Wiki source code of Cellular network connection details and tips

Version 85.1 by Edwin Chen on 2023/05/05 08:26

version	line-number	content
71.4	1
	2
23.2	3	Table of Contents：
1.2	4
1.1	5	{{toc/}}
	6
23.2	7
	8
82.2	9	= 1. Enable Cellular Connection =
1.1	10
	11
82.3	12	If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.
15.1	13
42.2	14	[[image:image-20220601110850-2.png]]
1.1	15
15.1	16	//Enable Cellular Connection//
	17
42.4	18
1.12	19	(((
82.3	20	If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.
1.12	21	)))
1.1	22
24.2	23	[[image:image-20220527153544-2.png]]
1.1	24
	25
82.2	26	= 2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails =
71.5	27
1.1	28
82.3	29	If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points:
1.1	30
	31
82.2	32	== 2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option ==
71.5	33
15.1	34
82.3	35	Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.
15.1	36
1.2	37	(% class="box" %)
	38	(((
15.1	39	//root@dragino-1bbd90:~~# lsusb
1.2	40	Bus 001 Device 004: ID 2c7c:0125 ~-~-> This is the Cellular module
	41	Bus 001 Device 002: ID 1a40:0101 Terminus Technology Inc. Hub
15.1	42	Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub//
1.2	43	)))
1.1	44
41.2	45	[[image:image-20220601110748-1.png]]
15.1	46
6.1	47
82.2	48	== 2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly ==
71.5	49
1.1	50
82.3	51	Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI
15.1	52
82.3	53	* Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on
	54	* Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.
15.1	55
1.2	56	(% class="box" %)
	57	(((
15.1	58	//root@dragino-1dadd8:~~# comgt -d /dev/ttyUSB3
1.2	59	SIM ready
	60	Waiting for Registration..(120 sec max)
6.1	61	Registered on Home network: "CHN-UNICOM",7
15.1	62	Signal Quality: 10,99//
1.2	63	)))
	64
15.1	65
11.1	66	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
27.2	67	[[image:image-20220527153804-4.png]]
14.1	68
15.1	69
14.1	70	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
82.3	71	(% style="color:red" %)Note:(%%)(% style="color:red" %) If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.
14.1	72
	73	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
82.3	74	Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.
6.1	75
11.1	76	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
27.2	77	[[image:image-20220527153827-5.png]]
11.1	78
27.3	79
82.2	80	== 2.3 Check dialing info ==
71.5	81
1.2	82
82.3	83	run "logread -f" in gateway CLI。
1.2	84
	85	(% class="box" %)
	86	(((
	87	Fri Feb 7 01:20:28 2020 daemon.notice pppd[29452]: pppd 2.4.7 started by root, uid 0
	88	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 user.notice iot_keep_alive: Ping WAN
	89	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 user.notice iot_keep_alive: Default interface is
	90	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 user.notice iot_keep_alive: No internet at any interface
	91	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: abort on (BUSY)
	92	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: abort on (NO CARRIER)
	93	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: abort on (ERROR)
	94	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: report (CONNECT)
	95	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: timeout set to 10 seconds
	96	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (AT&F^M)
	97	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (OK)
	98	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: AT&F^M^M
	99	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: OK
	100	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
	101	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (ATE1^M)
	102	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (OK)
	103	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ^M
	104	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ATE1^M^M
	105	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: OK
	106	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
	107	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP",""^M)
	108	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: timeout set to 30 seconds
	109	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (OK)
	110	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ^M
	111	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP",""^M^M
	112	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: OK
	113	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
27.3	114	(% style="color:#037691" %)*Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (ATD99#^M) ~-~-~-~--> In case the dialling process already reach here.
	115	Normally the problem is with a provider, need to check if the SIM card has balance or other requirement from the cellular operator**(%%)
1.4	116	(% style="color:black" %)Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (CONNECT)
1.2	117	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ^M
	118	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ATD*99#^M^M
	119	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: CONNECT
	120	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
	121	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send ( ^M)
	122	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 daemon.info pppd[29452]: Serial connection established.
	123	)))
	124
65.1	125
82.2	126	== 2.4 If the following situation occurs, how can users solve this problem? ==
71.5	127
82.2	128	=== 2.4.1 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
27.4	129
64.1	130
82.3	131	Users can check whether the APN matched by the SIM card is correct.
64.1	132
82.3	133	Regarding what APN your SIM card should use, Users can search for the APN corresponding to the SIM card by Google or ask the carrier.
64.1	134
71.5	135
64.1	136	[[image:image-20220718155937-1.png\|\|height="562" width="497"]]
	137
	138
82.2	139	=== 2.4.2 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail, and at the same time Network displays the carrier network. ===
71.5	140
64.1	141
82.3	142	It should be SIM card no flow, users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
64.1	143
71.5	144
64.1	145	[[image:1658131428288-728.png\|\|height="538" width="494"]]
	146
	147
82.2	148	=== 2.4.3 The gateway can't read the SIM card, and the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
71.5	149
64.1	150
82.3	151	Users need to check whether the SIM card type is suitable for the EC25 module.
64.1	152
71.5	153
64.1	154	[[image:1658131612484-845.png\|\|height="549" width="499"]]
	155
	156
82.2	157	=== 2.4.4 SIM display：~~SIM ERROR~~** Check SIM is inserted test SIM in a mobile phone？ ===
71.5	158
64.1	159
82.3	160	Users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
64.1	161
71.5	162
64.1	163	[[image:image-20220718160804-3.png\|\|height="602" width="500"]]
	164
71.5	165
82.2	166	= 3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients =
71.5	167
1.2	168
1.12	169	(((
82.3	170	By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.
1.12	171	)))
1.2	172
1.5	173	(% class="box" %)
	174	(((
1.12	175	(((
15.1	176	root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# cat /etc/config/firewall
	177
1.5	178	config defaults
1.2	179	option syn_flood '1'
	180	option input 'ACCEPT'
	181	option output 'ACCEPT'
	182	option forward 'REJECT'
	183	config zone
	184	option name 'lan'
	185	list network 'lan'
	186	option input 'ACCEPT'
	187	option output 'ACCEPT'
1.5	188	option forward 'REJECT'
1.2	189	config zone
	190	option name 'wan'
	191	list network 'wan'
	192	list network 'wwan'
	193	list network 'wan6'
1.5	194	list network 'cellular' ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--> Add this line and reboot
1.2	195	option input 'REJECT'
	196	option output 'ACCEPT'
	197	option forward 'ACCEPT'
	198	option masq '1'
	199	option mtu_fix '1'
	200	config forwarding
	201	option src 'lan'
	202	option dest 'wan'
1.5	203	)))
1.12	204	)))
1.2	205
1.14	206	(((
82.3	207	and run /etc/init.d/firewall reload or reboot the device.
15.1	208
55.1	209
82.2	210	= 4. Switching between Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks =
55.1	211
44.1	212
82.3	213	By default, Cell is the backup WAN where the Ethernet or Wi-Fi network is used first if they are available.
44.1	214
82.3	215	Once the Ethernet of the Wi-Fi network is unavailable where the gateway network will switch to a Cell network from Ethernet or Wi-Fi.
53.1	216
	217
55.1	218	Enable Cellular and connect Ethernet at the same time
53.1	219
71.5	220	ETH icon is displayed as [[image:1658135519305-444.png\|\|height="18" width="19"]] Indicates that Ethernet is the main working network.
53.1	221
71.5	222	Cell icon is displayed as [[image:1658135500498-725.png\|\|height="17" width="17"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
53.1	223
55.1	224
82.2	225	== 4.1 Switching between Cellular and Ethernet networks ==
71.5	226
55.1	227
82.3	228	When connecting to the AP WiFI of the gateway, users can access the Web UI of the gateway through the default address 10.130.1.1
55.1	229
51.1	230	[[image:image-20220606140622-2.png\|\|height="664" width="1106"]]
44.1	231
	232
82.3	233	Remove the network cable from the WAN port on the gateway, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.
53.1	234
	235	[[image:image-20220606140859-4.png\|\|height="687" width="1107"]]
	236
71.5	237	(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
55.1	238
82.2	239	== 4.2 Switching between Cellular and WiFi networks ==
71.5	240
44.1	241
53.1	242	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
82.3	243	Enable Cellular and connect WiFi at the same time
53.1	244
82.3	245	WiFi icon is displayed as [[image:1658135519305-444.png\|\|height="23" width="24"]] Indicates that WiFi is the main working network.
53.1	246
82.3	247	Cell icon is displayed as [[image:1658135500498-725.png\|\|height="23" width="22"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
53.1	248
71.5	249
51.1	250	[[image:image-20220606141113-7.png\|\|height="678" width="1106"]]
	251
53.1	252
82.3	253	Close the WiFi WAN, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.
53.1	254
51.1	255	[[image:image-20220606140932-5.png\|\|height="687" width="1107"]]
	256
45.1	257
82.2	258	== 4.3 At the same time start Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks ==
71.5	259
53.1	260
	261	[[image:image-20220606140328-1.png\|\|height="682" width="1108"]]
	262
15.1	263
1.14	264	)))
1.2	265
82.2	266	= 5. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) =
1.2	267
	268
74.1	269	Users can get the IMEI via Linux command, but you have to access the gateway CLI.
	270
	271	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	272	(((
	273	root@dragino-1b7c4c:~~# comgt -d /dev/ttyModemAT -s /etc/gcom/getimsi.gcom
	274	)))
	275
	276	[[image:image-20221027140604-1.png\|\|height="330" width="707"]]
	277
	278
	279	[[image:image-20221027151146-2.png\|\|height="554" width="1000"]]
	280
	281
	282	== How does the gateway access the Quetel module directly (to send AT commands) ==
	283
	284
82.3	285	Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.
15.1	286
1.13	287	(((
15.1	288
	289
82.3	290	Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".
1.13	291	)))
1.2	292
1.5	293	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	294	(((
71.4	295	root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# minicom -s
1.5	296	)))
1.2	297
31.2	298	[[image:image-20220527154132-6.png]]
1.2	299
	300
15.1	301	And then, change the setting:
1.2	302
15.1	303	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	304	(((
71.5	305	Serial Device : (% style="color:#037691" %)/dev/ttyModemAT
1.2	306
71.5	307	Bps/Par/Bits :(% style="color:#037691" %) 9600 8N1(%%)
15.1	308	)))
1.2	309
15.1	310
82.3	311	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C
15.1	312
31.2	313	[[image:image-20220527154154-7.png]]
1.2	314
	315
81.1	316	=== International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) ===
	317
	318
71.5	319	(((
82.3	320	Enter (% style="color:blue" %)AT+GSN (%%)in the interface to get the IMEI,
71.5	321	)))
1.2	322
71.5	323	(((
82.3	324	For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)
71.5	325	)))
1.2	326
1.6	327	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	328	(((
1.13	329	(((
31.2	330	AT+GSN
1.6	331	)))
1.13	332	)))
1.2	333
31.2	334	[[image:image-20220527154231-8.png]]
1.2	335
18.1	336
81.1	337	=== Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ICCID) ===
71.5	338
81.1	339
	340	(((
82.3	341	Enter (% style="color:blue" %)AT+QCCID (%%)in the interface to get the ICCID,
81.1	342	)))
	343
	344	(((
82.3	345	For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)89860118005400261748(%%)
81.1	346
	347	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	348	(((
	349	AT+QCCID
	350	)))
	351	)))
	352
	353	[[image:1678675878256-777.png]]
	354
1.2	355
82.2	356	= 6. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle =
18.1	357
82.2	358	== 6.1 Introduction ==
1.2	359
20.1	360
82.3	361	(% style="color:red" %)Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware
1.2	362
1.15	363	(((
82.3	364	This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.
20.1	365
	366
1.15	367	)))
1.2	368
1.15	369	(((
82.3	370	Many modes (and most LTE) USB modems provide qmi, mbim, ncm, rndis protocol for connection instead of legacy ppp protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.
1.15	371	)))
1.2	372
1.15	373	(((
82.3	374	This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.
20.1	375
82.3	376	For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]
20.1	377
	378
1.15	379	)))
1.2	380
82.2	381	== 6.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway ==
1.2	382
18.1	383
82.3	384	Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.
1.2	385
1.15	386	(((
82.3	387	For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using Hilink mode or NCM mode.
1.15	388	)))
1.2	389
1.8	390	(% class="box" %)
	391	(((
	392	Huawei-E3372/E8372
16.1	393	Check the (% style="color:#037691" %)E3372(% style="color:black" %) version to determine the mode.
1.2	394	The version numbers starting with 21 is NCM mode
	395	The version numbers starting with 22 is Hilink mode
16.1	396	The E8372 only has Hilink mode
	397	~ (% style="color:red" %)Note： The e3372 in the vast majority of cases is Hilink mode
1.8	398	)))
1.2	399
21.1	400
82.2	401	== 6.3 Hilink mode ==
71.6	402
1.2	403
16.1	404	//Gateway upgrade to the specified firmware:[[Hilink.mode~~-~~-build-v5.4.1625627505>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/USB-Dongle_firmware/Hilink.mode--build-v5.4.1625627505-20210707-1113/]]//
1.2	405
18.1	406
82.2	407	=== 6.3.1 Plugs into the device ===
71.6	408
1.2	409
1.16	410	(((
82.3	411	USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port
1.16	412	)))
1.2	413
1.16	414	(((
82.3	415	Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)lsusb
1.16	416	)))
1.2	417
1.16	418	(((
82.3	419	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.
1.16	420	)))
1.2	421
32.2	422	[[image:image-20220527154739-9.png]]
1.2	423
18.1	424
82.2	425	=== 6.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added ===
71.6	426
1.2	427
82.3	428	Check network configuration command line input:
1.2	429
16.1	430	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	431	(((
	432	(((
71.3	433	~ root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# ifconfig -a
16.1	434	)))
	435	)))
1.2	436
33.2	437	[[image:image-20220527154822-10.png]]
1.2	438
82.3	439	In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)eth2
1.2	440
82.3	441	Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)eth2 (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)wwan0
1.2	442
18.1	443
82.2	444	=== 6.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration. ===
71.6	445
1.2	446
16.1	447	//Enter the configuration from the command line~://
1.2	448
1.11	449	(% class="box" %)
	450	(((
	451	uci set network.lte=interface
1.2	452	uci set network.lte.proto=dhcp
1.11	453	uci set network.lte.ifname=eth2 ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-->#This depend on the name of the new interface gateway add
1.2	454	uci commit network
	455	uci set firewall.@zone[1].network="wan wwan wan6 lte"
	456	uci commit firewall
	457	/etc/init.d/network restart
1.11	458	)))
1.2	459
34.2	460	[[image:image-20220527154937-11.png]]
1.2	461
	462
19.1	463	//Checking Network Configurations//
18.1	464
16.1	465	//Command-line input: (% style="color:#037691" %)ifconfig//
1.2	466
35.2	467	[[image:image-20220527155013-12.png]]
1.2	468
82.3	469	Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.
1.2	470
18.1	471
82.2	472	== 6.4 NCM mode ==
71.6	473
1.2	474
82.2	475	== 6.5 Troubleshooting ==
18.1	476
82.2	477	=== 6.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address. ===
1.2	478
18.1	479
82.3	480	Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.
1.2	481
18.1	482
82.2	483	= 7. How to reduce data traffic =
71.6	484
83.1	485	== 7.1 How the gateway will consume data traffic ==
1.2	486
83.1	487	Below list the place where the data traffic will use.
18.1	488
83.1	489	* Valid uplink data to LoRaWAN server or IoT server. ( We can't reduce this as they are the data we want)
	490	* Invalid uplink sensor data to LoRaWAN serevr. ( See Filter unwanted packets)
	491	* LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server . ( We can reduce this part , see below for discussion)
	492	* System Keep Alive data. ( To ensure the system is more robust, can be disabled)
	493	* Auto update ( Software auto update, can be disabled)
18.1	494
83.1	495	=== 7.1.1 LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server ===
1.2	496
83.1	497	When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol, besides the sensor data uplink/downlink. gateway will still need to:
1.2	498
83.1	499	* Uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server every 30s. the users can adjust Keep Alive Period as below
	500	* Check LoRaWAN server status every 5 seconds to see if there is valid downlink command to sensors. We don't provide WEB UI option to modify this time, because the modify of this settings will lead to fail on OTAA Join and Downlink commands.
	501
36.2	502	[[image:image-20220527155108-13.png]]
1.2	503
18.1	504
83.1	505	=== 7.1.2 System Keep Alive data ===
71.3	506
83.1	507	System Keep Alive Data is used to check gateway-network status and fix possible issue. Gateway will check every 15 seconds and generate traffic.
1.2	508
83.1	509	Base on 15 seconds per check, the data traffic is about 2M data traffic per day. Users can adjust Keepalive Interval as below.
1.2	510
84.1	511	[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png\|\|height="511" width="986"]]
1.2	512
	513
83.1	514	=== 7.1.3 Auto update ===
1.2	515
83.1	516	Gateway will check for update every day for new configure or software. User can disable them by below method.
39.2	517
1.2	518
83.1	519	=== 7.1.4 Filter unwanted packets ===
43.1	520
84.1	521	When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol , Gateway will by default get every possible LoRaWAN packets and forward to LoRaWAN server. If there are sensors from others in the same area, such sensor data will also be forward to LoRaWAN server ( they will be ignore by the server). This also consume data.
71.6	522
43.1	523	See [[How to filter unwanted packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
	524
76.1	525
85.1	526	== 7.2 Usage statistics ==
76.1	527
	528
	529	~1. Activate LuCI and connect to SSH following [[these instructions>>doc:Main.Install Luci in the new UI firmware.WebHome]]
	530
	531	2. Install luci-app-statistics using the following terminal commands:
	532
	533	{{{opkg update
	534	opkg install luci-app-statistics
	535	opkg install collectd-mod-interface
	536	/etc/init.d/collectd enable
	537	reboot
	538	}}}
	539
79.1	540	3. Select the interface to be monitored by going to Statistics > Setup in the upper menu then Network plugins > Interfaces. Select 3g-cellular in the list then save. You can select multiple interfaces by pressing the ctrl key while selecting the interfaces.
76.1	541
79.1	542	[[image:image-20221124133431-1.png]]
76.1	543
79.1	544	[[image:image-20221124135102-2.png]]
	545
82.3	546
79.1	547	4. View the graphs and statistics using by going to Statistics > Graphs > Interfaces > 3g-cellullar
	548
	549	[[image:image-20221124134927-1.png]]
	550
	551

Wiki source code of Cellular network connection details and tips

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