Last modified by Xiaoling on 2024/08/08 09:05
<
From version < 42.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/01 11:09
To version < 87.1 >
edited by Xiaoye
on 2023/11/25 10:58
>
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Title
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1 -Notes for cellular network connection
1 +Cellular network connection details and tips
Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Xiaoye
Content
... ... @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
1 +
2 +
1 1  **Table of Contents：**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
... ... @@ -4,32 +4,33 @@
4 4  
5 5  
6 6  
7 -= **1. Enable Cellular Connection** =
9 += 1. Enable Cellular Connection =
8 8  
9 9  
10 -//If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.//
12 +If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.
11 11  
12 12  [[image:image-20220601110850-2.png]]
13 13  
14 14  **//Enable Cellular Connection//**
15 15  
18 +
16 16  (((
17 -//If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.//
20 +If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.
18 18  )))
19 19  
20 20  [[image:image-20220527153544-2.png]]
21 21  
22 22  
23 -= **2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails** =
26 += 2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails =
24 24  
25 25  
26 -//If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points~://
29 +If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points:
27 27  
28 28  
29 -== **2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option** ==
32 +== 2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option ==
30 30  
31 31  
32 -//Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.//
35 +Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.
33 33  
34 34  (% class="box" %)
35 35  (((
... ... @@ -42,13 +42,13 @@
42 42  [[image:image-20220601110748-1.png]]
43 43  
44 44  
45 -== **2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly** ==
48 +== 2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly ==
46 46  
47 47  
48 -**//Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI//**
51 +**Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI**
49 49  
50 -* //Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on//
51 -* //Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.//
53 +* Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on
54 +* Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.
52 52  
53 53  (% class="box" %)
54 54  (((
... ... @@ -65,19 +65,20 @@
65 65  
66 66  
67 67  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
68 -//**Note:** If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.//
71 +**​​(% style="color:red" %)Note:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) **If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.**
69 69  
70 70  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
71 -//Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.//
74 +Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.
72 72  
73 73  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
74 74  [[image:image-20220527153827-5.png]]
75 75  
76 76  
77 -== **2.3 Check dialing info** ==
80 +== 2.3 Check dialing info ==
78 78  
79 -//run "**logread -f**" in gateway CLI。//
80 80  
83 +run "**logread -f**" in gateway CLI。
84 +
81 81  (% class="box" %)
82 82  (((
83 83  Fri Feb  7 01:20:28 2020 daemon.notice pppd[29452]: pppd 2.4.7 started by root, uid 0
... ... @@ -119,11 +119,51 @@
119 119  )))
120 120  
121 121  
122 -= **3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients** =
126 +== 2.4 If the following situation occurs, how can users solve this problem? ==
123 123  
128 +=== 2.4.1 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
124 124  
130 +
131 +Users can check whether the APN matched by the SIM card is correct.
132 +
133 +Regarding what APN your SIM card should use, Users can search for the APN corresponding to the SIM card by Google or ask the carrier.
134 +
135 +
136 +[[image:image-20220718155937-1.png||height="562" width="497"]]
137 +
138 +
139 +=== 2.4.2 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail, and at the same time Network displays the carrier network. ===
140 +
141 +
142 +It should be SIM card no flow, users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
143 +
144 +
145 +[[image:1658131428288-728.png||height="538" width="494"]]
146 +
147 +
148 +=== 2.4.3 The gateway can't read the SIM card, and the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
149 +
150 +
151 +Users need to check whether the SIM card type is suitable for the EC25 module.
152 +
153 +
154 +[[image:1658131612484-845.png||height="549" width="499"]]
155 +
156 +
157 +=== 2.4.4 SIM display：~*~**SIM ERROR~*~** Check SIM is inserted test SIM in a mobile phone？ ===
158 +
159 +
160 +Users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
161 +
162 +
163 +[[image:image-20220718160804-3.png||height="602" width="500"]]
164 +
165 +
166 += 3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients =
167 +
168 +
125 125  (((
126 -//By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.//
170 +By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.
127 127  )))
128 128  
129 129  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -160,25 +160,95 @@
160 160  )))
161 161  
162 162  (((
163 -//and run **/etc/init.d/firewall reload** or reboot the device.//
207 +and run **/etc/init.d/firewall reload** or **reboot the device**.
164 164  
209 +
210 += 4. Switching between Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks =
211 +
212 +
213 +By default, Cell is the backup WAN where the Ethernet or Wi-Fi network is used first if they are available.
214 +
215 +Once the Ethernet of the Wi-Fi network is unavailable where the gateway network will switch to a Cell network from Ethernet or Wi-Fi.
216 +
217 +
218 +**Enable Cellular and connect Ethernet at the same time**
219 +
220 +ETH icon is displayed as ​​​ [[image:1658135519305-444.png||height="18" width="19"]] Indicates that Ethernet is the main working network.
221 +
222 +Cell icon is displayed as  [[image:1658135500498-725.png||height="17" width="17"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
223 +
224 +
225 +== 4.1 Switching between Cellular and Ethernet networks ==
226 +
227 +
228 +When connecting to the AP WiFI of the gateway, users can access the Web UI of the gateway through the default address 10.130.1.1
229 +
230 +[[image:image-20220606140622-2.png||height="664" width="1106"]]
231 +
232 +
233 +**Remove the network cable from the WAN port on the gateway, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**
234 +
235 +[[image:image-20220606140859-4.png||height="687" width="1107"]]
236 +
237 +(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
238 +
239 +== 4.2 Switching between Cellular and WiFi networks ==
240 +
241 +
242 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
243 +Enable **Cellular** and connect **WiFi** at the same time
244 +
245 +WiFi icon is displayed as ​​​[[image:1658135519305-444.png||height="23" width="24"]] Indicates that WiFi is the main working network.
246 +
247 +Cell icon is displayed as  [[image:1658135500498-725.png||height="23" width="22"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
248 +
249 +
250 +[[image:image-20220606141113-7.png||height="678" width="1106"]]
251 +
252 +
253 +**Close the WiFi WAN, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**
254 +
255 +[[image:image-20220606140932-5.png||height="687" width="1107"]]
256 +
257 +
258 +== 4.3 At the same time start Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks ==
259 +
260 +
261 +[[image:image-20220606140328-1.png||height="682" width="1108"]]
262 +
165 165  
166 166  )))
167 167  
168 -= **4. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)** =
266 += 5. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) =
169 169  
170 170  
171 -//Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.//
269 +Users can get the IMEI via Linux command, but you have to access the gateway CLI.
172 172  
271 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
173 173  (((
273 +**root@dragino-1b7c4c:~~# comgt -d /dev/ttyModemAT -s /etc/gcom/getimsi.gcom **
274 +)))
275 +
276 +[[image:image-20221027140604-1.png||height="330" width="707"]]
277 +
278 +
279 +[[image:image-20221027151146-2.png||height="554" width="1000"]]
280 +
281 +
282 +== **How does the gateway access the Quetel module directly (to send AT commands)** ==
283 +
284 +
285 +Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.
286 +
287 +(((
174 174  
175 175  
176 -**//Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".//**
290 +**Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".**
177 177  )))
178 178  
179 179  (% class="box infomessage" %)
180 180  (((
181 -root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# minicom -s
295 +**root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# minicom -s**
182 182  )))
183 183  
184 184  [[image:image-20220527154132-6.png]]
... ... @@ -188,21 +188,28 @@
188 188  
189 189  (% class="box infomessage" %)
190 190  (((
191 -(% style="color:black" %)**Serial Device :** (% style="color:#037691" %)**/dev/ttyModemAT**
305 +**Serial Device :** (% style="color:#037691" %)**/dev/ttyModemAT**
192 192  
193 -(% style="color:black" %)**Bps/Par/Bits :**(% style="color:#037691" %)** 9600 8N1**
307 +**Bps/Par/Bits :(% style="color:#037691" %) 9600 8N1(%%)**
194 194  )))
195 195  
196 196  
197 -//**Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C**//
311 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C**
198 198  
199 199  [[image:image-20220527154154-7.png]]
200 200  
201 201  
202 -//Enter **AT+GSN **in the interface to get the IMEI,//
316 +=== **International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)** ===
203 203  
204 -// **For example (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)**//
205 205  
319 +(((
320 +Enter (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+GSN **(%%)in the interface to get the IMEI,
321 +)))
322 +
323 +(((
324 +**For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)**
325 +)))
326 +
206 206  (% class="box infomessage" %)
207 207  (((
208 208  (((
... ... @@ -213,39 +213,57 @@
213 213  [[image:image-20220527154231-8.png]]
214 214  
215 215  
216 -= **5. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle** =
337 +=== **Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ICCID)** ===
217 217  
218 218  
219 -== **5.1 Introduction** ==
340 +(((
341 +Enter (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+QCCID **(%%)in the interface to get the ICCID,
342 +)))
220 220  
344 +(((
345 +**For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)89860118005400261748(%%)**
221 221  
222 -(% style="color:red" %)**//Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware//**
347 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
348 +(((
349 + **AT+QCCID**
350 +)))
351 +)))
223 223  
353 +[[image:1678675878256-777.png]]
354 +
355 +
356 += 6. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle =
357 +
358 +== 6.1 Introduction ==
359 +
360 +
361 +(% style="color:red" %)**Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware**
362 +
224 224  (((
225 -//This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.//
364 +This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.
226 226  
227 227  
228 228  )))
229 229  
230 230  (((
231 -//Many modes (and most **LTE**) USB modems provide **qmi**, **mbim**, **ncm**, **rndis** protocol for connection instead of legacy **ppp** protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.//
370 +Many modes (and most **LTE**) USB modems provide **qmi**, **mbim**, **ncm**, **rndis** protocol for connection instead of legacy **ppp** protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.
232 232  )))
233 233  
234 234  (((
235 -//This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.//
374 +This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.
236 236  
237 -//For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]//
376 +For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]
238 238  
239 239  
240 240  )))
241 241  
242 -== **5.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway** ==
381 +== 6.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway ==
243 243  
244 244  
245 -//Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.//
384 +Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.
246 246  
247 247  (((
248 -//For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using **Hilink mode** or **NCM mode**.//
387 +For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using **Hilink mode** or **NCM mode**.
249 249  )))
250 250  
251 251  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -259,50 +259,50 @@
259 259  )))
260 260  
261 261  
262 -== **5.3 Hilink mode** ==
401 +== 6.3 Hilink mode ==
263 263  
264 264  
265 265  //Gateway upgrade to the specified firmware:[[Hilink.mode~~-~~-build-v5.4.1625627505>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/USB-Dongle_firmware/Hilink.mode--build-v5.4.1625627505-20210707-1113/]]//
266 266  
267 267  
268 -=== **5.3.1 Plugs into the device** ===
407 +=== 6.3.1 Plugs into the device ===
269 269  
270 270  
271 271  (((
272 -//USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port//
411 +USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port
273 273  )))
274 274  
275 275  (((
276 -//Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)**lsusb**//
415 +Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)**lsusb**
277 277  )))
278 278  
279 279  (((
280 -(% style="color:red" %)//**Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.**//
419 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.**
281 281  )))
282 282  
283 283  [[image:image-20220527154739-9.png]]
284 284  
285 285  
286 -=== **5.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added** ===
425 +=== 6.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added ===
287 287  
288 288  
289 -//Check network configuration command line input: //
428 +Check network configuration command line input:
290 290  
291 291  (% class="box infomessage" %)
292 292  (((
293 293  (((
294 - root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# ifconfig -a
433 +**~ root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# ifconfig -a**
295 295  )))
296 296  )))
297 297  
298 298  [[image:image-20220527154822-10.png]]
299 299  
300 -//In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2**//
439 +In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2**
301 301  
302 -//Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2** (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)**wwan0**//
441 +Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2** (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)**wwan0**
303 303  
304 304  
305 -=== **5.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration.** ===
444 +=== 6.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration. ===
306 306  
307 307  
308 308  //Enter the configuration from the command line~://
... ... @@ -327,48 +327,96 @@
327 327  
328 328  [[image:image-20220527155013-12.png]]
329 329  
330 -//Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.//
469 +Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.
331 331  
332 332  
333 -== **5.4 NCM mode** ==
472 +== 6.4 NCM mode ==
334 334  
335 335  
336 -== **5.5 Troubleshooting** ==
475 +== 6.5 Troubleshooting ==
337 337  
477 +=== 6.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address. ===
338 338  
339 -=== **5.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address.** ===
340 340  
480 +Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.
341 341  
342 -//Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.//
343 343  
483 += 7. How to reduce data traffic =
344 344  
345 -= **6. How to reduce data traffic** =
485 +== 7.1 How the gateway will consume data traffic ==
346 346  
487 +Below list the place where the data traffic will use.
347 347  
348 -== **6.1 Introduce** ==
489 +* Valid uplink data to LoRaWAN server or IoT server. ( We can't reduce this as they are the data we want)
490 +* Invalid uplink sensor data to LoRaWAN serevr. ( See Filter unwanted packets)
491 +* LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server . ( We can reduce this part , see below for discussion)
492 +* System Keep Alive data. ( To ensure the system is more robust, can be disabled)
493 +* system Time synchronization Checking
494 +* Auto update ( Software auto update, can be disabled)
349 349  
496 +=== 7.1.1 LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server ===
350 350  
351 -**//The gateways will use the data traffic below two places.//**
498 +When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol, besides the sensor data uplink/downlink. gateway will still need to:
352 352  
500 +* Uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server every 30s. the users can adjust **Keep Alive Period** as below
501 +* Check LoRaWAN server status every 5 seconds to see if there is valid downlink command to sensors. We don't provide WEB UI option to modify this time, because the modify of this settings will lead to fail on OTAA Join and Downlink commands.
353 353  
354 -//1. There is the data traffic from LoRa package Forward which were the gateway status package and sensor end node uplink/downlink.//
503 +[[image:image-20220527155108-13.png]]
355 355  
356 -//For this case, by default, the gateway will uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server per the 30s. the users can adjust the interval time.//
357 357  
358 -[[image:image-20220527155108-13.png]]
506 +=== 7.1.2 System Keep Alive data ===
359 359  
508 +System Keep Alive Data is used to check gateway-network status and fix possible issue. Gateway will check every 15 seconds and generate traffic.
360 360  
361 -//2. There is the data traffic from the gateway check self-network status. by default, the gateway will check the network per 15s.//
510 +Base on 15 seconds per check, the data traffic is about 2M data traffic per day. Users can adjust **Keepalive Interval** as below.
362 362  
363 -//For this case, We have monitored the loss of data traffic, which is the loss of 2M data traffic per day. the users can adjust the interval time following screenshots.//
512 +[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png||height="511" width="986"]]
364 364  
365 -[[image:image-20220527155358-16.png]]
366 366  
367 -//System General interface//
515 +=== 7.1.3 Auto update ===
368 368  
517 +Gateway will check for update every day for new configure or software. User can disable them by below method.
369 369  
370 -[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png]]
371 371  
372 -//Keepalive script interval time settings//
520 +=== 7.1.4 Filter unwanted packets ===
373 373  
522 +When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol , Gateway will by default get every possible LoRaWAN packets and forward to LoRaWAN server. If there are sensors from others in the same area, such sensor data will also be forward to LoRaWAN server ( they will be ignore by the server). This also consume data.
523 +
524 +See [[How to filter unwanted packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
525 +
526 +
527 +== 7.2 Usage statistics ==
528 +
529 +
530 +=== 7.2.1 How does Openwrt usage statistics ===
531 +
532 +This is a general instruction for the use of Openwrt of Dragino devices. Current models include:
533 +
534 +* LPS8,LPS8N
535 +* LG308,LG308N
536 +* DLOS8,DLOS8N
537 +* LIG16
538 +
539 +~1. Activate LuCI and connect to SSH following [[these instructions>>doc:Main.Install Luci in the new UI firmware.WebHome]]
540 +
541 +2. Install luci-app-statistics using the following terminal commands:
542 +
543 +{{{opkg update
544 +opkg install luci-app-statistics
545 +opkg install collectd-mod-interface
546 +/etc/init.d/collectd enable
547 +reboot
548 +}}}
549 +
550 +3. Select the interface to be monitored by going to **Statistics > Setup **in the upper menu then **Network plugins > Interfaces. **Select **3g-cellular **in the list then save. You can select multiple interfaces by pressing the **ctrl key **while selecting the interfaces.
551 +
552 +[[image:image-20221124133431-1.png]]
553 +
554 +[[image:image-20221124135102-2.png]]
555 +
556 +
557 +4. View the graphs and statistics using by going to **Statistics > Graphs** **> Interfaces > 3g-cellullar**
558 +
559 +[[image:image-20221124134927-1.png]]
560 +
374 374  
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