
183 183  var result = {
289 +
184 184   deviceName: deviceName,
185 - deviceType: deviceType,
291 + deviceType: modelname,
186 186   attributes: {
187 - integrationName: metadata['integrationName'],
293 + model: modelname,
294 + //customerName: "NB-CB",
295 + //groupName: "NB-CB",
296 + //integrationName: metadata['integrationName']
297 +
188 188   },
189 - telemetry: {
190 - temperature: data.temperature,
191 - humidity: data.humidity,
192 - }
193 -};
299 + telemetry: listdata
300 +}
194 194  
195 -/** Helper functions 'decodeToString' and 'decodeToJson' are already built-in **/
302 +function decodeToString(payload) {
303 + return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, payload);
304 +}
196 196  
306 +function decodeToJson(payload) {
307 + // covert payload to string.
308 + var str = decodeToString(payload);
309 +
310 + // parse string to JSON
311 + var data = JSON.parse(str);
312 + return data;
313 +}
314 +
197 197  return result;
198 198  {{/code}}
199 199  
... ... @@ -201,16 +201,16 @@
201 201  Click on the **Add** button.
202 202  
203 203  
322 +[[image:mqtt-uplink.png||width="500"]]
204 204  
205 -[[image:add-uplink-data-converter.png||height="529" width="500"]]
206 206  
207 207  
208 208  You should see that the newly added **MQTT Uplink converter **NB/CB is listed on the **Data Converters** page.
209 209  
328 +
210 210  [[image:data-converter-list-showing-uplink-dc.png]]
211 211  
212 212  
213 -
214 214  == 3.2 Downlink ==
215 215  
216 216  
... ... @@ -268,7 +268,6 @@
268 268  Click on the **Add** button.
269 269  
270 270  
271 -
272 272  [[image:add-downlink-data-converter.png||height="529" width="500"]]
273 273  
274 274  
... ... @@ -278,7 +278,6 @@
278 278  [[image:data-converters-list.png]]
279 279  
280 280  
281 -
282 282  = 4. Add Integration =
283 283  
284 284  
... ... @@ -306,7 +306,6 @@
306 306  Click **Next** button.
307 307  
308 308  
309 -
310 310  [[image:add-integration-basic-settings.png||height="511" width="500"]]
311 311  
312 312  
... ... @@ -318,7 +318,6 @@
318 318  Click **Next** button.
319 319  
320 320  
321 -
322 322  [[image:add-integration-uplink-data-converter.png||height="511" width="500"]]
323 323  
324 324  
... ... @@ -330,19 +330,18 @@
330 330  Click **Next** button.
331 331  
332 332  
333 -
334 334  [[image:add-integration-downlink-data-converter.png||height="511" width="500"]]
335 335  
336 336  
337 337  **Connection:**
338 338  
339 -* **Host**: Cluster URL (Eg. 011731f7928541588a6cdfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud)
452 +* **Host**: Cluster URL (Eg. 011731f7xxxxxxxxxxxfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud)
340 340  * **Port**: 8883
341 341  * **Credentials**: Basic
342 342  * **Enable SSL**: YES
343 343  * **Username**: Username (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials)
344 344  * **Password:** Password (from your HiveMQ Cloud Cluster with your credentials)
345 -* **Topic:** tb/mqtt-integration-tutorial/sensors/+/telemetry (the + replaces any 'device name' and creates devices in the Entities -> Devices)
458 +* **Topic: v1/devices/+/telemetry** (the + replaces any 'device name' will create a device in the Entities -> Devices)
346 346  * **QoS:** 0-At most once
347 347  
348 348  [[image:add-integration-connection.png||height="511" width="500"]]
... ... @@ -387,36 +387,24 @@
387 387  
388 388  We use the Mosquitto MQTT client to simulate MQTT messages, acting as a virtual device. First, install the Mosquitto client on your computer from [[this link>>url:https://mosquitto.org/download/]]. The Mosquitto client publishes messages to the MQTT broker (HiveMQ) on a specified MQTT topic. ThingsBoard subscribes to these messages using the same topic.
389 389  
390 -The Mosquitto client publishes messages on the topic v1/devices/[device_name]/telemetry. The [device_name]placeholder can be replaced with any device name, for example, 'S31B-NB'. Then, the MQTT topic would be v1/devices/S31B-NB/telemetry.
503 +The Mosquitto client publishes messages (payloads) on the topic **v1/devices/me/telemetry**. Of course, you can use any topic for testing.
391 391  
392 -On the ThingsBoard side, we configure the MQTT topic subscription as v1/devices/+/telemetry. The + wildcard represents any device name and allows ThingsBoard to automatically create (provision) a device with that name, such as S31B-NB, for example.
505 +(% id="cke_bm_37386S" style="display:none" %) (%%)The MQTT payload format is as follows, which is common for all **~-~-NB** and **~-~-CB** series devices. The **IMEI** field is mandatory and is used to provision a new device with the name assigned to it in ThingsBoard.
393 393  
394 -
395 -**The new device is created the first time the MQTT topic is received. For subsequent MQTT topics with the same device name, no duplicate devices will be created.**
396 -
397 -
398 -For example, if you send two MQTT messages with different device names in the topic:
399 -
400 -1. v1/devices/**S31B-NB**/telemetry
401 -1. v1/devices/**LDS25-NB**/telemetry
402 -
403 -ThingsBoard will create two devices named **S31B-NB** and **LDS25-NB** in the **//Devices//** section.
404 -
405 -
406 -The MQTT payload format is as follows, which is common for all ~-~-NB and ~-~-CB series devices:
407 -
408 408  {{code language="none"}}
409 -{"temperature":10.4, "humidity":85}
508 +{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 27, ......}
410 410  {{/code}}
411 411  
511 +Once ThingsBoard receives this message, it automatically creates (provisions) the device mentioned in the **IMEI**, for example, S31B-NB.
412 412  
513 +
413 413  == 5.2 Sending messages ==
414 414  
415 415  
416 -On the terminal, issue the following MQTT command which simulates the device S31B-NB. The message payload contains the fields temperature and humidity, which hold the values 10.4 and 85, respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.
517 +On the terminal, issue the following MQTT command which simulates the device S31B-NB. The message payload contains the fields temperature and humidity, which hold the values S31B-NB and 27, respectively. This payload is also (technically) known as telemetry.
417 417  
418 418  {{code language="none"}}
419 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "tb/mqtt-integration-tutorial/sensors/S31B-NB/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"temperature":10.4, "humidity":85}'
520 +mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928xxxxx.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "v1/devices/me/telemetry" -u "xxxxx" -P "xxxxx" -m '{"IMEI": "S31B-NB", "temperature": 27}'
420 420  {{/code}}
421 421  
422 422  If the integration was performed without errors, the status of the integration changes to 'Active' after the first telemetry transmission.
... ... @@ -428,38 +428,50 @@
428 428  Also, a new device named **S31B-NB** will appear under **//Entities -> Devices -> All//**. This means the first MQTT message triggers ThingsBoard to provision a device named **S31B-NB**.
429 429  
430 430  
431 -[[image:device-provision-1.png]]
532 +[[image:new-device.png]]
432 432  
433 433  
434 -Click on the device S31B-NB on the devices list to see its details.
535 +== 5.3 Viewing messages ==
435 435  
436 -Then go to the **Latest telemetry** tab.
437 437  
438 -You can see the fields temperature and humidity with the values you previously sent using the MQTT message.
439 439  
539 +Go back to the **Integrations** page.
440 440  
441 -[[image:telemetry-1.png]]
541 +Click on the **MQTT integration NB/CB** in the **Integrations** page to see its details.
442 442  
543 +Click on the **Edit** button (//**pen icon**//).
443 443  
444 -Now, change the values of the fields and send the MQTT message again. For example, set temperature to 20 and humidity to 70. Observe how the values update in //Latest Telemetry//.
545 +Click on the **Disabled** button in the upper-right corner.
445 445  
547 +Turn on the **All messages (15 min)** option. This will enable displaying all messages in the **Events** tab. This setting will expire in 15 minutes, and you will need to repeat the same steps if you want to view the messages in the Events tab later.
446 446  
447 -[[image:telemetry-2.png]]
549 +Click on the **Apply** button.
448 448  
551 +Then click on the **Apply changes** (//**tick icon**//) button.
449 449  
450 -Let's provision the second device named **LDS25-NB **with initial telemetry. Use the following MQTT message.
451 451  
554 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-18 at 09.23.10.png]]
452 452  
453 -{{code language="none"}}
454 -mosquitto_pub -d -q 1 -h 011731f7928541588a6cdfbbedfc63f4.s1.eu.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 -t "tb/mqtt-integration-tutorial/sensors/LDS25-NB/telemetry" -u "pradeeka" -P "Kalpani123@" -m '{"temperature":11, "humidity":87}'
455 -{{/code}}
456 456  
457 -Now, refresh the **Devices** page, and you will see the second device, **LDS25-NB**, which was recently provisioned.
557 +Now go to the **Events** tab.
458 458  
559 +Select the Event type as **Debug** from the dropdown list.
459 459  
460 -[[image:device-provision-2.png]]
561 +Now you can see all the Uplink messages you are simulating through the MQTT broker. The status should
461 461  
462 462  
564 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-16 at 18.38.59.png]]
565 +
566 +
567 +Then click on the **three dots (...)** in the **Message** column. You can see the uplink message's **payload** in the **Message** window.
568 +
569 +
570 +[[image:Screenshot 2025-03-16 at 18.39.12.png]]
571 +
572 +
573 +Now, you have successfully tested your integration with a simulated uplink payload and verified that it is received by ThingsBoard, and the device is provisioned.
574 +
575 +
463 463  = 6. Creating a Dashboard =
464 464  
465 465  ThingsBoard **Dashboards** provide a powerful way to visualize and monitor real-time and historical data from connected devices. They allow users to create interactive, customizable panels displaying telemetry data, device status, and other key metrics. With a variety of widgets, including charts, maps, and tables, dashboards help users gain insights, track trends, and manage IoT deployments efficiently.
... ... @@ -557,3 +557,7 @@
557 557  * **AT+SERVADDR=<Broker address, Port>**
558 558  
559 559  Test your uplink by pressing the ACT button for 1 second.
673 +
674 +
675 +
676 +
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