Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2024/12/31 16:38
<
From version < 71.4 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/21 18:02
To version < 85.1 >
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2023/05/05 08:26
>
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
1 -Notes for cellular network connection
1 +Cellular network connection details and tips
Author
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
Content
... ... @@ -6,10 +6,10 @@
6 6  
7 7  
8 8  
9 -= **1. Enable Cellular Connection** =
9 += 1. Enable Cellular Connection =
10 10  
11 11  
12 -//If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.//
12 +If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.
13 13  
14 14  [[image:image-20220601110850-2.png]]
15 15  
... ... @@ -17,22 +17,22 @@
17 17  
18 18  
19 19  (((
20 -//If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.//
20 +If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.
21 21  )))
22 22  
23 23  [[image:image-20220527153544-2.png]]
24 24  
25 25  
26 -= **2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails** =
26 += 2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails =
27 27  
28 28  
29 -//If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points~://
29 +If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points:
30 30  
31 31  
32 -== **2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option** ==
32 +== 2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option ==
33 33  
34 34  
35 -//Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.//
35 +Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.
36 36  
37 37  (% class="box" %)
38 38  (((
... ... @@ -45,13 +45,13 @@
45 45  [[image:image-20220601110748-1.png]]
46 46  
47 47  
48 -== **2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly** ==
48 +== 2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly ==
49 49  
50 50  
51 -**//Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI//**
51 +**Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI**
52 52  
53 -* //Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on//
54 -* //Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.//
53 +* Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on
54 +* Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.
55 55  
56 56  (% class="box" %)
57 57  (((
... ... @@ -68,19 +68,20 @@
68 68  
69 69  
70 70  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
71 -//**​​(% style="color:red" %)Note:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) **If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.**//
71 +**​​(% style="color:red" %)Note:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) **If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.**
72 72  
73 73  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
74 -//Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.//
74 +Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.
75 75  
76 76  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
77 77  [[image:image-20220527153827-5.png]]
78 78  
79 79  
80 -== **2.3 Check dialing info** ==
80 +== 2.3 Check dialing info ==
81 81  
82 -//run "**logread -f**" in gateway CLI。//
83 83  
83 +run "**logread -f**" in gateway CLI。
84 +
84 84  (% class="box" %)
85 85  (((
86 86  Fri Feb  7 01:20:28 2020 daemon.notice pppd[29452]: pppd 2.4.7 started by root, uid 0
... ... @@ -122,47 +122,51 @@
122 122  )))
123 123  
124 124  
125 -== **2.4 If the following situation occurs, how can users solve this problem?** ==
126 +== 2.4 If the following situation occurs, how can users solve this problem? ==
126 126  
128 +=== 2.4.1 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
127 127  
128 -=== **2.4.1 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail.** ===
129 129  
131 +Users can check whether the APN matched by the SIM card is correct.
130 130  
131 -//Users can check whether the APN matched by the SIM card is correct.//
133 +Regarding what APN your SIM card should use, Users can search for the APN corresponding to the SIM card by Google or ask the carrier.
132 132  
133 -//Regarding what APN your SIM card should use, Users can search for the APN corresponding to the SIM card by Google or ask the carrier.//
134 134  
135 135  [[image:image-20220718155937-1.png||height="562" width="497"]]
136 136  
137 137  
138 -=== **2.4.2 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail, and at the same time Network displays the carrier network.** ===
139 +=== 2.4.2 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail, and at the same time Network displays the carrier network. ===
139 139  
140 140  
141 -//It should be SIM card no flow, users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.//
142 +It should be SIM card no flow, users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
142 142  
144 +
143 143  [[image:1658131428288-728.png||height="538" width="494"]]
144 144  
145 145  
146 -=== **2.4.3 The gateway can't read the SIM card, and the Internet is displayed as Fail.** ===
148 +=== 2.4.3 The gateway can't read the SIM card, and the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
147 147  
148 148  
149 -//Users need to check whether the SIM card type is suitable for the EC25 module.//
151 +Users need to check whether the SIM card type is suitable for the EC25 module.
150 150  
153 +
151 151  [[image:1658131612484-845.png||height="549" width="499"]]
152 152  
153 153  
154 -=== **2.4.4 SIM display：~*~**SIM ERROR~*~** Check SIM is inserted test SIM in a mobile phone？** ===
157 +=== 2.4.4 SIM display：~*~**SIM ERROR~*~** Check SIM is inserted test SIM in a mobile phone？ ===
155 155  
156 156  
157 -//Users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.//
160 +Users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
158 158  
162 +
159 159  [[image:image-20220718160804-3.png||height="602" width="500"]]
160 160  
161 -= **3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients** =
162 162  
166 += 3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients =
163 163  
168 +
164 164  (((
165 -//By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.//
170 +By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.
166 166  )))
167 167  
168 168  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -199,58 +199,58 @@
199 199  )))
200 200  
201 201  (((
202 -//and run **/etc/init.d/firewall reload** or reboot the device.//
207 +and run **/etc/init.d/firewall reload** or **reboot the device**.
203 203  
204 204  
210 += 4. Switching between Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks =
205 205  
206 -= **4. Switching between Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks** =
207 207  
213 +By default, Cell is the backup WAN where the Ethernet or Wi-Fi network is used first if they are available.
208 208  
209 -//By default, Cell is the backup WAN where the Ethernet or Wi-Fi network is used first if they are available.//
215 +Once the Ethernet of the Wi-Fi network is unavailable where the gateway network will switch to a Cell network from Ethernet or Wi-Fi.
210 210  
211 -//Once the Ethernet of the Wi-Fi network is unavailable where the gateway network will switch to a Cell network from Ethernet or Wi-Fi.//
212 212  
213 -
214 -
215 215  **Enable Cellular and connect Ethernet at the same time**
216 216  
217 -ETH icon is displayed as ​​​ [[image:1658135519305-444.png]] Indicates that Ethernet is the main working network.
220 +ETH icon is displayed as ​​​ [[image:1658135519305-444.png||height="18" width="19"]] Indicates that Ethernet is the main working network.
218 218  
219 -Cell icon is displayed as  [[image:1658135500498-725.png]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
222 +Cell icon is displayed as  [[image:1658135500498-725.png||height="17" width="17"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
220 220  
221 221  
222 -== **4.1 Switching between Cellular and Ethernet networks** ==
225 +== 4.1 Switching between Cellular and Ethernet networks ==
223 223  
224 224  
225 -//When connecting to the AP WiFI of the gateway, users can access the Web UI of the gateway through the default address 10.130.1.1//
228 +When connecting to the AP WiFI of the gateway, users can access the Web UI of the gateway through the default address 10.130.1.1
226 226  
227 227  [[image:image-20220606140622-2.png||height="664" width="1106"]]
228 228  
229 229  
230 -//**Remove the network cable from the WAN port on the gateway, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**//
233 +**Remove the network cable from the WAN port on the gateway, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**
231 231  
232 232  [[image:image-20220606140859-4.png||height="687" width="1107"]]
233 233  
237 +(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
234 234  
235 -== **4.2 Switching between Cellular and WiFi networks** ==
239 +== 4.2 Switching between Cellular and WiFi networks ==
236 236  
237 237  
238 238  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
239 -//Enable **Cellular** and connect **WiFi** at the same time//
243 +Enable **Cellular** and connect **WiFi** at the same time
240 240  
241 -//WiFi icon is displayed as ​​​//[[image:1658135519305-444.png]]// Indicates that WiFi is the main working network.//
245 +WiFi icon is displayed as ​​​[[image:1658135519305-444.png||height="23" width="24"]] Indicates that WiFi is the main working network.
242 242  
243 -//Cell icon is displayed as  //[[image:1658135500498-725.png]]// Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.//
247 +Cell icon is displayed as  [[image:1658135500498-725.png||height="23" width="22"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
244 244  
249 +
245 245  [[image:image-20220606141113-7.png||height="678" width="1106"]]
246 246  
247 247  
248 -//**Close the WiFi WAN, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**//
253 +**Close the WiFi WAN, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**
249 249  
250 250  [[image:image-20220606140932-5.png||height="687" width="1107"]]
251 251  
252 252  
253 -== **4.3 At the same time start Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks** ==
258 +== 4.3 At the same time start Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks ==
254 254  
255 255  
256 256  [[image:image-20220606140328-1.png||height="682" width="1108"]]
... ... @@ -258,15 +258,31 @@
258 258  
259 259  )))
260 260  
261 -= **5. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)** =
266 += 5. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) =
262 262  
263 263  
264 -//Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.//
269 +Users can get the IMEI via Linux command, but you have to access the gateway CLI.
265 265  
271 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
266 266  (((
273 +**root@dragino-1b7c4c:~~# comgt -d /dev/ttyModemAT -s /etc/gcom/getimsi.gcom **
274 +)))
275 +
276 +[[image:image-20221027140604-1.png||height="330" width="707"]]
277 +
278 +
279 +[[image:image-20221027151146-2.png||height="554" width="1000"]]
280 +
281 +
282 +== **How does the gateway access the Quetel module directly (to send AT commands)** ==
283 +
284 +
285 +Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.
286 +
287 +(((
267 267  
268 268  
269 -**//Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".//**
290 +**Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".**
270 270  )))
271 271  
272 272  (% class="box infomessage" %)
... ... @@ -281,21 +281,28 @@
281 281  
282 282  (% class="box infomessage" %)
283 283  (((
284 -(% style="color:black" %)**Serial Device :** (% style="color:#037691" %)**/dev/ttyModemAT**
305 +**Serial Device :** (% style="color:#037691" %)**/dev/ttyModemAT**
285 285  
286 -(% style="color:black" %)**Bps/Par/Bits :**(% style="color:#037691" %)** 9600 8N1**
307 +**Bps/Par/Bits :(% style="color:#037691" %) 9600 8N1(%%)**
287 287  )))
288 288  
289 289  
290 -//**Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C**//
311 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C**
291 291  
292 292  [[image:image-20220527154154-7.png]]
293 293  
294 294  
295 -//Enter **AT+GSN **in the interface to get the IMEI,//
316 +=== **International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)** ===
296 296  
297 -// **For example (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)**//
298 298  
319 +(((
320 +Enter (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+GSN **(%%)in the interface to get the IMEI,
321 +)))
322 +
323 +(((
324 +**For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)**
325 +)))
326 +
299 299  (% class="box infomessage" %)
300 300  (((
301 301  (((
... ... @@ -306,39 +306,57 @@
306 306  [[image:image-20220527154231-8.png]]
307 307  
308 308  
309 -= **6. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle** =
337 +=== **Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ICCID)** ===
310 310  
311 311  
312 -== **6.1 Introduction** ==
340 +(((
341 +Enter (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+QCCID **(%%)in the interface to get the ICCID,
342 +)))
313 313  
344 +(((
345 +**For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)89860118005400261748(%%)**
314 314  
315 -(% style="color:red" %)**//Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware//**
347 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
348 +(((
349 + **AT+QCCID**
350 +)))
351 +)))
316 316  
353 +[[image:1678675878256-777.png]]
354 +
355 +
356 += 6. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle =
357 +
358 +== 6.1 Introduction ==
359 +
360 +
361 +(% style="color:red" %)**Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware**
362 +
317 317  (((
318 -//This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.//
364 +This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.
319 319  
320 320  
321 321  )))
322 322  
323 323  (((
324 -//Many modes (and most **LTE**) USB modems provide **qmi**, **mbim**, **ncm**, **rndis** protocol for connection instead of legacy **ppp** protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.//
370 +Many modes (and most **LTE**) USB modems provide **qmi**, **mbim**, **ncm**, **rndis** protocol for connection instead of legacy **ppp** protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.
325 325  )))
326 326  
327 327  (((
328 -//This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.//
374 +This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.
329 329  
330 -//For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]//
376 +For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]
331 331  
332 332  
333 333  )))
334 334  
335 -== **6.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway** ==
381 +== 6.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway ==
336 336  
337 337  
338 -//Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.//
384 +Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.
339 339  
340 340  (((
341 -//For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using **Hilink mode** or **NCM mode**.//
387 +For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using **Hilink mode** or **NCM mode**.
342 342  )))
343 343  
344 344  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -352,34 +352,34 @@
352 352  )))
353 353  
354 354  
355 -== **6.3 Hilink mode** ==
401 +== 6.3 Hilink mode ==
356 356  
357 357  
358 358  //Gateway upgrade to the specified firmware:[[Hilink.mode~~-~~-build-v5.4.1625627505>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/USB-Dongle_firmware/Hilink.mode--build-v5.4.1625627505-20210707-1113/]]//
359 359  
360 360  
361 -=== **6.3.1 Plugs into the device** ===
407 +=== 6.3.1 Plugs into the device ===
362 362  
363 363  
364 364  (((
365 -//USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port//
411 +USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port
366 366  )))
367 367  
368 368  (((
369 -//Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)**lsusb**//
415 +Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)**lsusb**
370 370  )))
371 371  
372 372  (((
373 -(% style="color:red" %)//**Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.**//
419 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.**
374 374  )))
375 375  
376 376  [[image:image-20220527154739-9.png]]
377 377  
378 378  
379 -=== **6.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added** ===
425 +=== 6.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added ===
380 380  
381 381  
382 -//Check network configuration command line input: //
428 +Check network configuration command line input:
383 383  
384 384  (% class="box infomessage" %)
385 385  (((
... ... @@ -390,12 +390,12 @@
390 390  
391 391  [[image:image-20220527154822-10.png]]
392 392  
393 -//In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2**//
439 +In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2**
394 394  
395 -//Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2** (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)**wwan0**//
441 +Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2** (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)**wwan0**
396 396  
397 397  
398 -=== **6.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration.** ===
444 +=== 6.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration. ===
399 399  
400 400  
401 401  //Enter the configuration from the command line~://
... ... @@ -420,54 +420,86 @@
420 420  
421 421  [[image:image-20220527155013-12.png]]
422 422  
423 -//Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.//
469 +Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.
424 424  
425 425  
426 -== **6.4 NCM mode** ==
472 +== 6.4 NCM mode ==
427 427  
428 428  
429 -== **6.5 Troubleshooting** ==
475 +== 6.5 Troubleshooting ==
430 430  
477 +=== 6.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address. ===
431 431  
432 -=== **6.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address.** ===
433 433  
480 +Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.
434 434  
435 -//Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.//
436 436  
483 += 7. How to reduce data traffic =
437 437  
438 -= **7. How to reduce data traffic** =
485 +== 7.1 How the gateway will consume data traffic ==
439 439  
487 +Below list the place where the data traffic will use.
440 440  
441 -== **7.1 Reduce Status Uplink Interval** ==
489 +* Valid uplink data to LoRaWAN server or IoT server. ( We can't reduce this as they are the data we want)
490 +* Invalid uplink sensor data to LoRaWAN serevr. ( See Filter unwanted packets)
491 +* LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server . ( We can reduce this part , see below for discussion)
492 +* System Keep Alive data. ( To ensure the system is more robust, can be disabled)
493 +* Auto update ( Software auto update, can be disabled)
442 442  
495 +=== 7.1.1 LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server ===
443 443  
444 -**//The gateways will use the data traffic below two places.//**
497 +When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol, besides the sensor data uplink/downlink. gateway will still need to:
445 445  
499 +* Uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server every 30s. the users can adjust **Keep Alive Period** as below
500 +* Check LoRaWAN server status every 5 seconds to see if there is valid downlink command to sensors. We don't provide WEB UI option to modify this time, because the modify of this settings will lead to fail on OTAA Join and Downlink commands.
446 446  
447 -//1. There is the data traffic from LoRa package Forward which were the gateway status package and sensor end node uplink/downlink.//
448 -
449 -//For this case, by default, the gateway will uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server per the 30s. the users can adjust the interval time.//
450 -
451 451  [[image:image-20220527155108-13.png]]
452 452  
453 453  
505 +=== 7.1.2 System Keep Alive data ===
454 454  
455 -//2. There is the data traffic from the gateway check self-network status. by default, the gateway will check the network per 15s.//
507 +System Keep Alive Data is used to check gateway-network status and fix possible issue. Gateway will check every 15 seconds and generate traffic.
456 456  
457 -//For this case, We have monitored the loss of data traffic, which is the loss of 2M data traffic per day. the users can adjust the interval time following screenshots.//
509 +Base on 15 seconds per check, the data traffic is about 2M data traffic per day. Users can adjust **Keepalive Interval** as below.
458 458  
459 -[[image:image-20220527155358-16.png]]
511 +[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png||height="511" width="986"]]
460 460  
461 -//System General interface//
462 462  
514 +=== 7.1.3 Auto update ===
463 463  
464 -[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png]]
516 +Gateway will check for update every day for new configure or software. User can disable them by below method.
465 465  
466 -//Keepalive script interval time settings//
467 467  
519 +=== 7.1.4 Filter unwanted packets ===
468 468  
469 -== **7.2 Filter unwanted packets** ==
521 +When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol , Gateway will by default get every possible LoRaWAN packets and forward to LoRaWAN server. If there are sensors from others in the same area, such sensor data will also be forward to LoRaWAN server ( they will be ignore by the server). This also consume data.
470 470  
471 471  See [[How to filter unwanted packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
472 472  
525 +
526 +== 7.2 Usage statistics ==
527 +
528 +
529 +~1. Activate LuCI and connect to SSH following [[these instructions>>doc:Main.Install Luci in the new UI firmware.WebHome]]
530 +
531 +2. Install luci-app-statistics using the following terminal commands:
532 +
533 +{{{opkg update
534 +opkg install luci-app-statistics
535 +opkg install collectd-mod-interface
536 +/etc/init.d/collectd enable
537 +reboot
538 +}}}
539 +
540 +3. Select the interface to be monitored by going to **Statistics > Setup **in the upper menu then **Network plugins > Interfaces. **Select **3g-cellular **in the list then save. You can select multiple interfaces by pressing the **ctrl key **while selecting the interfaces.
541 +
542 +[[image:image-20221124133431-1.png]]
543 +
544 +[[image:image-20221124135102-2.png]]
545 +
546 +
547 +4. View the graphs and statistics using by going to **Statistics > Graphs** **> Interfaces > 3g-cellullar**
548 +
549 +[[image:image-20221124134927-1.png]]
550 +
473 473  
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