Last modified by Xiaoling on 2024/08/08 09:05
<
From version < 42.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/01 11:08
To version < 86.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2023/05/06 10:44
>
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Title
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1 -Notes for cellular network connection
1 +Cellular network connection details and tips
Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Content
... ... @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
1 +
2 +
1 1  **Table of Contents：**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
... ... @@ -4,33 +4,33 @@
4 4  
5 5  
6 6  
7 -= **1. Enable Cellular Connection** =
9 += 1. Enable Cellular Connection =
8 8  
9 9  
10 -//If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.//
12 +If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.
11 11  
12 12  [[image:image-20220601110850-2.png]]
13 13  
14 -
15 15  **//Enable Cellular Connection//**
16 16  
18 +
17 17  (((
18 -//If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.//
20 +If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.
19 19  )))
20 20  
21 21  [[image:image-20220527153544-2.png]]
22 22  
23 23  
24 -= **2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails** =
26 += 2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails =
25 25  
26 26  
27 -//If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points~://
29 +If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points:
28 28  
29 29  
30 -== **2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option** ==
32 +== 2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option ==
31 31  
32 32  
33 -//Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.//
35 +Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.
34 34  
35 35  (% class="box" %)
36 36  (((
... ... @@ -43,13 +43,13 @@
43 43  [[image:image-20220601110748-1.png]]
44 44  
45 45  
46 -== **2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly** ==
48 +== 2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly ==
47 47  
48 48  
49 -**//Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI//**
51 +**Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI**
50 50  
51 -* //Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on//
52 -* //Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.//
53 +* Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on
54 +* Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.
53 53  
54 54  (% class="box" %)
55 55  (((
... ... @@ -66,19 +66,20 @@
66 66  
67 67  
68 68  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
69 -//**Note:** If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.//
71 +**​​(% style="color:red" %)Note:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) **If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.**
70 70  
71 71  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
72 -//Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.//
74 +Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.
73 73  
74 74  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
75 75  [[image:image-20220527153827-5.png]]
76 76  
77 77  
78 -== **2.3 Check dialing info** ==
80 +== 2.3 Check dialing info ==
79 79  
80 -//run "**logread -f**" in gateway CLI。//
81 81  
83 +run "**logread -f**" in gateway CLI。
84 +
82 82  (% class="box" %)
83 83  (((
84 84  Fri Feb  7 01:20:28 2020 daemon.notice pppd[29452]: pppd 2.4.7 started by root, uid 0
... ... @@ -120,11 +120,51 @@
120 120  )))
121 121  
122 122  
123 -= **3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients** =
126 +== 2.4 If the following situation occurs, how can users solve this problem? ==
124 124  
128 +=== 2.4.1 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
125 125  
130 +
131 +Users can check whether the APN matched by the SIM card is correct.
132 +
133 +Regarding what APN your SIM card should use, Users can search for the APN corresponding to the SIM card by Google or ask the carrier.
134 +
135 +
136 +[[image:image-20220718155937-1.png||height="562" width="497"]]
137 +
138 +
139 +=== 2.4.2 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail, and at the same time Network displays the carrier network. ===
140 +
141 +
142 +It should be SIM card no flow, users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
143 +
144 +
145 +[[image:1658131428288-728.png||height="538" width="494"]]
146 +
147 +
148 +=== 2.4.3 The gateway can't read the SIM card, and the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
149 +
150 +
151 +Users need to check whether the SIM card type is suitable for the EC25 module.
152 +
153 +
154 +[[image:1658131612484-845.png||height="549" width="499"]]
155 +
156 +
157 +=== 2.4.4 SIM display：~*~**SIM ERROR~*~** Check SIM is inserted test SIM in a mobile phone？ ===
158 +
159 +
160 +Users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.
161 +
162 +
163 +[[image:image-20220718160804-3.png||height="602" width="500"]]
164 +
165 +
166 += 3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients =
167 +
168 +
126 126  (((
127 -//By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.//
170 +By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.
128 128  )))
129 129  
130 130  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -161,25 +161,95 @@
161 161  )))
162 162  
163 163  (((
164 -//and run **/etc/init.d/firewall reload** or reboot the device.//
207 +and run **/etc/init.d/firewall reload** or **reboot the device**.
165 165  
209 +
210 += 4. Switching between Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks =
211 +
212 +
213 +By default, Cell is the backup WAN where the Ethernet or Wi-Fi network is used first if they are available.
214 +
215 +Once the Ethernet of the Wi-Fi network is unavailable where the gateway network will switch to a Cell network from Ethernet or Wi-Fi.
216 +
217 +
218 +**Enable Cellular and connect Ethernet at the same time**
219 +
220 +ETH icon is displayed as ​​​ [[image:1658135519305-444.png||height="18" width="19"]] Indicates that Ethernet is the main working network.
221 +
222 +Cell icon is displayed as  [[image:1658135500498-725.png||height="17" width="17"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
223 +
224 +
225 +== 4.1 Switching between Cellular and Ethernet networks ==
226 +
227 +
228 +When connecting to the AP WiFI of the gateway, users can access the Web UI of the gateway through the default address 10.130.1.1
229 +
230 +[[image:image-20220606140622-2.png||height="664" width="1106"]]
231 +
232 +
233 +**Remove the network cable from the WAN port on the gateway, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**
234 +
235 +[[image:image-20220606140859-4.png||height="687" width="1107"]]
236 +
237 +(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
238 +
239 +== 4.2 Switching between Cellular and WiFi networks ==
240 +
241 +
242 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
243 +Enable **Cellular** and connect **WiFi** at the same time
244 +
245 +WiFi icon is displayed as ​​​[[image:1658135519305-444.png||height="23" width="24"]] Indicates that WiFi is the main working network.
246 +
247 +Cell icon is displayed as  [[image:1658135500498-725.png||height="23" width="22"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
248 +
249 +
250 +[[image:image-20220606141113-7.png||height="678" width="1106"]]
251 +
252 +
253 +**Close the WiFi WAN, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.**
254 +
255 +[[image:image-20220606140932-5.png||height="687" width="1107"]]
256 +
257 +
258 +== 4.3 At the same time start Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks ==
259 +
260 +
261 +[[image:image-20220606140328-1.png||height="682" width="1108"]]
262 +
166 166  
167 167  )))
168 168  
169 -= **4. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)** =
266 += 5. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) =
170 170  
171 171  
172 -//Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.//
269 +Users can get the IMEI via Linux command, but you have to access the gateway CLI.
173 173  
271 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
174 174  (((
273 +**root@dragino-1b7c4c:~~# comgt -d /dev/ttyModemAT -s /etc/gcom/getimsi.gcom **
274 +)))
275 +
276 +[[image:image-20221027140604-1.png||height="330" width="707"]]
277 +
278 +
279 +[[image:image-20221027151146-2.png||height="554" width="1000"]]
280 +
281 +
282 +== **How does the gateway access the Quetel module directly (to send AT commands)** ==
283 +
284 +
285 +Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.
286 +
287 +(((
175 175  
176 176  
177 -**//Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".//**
290 +**Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".**
178 178  )))
179 179  
180 180  (% class="box infomessage" %)
181 181  (((
182 -root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# minicom -s
295 +**root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# minicom -s**
183 183  )))
184 184  
185 185  [[image:image-20220527154132-6.png]]
... ... @@ -189,21 +189,28 @@
189 189  
190 190  (% class="box infomessage" %)
191 191  (((
192 -(% style="color:black" %)**Serial Device :** (% style="color:#037691" %)**/dev/ttyModemAT**
305 +**Serial Device :** (% style="color:#037691" %)**/dev/ttyModemAT**
193 193  
194 -(% style="color:black" %)**Bps/Par/Bits :**(% style="color:#037691" %)** 9600 8N1**
307 +**Bps/Par/Bits :(% style="color:#037691" %) 9600 8N1(%%)**
195 195  )))
196 196  
197 197  
198 -//**Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C**//
311 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C**
199 199  
200 200  [[image:image-20220527154154-7.png]]
201 201  
202 202  
203 -//Enter **AT+GSN **in the interface to get the IMEI,//
316 +=== **International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)** ===
204 204  
205 -// **For example (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)**//
206 206  
319 +(((
320 +Enter (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+GSN **(%%)in the interface to get the IMEI,
321 +)))
322 +
323 +(((
324 +**For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)**
325 +)))
326 +
207 207  (% class="box infomessage" %)
208 208  (((
209 209  (((
... ... @@ -214,39 +214,57 @@
214 214  [[image:image-20220527154231-8.png]]
215 215  
216 216  
217 -= **5. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle** =
337 +=== **Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ICCID)** ===
218 218  
219 219  
220 -== **5.1 Introduction** ==
340 +(((
341 +Enter (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+QCCID **(%%)in the interface to get the ICCID,
342 +)))
221 221  
344 +(((
345 +**For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)89860118005400261748(%%)**
222 222  
223 -(% style="color:red" %)**//Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware//**
347 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
348 +(((
349 + **AT+QCCID**
350 +)))
351 +)))
224 224  
353 +[[image:1678675878256-777.png]]
354 +
355 +
356 += 6. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle =
357 +
358 +== 6.1 Introduction ==
359 +
360 +
361 +(% style="color:red" %)**Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware**
362 +
225 225  (((
226 -//This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.//
364 +This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.
227 227  
228 228  
229 229  )))
230 230  
231 231  (((
232 -//Many modes (and most **LTE**) USB modems provide **qmi**, **mbim**, **ncm**, **rndis** protocol for connection instead of legacy **ppp** protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.//
370 +Many modes (and most **LTE**) USB modems provide **qmi**, **mbim**, **ncm**, **rndis** protocol for connection instead of legacy **ppp** protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.
233 233  )))
234 234  
235 235  (((
236 -//This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.//
374 +This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.
237 237  
238 -//For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]//
376 +For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]
239 239  
240 240  
241 241  )))
242 242  
243 -== **5.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway** ==
381 +== 6.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway ==
244 244  
245 245  
246 -//Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.//
384 +Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.
247 247  
248 248  (((
249 -//For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using **Hilink mode** or **NCM mode**.//
387 +For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using **Hilink mode** or **NCM mode**.
250 250  )))
251 251  
252 252  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -260,50 +260,50 @@
260 260  )))
261 261  
262 262  
263 -== **5.3 Hilink mode** ==
401 +== 6.3 Hilink mode ==
264 264  
265 265  
266 266  //Gateway upgrade to the specified firmware:[[Hilink.mode~~-~~-build-v5.4.1625627505>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/USB-Dongle_firmware/Hilink.mode--build-v5.4.1625627505-20210707-1113/]]//
267 267  
268 268  
269 -=== **5.3.1 Plugs into the device** ===
407 +=== 6.3.1 Plugs into the device ===
270 270  
271 271  
272 272  (((
273 -//USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port//
411 +USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port
274 274  )))
275 275  
276 276  (((
277 -//Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)**lsusb**//
415 +Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)**lsusb**
278 278  )))
279 279  
280 280  (((
281 -(% style="color:red" %)//**Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.**//
419 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.**
282 282  )))
283 283  
284 284  [[image:image-20220527154739-9.png]]
285 285  
286 286  
287 -=== **5.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added** ===
425 +=== 6.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added ===
288 288  
289 289  
290 -//Check network configuration command line input: //
428 +Check network configuration command line input:
291 291  
292 292  (% class="box infomessage" %)
293 293  (((
294 294  (((
295 - root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# ifconfig -a
433 +**~ root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# ifconfig -a**
296 296  )))
297 297  )))
298 298  
299 299  [[image:image-20220527154822-10.png]]
300 300  
301 -//In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2**//
439 +In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2**
302 302  
303 -//Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2** (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)**wwan0**//
441 +Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)**eth2** (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)**wwan0**
304 304  
305 305  
306 -=== **5.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration.** ===
444 +=== 6.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration. ===
307 307  
308 308  
309 309  //Enter the configuration from the command line~://
... ... @@ -328,47 +328,96 @@
328 328  
329 329  [[image:image-20220527155013-12.png]]
330 330  
331 -//Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.//
469 +Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.
332 332  
333 333  
334 -== **5.4 NCM mode** ==
472 +== 6.4 NCM mode ==
335 335  
336 336  
337 -== **5.5 Troubleshooting** ==
475 +== 6.5 Troubleshooting ==
338 338  
477 +=== 6.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address. ===
339 339  
340 -=== **5.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address.** ===
341 341  
480 +Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.
342 342  
343 -//Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.//
344 344  
483 += 7. How to reduce data traffic =
345 345  
346 -= **6. How to reduce data traffic** =
485 +== 7.1 How the gateway will consume data traffic ==
347 347  
487 +Below list the place where the data traffic will use.
348 348  
349 -== **6.1 Introduce** ==
489 +* Valid uplink data to LoRaWAN server or IoT server. ( We can't reduce this as they are the data we want)
490 +* Invalid uplink sensor data to LoRaWAN serevr. ( See Filter unwanted packets)
491 +* LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server . ( We can reduce this part , see below for discussion)
492 +* System Keep Alive data. ( To ensure the system is more robust, can be disabled)
493 +* Auto update ( Software auto update, can be disabled)
350 350  
495 +=== 7.1.1 LoRaWAN Status push or polling data to LoRaWAN server ===
351 351  
352 -**//The gateways will use the data traffic below two places.//**
497 +When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol, besides the sensor data uplink/downlink. gateway will still need to:
353 353  
499 +* Uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server every 30s. the users can adjust **Keep Alive Period** as below
500 +* Check LoRaWAN server status every 5 seconds to see if there is valid downlink command to sensors. We don't provide WEB UI option to modify this time, because the modify of this settings will lead to fail on OTAA Join and Downlink commands.
354 354  
355 -//1. There is the data traffic from LoRa package Forward which were the gateway status package and sensor end node uplink/downlink.//
502 +[[image:image-20220527155108-13.png]]
356 356  
357 -//For this case, by default, the gateway will uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server per the 30s. the users can adjust the interval time.//
358 358  
359 -[[image:image-20220527155108-13.png]]
505 +=== 7.1.2 System Keep Alive data ===
360 360  
507 +System Keep Alive Data is used to check gateway-network status and fix possible issue. Gateway will check every 15 seconds and generate traffic.
361 361  
362 -//2. There is the data traffic from the gateway check self-network status. by default, the gateway will check the network per 15s.//
509 +Base on 15 seconds per check, the data traffic is about 2M data traffic per day. Users can adjust **Keepalive Interval** as below.
363 363  
364 -//For this case, We have monitored the loss of data traffic, which is the loss of 2M data traffic per day. the users can adjust the interval time following screenshots.//
511 +[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png||height="511" width="986"]]
365 365  
366 -[[image:image-20220527155358-16.png]]
367 367  
368 -//System General interface//
514 +=== 7.1.3 Auto update ===
369 369  
516 +Gateway will check for update every day for new configure or software. User can disable them by below method.
370 370  
371 -[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png]]
372 372  
373 -//Keepalive script interval time settings//
519 +=== 7.1.4 Filter unwanted packets ===
374 374  
521 +When gateway connect to LoRaWAN server via LoRaWAN protocol , Gateway will by default get every possible LoRaWAN packets and forward to LoRaWAN server. If there are sensors from others in the same area, such sensor data will also be forward to LoRaWAN server ( they will be ignore by the server). This also consume data.
522 +
523 +See [[How to filter unwanted packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
524 +
525 +
526 +== 7.2 Usage statistics ==
527 +
528 +
529 +=== 7.2.1 How does Openwrt usage statistics ===
530 +
531 +This is a general instruction for the use of Openwrt of Dragino devices. Current models include:
532 +
533 +* LPS8,LPS8N
534 +* LG308,LG308N
535 +* DLOS8,DLOS8N
536 +* LIG16
537 +
538 +
539 +~1. Activate LuCI and connect to SSH following [[these instructions>>doc:Main.Install Luci in the new UI firmware.WebHome]]
540 +
541 +2. Install luci-app-statistics using the following terminal commands:
542 +
543 +{{{opkg update
544 +opkg install luci-app-statistics
545 +opkg install collectd-mod-interface
546 +/etc/init.d/collectd enable
547 +reboot
548 +}}}
549 +
550 +3. Select the interface to be monitored by going to **Statistics > Setup **in the upper menu then **Network plugins > Interfaces. **Select **3g-cellular **in the list then save. You can select multiple interfaces by pressing the **ctrl key **while selecting the interfaces.
551 +
552 +[[image:image-20221124133431-1.png]]
553 +
554 +[[image:image-20221124135102-2.png]]
555 +
556 +
557 +4. View the graphs and statistics using by going to **Statistics > Graphs** **> Interfaces > 3g-cellullar**
558 +
559 +[[image:image-20221124134927-1.png]]
560 +
561 +
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