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Changes for page Notes for TTN

Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2024/08/20 17:29
From version 99.15
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/25 09:15
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To version 220.1
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2023/07/28 15:18
Change comment: Uploaded new attachment "image-20230728151807-3.png", version {1}

Summary

Details

Page properties
Author
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Content
... ... @@ -6,10 +6,8 @@
6 6  
7 7  = 1. The Things Network-V3 =
8 8  
9 -
10 10  == 1.1  Introduction ==
11 11  
12 -
13 13  === 1.1.1  What is The Things Network ===
14 14  
15 15  
... ... @@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
20 20  (((
21 21  The Things Network runs The Things Stack Community Edition, which is a crowdsourced, open and decentralized LoRaWAN network. This network is a great way to get started testing devices, applications, and integrations, and get familiar with LoRaWAN.
22 22  
23 -
24 24  
25 25  )))
26 26  
... ... @@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
34 34  (((
35 35  Once you have an account,get started by following steps for adding Gateway,Device and Intergrations.
36 36  
37 -
38 38  
39 39  )))
40 40  
... ... @@ -44,10 +44,12 @@
44 44  LoRaWAN Gateway model: Existing Gateway
45 45  
46 46  
47 -
48 48  = 2.  Gateway Registration for Semtech UDP =
49 49  
50 50  
46 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Steps 2 and 3 are different connection methods, the user only needs to choose one of them**
47 +
48 +
51 51  == 2.1  Primary LoRaWAN Server ==
52 52  
53 53  
... ... @@ -69,15 +69,32 @@
69 69  
70 70  
71 71  
70 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
71 +
72 +DRAGINO - Frequency Plan list  ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--  The Thing Network Frequency Plan List
73 +
74 +AS923-1 (920-923)  ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--  Asia 920-923 Mhz
75 +
76 +AS923-1 (923-925)  ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--  Asia 915-928 Mhz (AS923 Group 1)with only default channels
77 +
78 +AS923-2 (921.4-922.8)  ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--  Asia 920-923 Mhz (AS923 Group 2)with only default channels
79 +
80 +AS923-3 (916.6-918.2)  ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--  Asia 915-921 Mhz (AS923 Group 3)with only default channels
81 +
82 +AS923-4 (917.3-918.7)  ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--  Asia 917-920 Mhz (AS923 Group 4)with only default channels
83 +
84 +
85 +[[image:image-20220726134642-1.png||height="344" width="660"]][[image:image-20220726135827-3.png||height="214" width="394"]][[image:image-20220726135759-2.png||height="218" width="554"]]
86 +
87 +
88 +
72 72  [[image:image-20220526134919-5.png]]
73 73  
74 74  Show Status
75 75  
76 76  
77 -
78 78  == 2.2  Secondary LoRaWAN Server ==
79 79  
80 -
81 81  === 2.2.1  Introduction ===
82 82  
83 83  
... ... @@ -88,15 +88,14 @@
88 88  
89 89  
90 90  (((
91 -~1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
106 +1.  LoRaWAN Gateway model:  [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
92 92  )))
93 93  
94 94  (((
95 -2. Firmware version since :[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1644658774>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/Release/]]
110 +2.  Firmware version since :  [[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1644658774>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/Release/]]
96 96  )))
97 97  
98 98  
99 -
100 100  === 2.2.3  Example ===
101 101  
102 102  
... ... @@ -103,39 +103,39 @@
103 103  The following takes Helium as a Secondary LoRaWAN server as an example
104 104  
105 105  
106 -
107 107  === 2.2.4  Step 1: Download and Install the helium gateway-rs ===
108 108  
109 109  
110 -The users is needing to download and install the helium gateway-rs then click the button of Save&Apply
123 +The users is needing to download and install the helium gateway-rs then click the button of (% style="color:blue" %)**Save&Apply.**
111 111  
125 +
112 112  [[image:image-20220526135049-6.png]]
113 113  
114 114  Download and Install gateway-rs
115 115  
116 116  
117 -
118 118  === 2.2.5  Step 2: Back to Semtech UDP page ===
119 119  
120 120  
121 -Back to the page of Semtech UDP check the secondary server settings and click the button of Save&Apply
134 +Back to the page of Semtech UDP check the secondary server settings and click the button of (% style="color:blue" %)**Save&Apply.**
122 122  
136 +
123 123  ​​​​[[image:image-20220526135125-7.png]]
124 124  
125 125  Configuration of helium
126 126  
127 127  
128 -
129 129  = 3.  Gateway Registration for Basics Station =
130 130  
131 -
132 132  == 3.1  Introduction ==
133 133  
134 134  
135 135  (((
136 136  (((
137 -The LoRa Basics™ Station protocol simplifies management of large scale LoRaWAN networks. LoRa Basics™ Station is the preferred way of connecting Gateways to The Things Stack. [[The LoRa Basics Station doc>>url:https://www.thethingsindustries.com/docs/gateways/lora-basics-station/]]
149 +The LoRa Basics™ Station protocol simplifies the management of large-scale LoRaWAN networks. LoRa Basics™ Station is the preferred way of connecting Gateways to The Things Stack. [[The LoRa Basics Station doc>>url:https://www.thethingsindustries.com/docs/gateways/lora-basics-station/]]
138 138  
151 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Steps 2 and 3 are different connection methods, the user only needs to choose one of them**
152 +
139 139  
140 140  )))
141 141  )))
... ... @@ -146,20 +146,18 @@
146 146  
147 147  (((
148 148  (((
149 -1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
163 +1. LoRaWAN Gateway model:  [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
150 150  )))
151 151  
152 152  (((
153 - 2. Firmware version since :[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1640315898>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]]
167 + 2.  Firmware version since :  [[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1640315898>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]]
154 154  
155 -
156 -
157 157  
158 158  )))
159 159  )))
160 160  
161 161  (((
162 -(% style="color:blue" %)**What do you need to prepare**
174 +(% style="color:blue" %)**What do you need to prepare?**
163 163  )))
164 164  
165 165  (((
... ... @@ -166,64 +166,69 @@
166 166  (((
167 167  A gateway that can access the internet normally
168 168  
169 -
170 170  
171 171  )))
172 172  )))
173 173  
174 -== 3.2  Step 1: Add Gateway ==
185 +== 3.2  Step 1: Register Gateway ==
175 175  
176 176  
177 177  (((
178 178  (((
179 -The example for **EU**
190 +(% style="color:blue" %)**The example for**(%%)** the (% style="color:red" %)EU:(%%)**
180 180  )))
181 181  )))
182 182  
183 183  (((
184 184  (((
185 -User can add your gateway into The Things Network V3 according to the previous step
196 +Click the 'Register Gateway' button will get this page to register the gateway from The Thing Network Console gateway page.
197 +
198 +[[image:image-20230728144218-7.png||height="128" width="836"]]
186 186  )))
187 187  )))
188 188  
189 -(((
190 -(((
191 -Following picture is the successful added.
202 +[[image:image-20230728143449-2.png]]
192 192  
193 -
194 -)))
195 -)))
204 +Register Gateway
196 196  
197 -[[image:image-20220526135316-8.png]]
198 198  
199 -Add Gateway
207 +== 3.3  Step 2: Create the API key ==
200 200  
201 201  
210 +**API Key can be created manually**  ~-~-->  if users forgot to check the check box or switch to basic station mode from the Semtech UDP mode
202 202  
203 -== 3.3  Step 2: Create the API key ==
204 204  
205 205  
206 -user need to create the CUPS API key and LNS API key.
207 207  
215 +**or generate by TTN by checking the check box when registering the gateway** ~-~-->[[image:image-20230728143505-3.png]]
208 208  
209 -[[image:image-20220526135349-9.png]]
210 210  
211 -Create CUPS API key
218 +=== **1.) Generated by TTH** ===
212 212  
220 +=== ===
213 213  
222 +=== ===
214 214  
215 -[[image:image-20220526135428-10.png]]
224 +=== **2.) Manually create API KEY: ** ===
216 216  
217 -Create LNS API key
218 218  
227 +==== CUPS API KEY ====
219 219  
220 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note : Please copy the API key.**
229 +[[image:image-20220526135349-9.png]]
221 221  
222 222  
223 223  
224 -== 3.4  Step 3: Update the gateway setting ==
233 +==== LNS API KEY ====
225 225  
235 +[[image:image-20220526135428-10.png]]
226 226  
237 +
238 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: If your API is generated by yourself you have to update the key to the gateway setting.**
239 +
240 +
241 +==== Update the gateway setting ====
242 +
243 +
227 227  In the LoRa Basics Station LNS Authentication Key field, paste the API key you generated in the previous step.
228 228  
229 229  
... ... @@ -232,7 +232,6 @@
232 232  paste the API key
233 233  
234 234  
235 -
236 236  == 3.5  Step 4: Access the gateway GUI ==
237 237  
238 238  
... ... @@ -244,7 +244,6 @@
244 244  Access the gateway GUI
245 245  
246 246  
247 -
248 248  == 3.6  Step 5: Configure Station ==
249 249  
250 250  
... ... @@ -266,7 +266,6 @@
266 266  Congfigure Station
267 267  
268 268  
269 -
270 270  == 3.7  Start Station ==
271 271  
272 272  
... ... @@ -273,7 +273,6 @@
273 273  (((
274 274  When the user has finished the configuration,Please click Sace&Apply to start station to connect The Things Network.
275 275  
276 -
277 277  
278 278  )))
279 279  
... ... @@ -288,11 +288,10 @@
288 288  Station live date
289 289  
290 290  
291 -
292 292  == 3.9  Trouble Shooting ==
293 293  
294 294  
295 -User can check the station log in the logread/system log page.
307 +User can check the station log in the** (% style="color:blue" %)LogRead ~-~-> System Log (%%)**page.
296 296  
297 297  
298 298  [[image:image-20220526135845-15.png]]
... ... @@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
301 301  
302 302  
303 303  
304 -and recode the station log in the system/Recode log page.
316 +and recode the station log in the** (% style="color:blue" %)LogRead  ~-~->  Recode Log(%%)** page.
305 305  
306 306  [[image:image-20220526135940-16.png]]
307 307  
... ... @@ -308,7 +308,6 @@
308 308  Recore Log
309 309  
310 310  
311 -
312 312  = 4.  Configure node connection to TTNv3 =
313 313  
314 314  
... ... @@ -326,14 +326,13 @@
326 326  
327 327  (((
328 328  (((
329 -We take LES01 as an example.
340 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**We take LES01 as an example.**
330 330  
331 -
332 332  
333 333  )))
334 334  )))
335 335  
336 -== 4.1  Step1 ==
346 +== 4.1  Step 1 ==
337 337  
338 338  
339 339  (((
... ... @@ -354,50 +354,53 @@
354 354  )))
355 355  )))
356 356  
357 -[[image:image-20220526140015-17.png]]
367 +[[image:image-20230221135445-1.png||height="356" width="777"]]
358 358  
359 -[[image:image-20220526140044-18.png]]
369 +First create an application and fill in the custom information in it
360 360  
371 +[[image:image-20230221135520-2.png||height="52" width="974"]]
361 361  
373 +[[image:image-20230221135810-3.png||height="400" width="638"]]
362 362  
363 -== 4.2  Step2 ==
364 364  
376 +Add a node device to the application
365 365  
378 +
379 +[[image:image-20220526140044-18.png]]
380 +
381 +
382 +== 4.2  Step 2 ==
383 +
384 +
366 366  (((
367 367  (((
368 368  There are all our nodes in the repository. Users can choose the corresponding brand, model, firmware version and frequency.The decoder and configuration information of the node are pre-configured.Users do not need to configure them.
369 369  
370 -
389 +[[image:image-20230221164809-2.png||height="525" width="617"]]
371 371  )))
372 372  )))
373 373  
374 -[[image:image-20220526140132-19.png]]
375 375  
394 +== 4.3  Step 3 ==
376 376  
377 377  
378 -== 4.3  Step3 ==
379 -
380 -
381 381  Add APP EUI in the application:
382 382  
383 383  
384 -[[image:image-20220526140205-20.png]]
400 +[[image:image-20230221140131-4.png||height="569" width="674"]]
385 385  
386 386  
403 +== 4.4  Step 4 ==
387 387  
388 -== 4.4  Step4 ==
389 389  
406 +**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI:**
390 390  
391 -Add APP KEY and DEV EUI:
392 392  
409 +[[image:image-20230221140448-6.png||height="535" width="647"]]
393 393  
394 -[[image:image-20220526140251-21.png]]
395 395  
396 -
397 -
398 398  = 5.  TTN V3 integrated into MQTT server =
399 399  
400 -
401 401  == 5.1  Introduction ==
402 402  
403 403  
... ... @@ -405,7 +405,6 @@
405 405  (((
406 406  The Application Server exposes an MQTT server to work with streaming events. In order to use the MQTT server you need to create a new API key, which will function as connection password. You can also use an existing API key, as long as it has the necessary rights granted.
407 407  
408 -
409 409  
410 410  )))
411 411  )))
... ... @@ -517,7 +517,6 @@
517 517  [[image:image-20220526140936-27.png]]
518 518  
519 519  
520 -
521 521  == 5.3  Send Downlink message ==
522 522  
523 523  
... ... @@ -595,28 +595,131 @@
595 595  downlink
596 596  
597 597  
609 += 6.  Route TTN data to Node-Red =
598 598  
599 -= 6.  Request Remote Support =
600 600  
612 +Users can create an MQTT integration by following the steps described in "[[5.TTN V3 Integrated into MQTT Server>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Notes%20for%20TTN/#H5.A0TTNV3integratedintoMQTTserver]]"
601 601  
614 +
615 +== 6.1  Edit mqtt-broker node ==
616 +
617 +
618 +Users need to configure the TTN MQTT server address and port, Such as:
619 +
620 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
602 602  (((
622 +**Server :** eu1.cloud.thethings.network
623 +
624 +**Port  :** 1883
625 +)))
626 +
627 +[[image:image-20220829160224-187.jpeg||height="569" width="1128"]]
628 +
629 +
630 +**Enter Username and Password**
631 +
632 +[[image:image-20220829164358-188.png||height="570" width="1130"]]
633 +
634 +
635 +== 6.2  Debug ==
636 +
637 +
638 +Users can check logs by adding debug.
639 +
640 +[[image:image-20220829164652-189.png||height="572" width="1134"]]
641 +
642 +
643 +== 6.3  Example: Use Local Server TTN and Node-Red in LPS8v2 ==
644 +
645 +
646 +LPS8v2 includes a local TTN Server and Node-Red. This example shows how to configure LHT65N to use with the local Node-Red server. This example assumes users already have:
647 +
648 +* LHT65N register on LPS8v2 Built-In TTN server already
649 +* The user is able to see the data on the built-in TTN server device page.
650 +
651 +Below are the steps to plot the sensor data on LPS8v2 Node-Red.
652 +
653 +
654 +=== 6.3.1  Link Node-Red to Local TTN ===
655 +
656 +
657 +Users can download the Node-Red decoder from this link and import it into the Node-Red platform:  **[[dragino-end-node-decoder/LHT65N.json (github.com)>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/blob/main/Node-RED/LHT65N.json]]**
658 +
659 +For more information on importing Input Flow, check out this link: **[[Import Input Flow for Dragino Sensors>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/#H3.A0ImportInputFlowforDraginoSensors||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"]]**
660 +
661 +
662 +After importing the Input Flow is complete, the user needs to edit the MQTT in the node
663 +
664 +
665 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Change the Topic**
666 +
667 +
668 +Topic modifies it to the following format:
669 +
670 +**v3/(% style="color:red" %)Application ID(%%)/devices/(% style="color:red" %)End device ID(%%)/up**
671 +
672 +[[image:image-20221018100743-1.png]]
673 +
674 +
675 +
676 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Enter the MQTT configuration information**
677 +
678 +
679 +[[image:image-20221018100947-2.png]]
680 +
681 +
682 +
683 +[[image:image-20221018101102-3.png]]
684 +
685 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
686 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Finally, click "Update" and Deploy**
687 +
688 +
689 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
690 +"Connected" indicates that the Link Node-red to Local TTN is normal.
691 +
692 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
693 +[[image:image-20220914140918-5.png||height="602" width="1121"]]
694 +
695 +
696 +=== 6.3.2 Check result. ===
697 +
698 +
699 +Users can check logs by adding debug.
700 +
701 +[[image:image-20220914140841-4.png||height="600" width="1119"]]
702 +
703 +
704 +In addition,Users can access the lps8v2 gateway's built-in as server of **Node-Red Chart UI **via the URL((% style="background-color:yellow" %)__**//http:~/~/<hostname>:1880/ui or http:~/~/<local-IPV4-address>:1880/ui//**__(%%)) in your browser.
705 +
706 +
707 +[[image:image-20220914142021-7.png||height="517" width="1346"]]
708 +
709 +
710 += 7.  Request Remote Support =
711 +
712 +
713 +(((
603 603  These pages are useful to check what is wrong on the Join process. Below shows the four steps that we can check the Join Process.
604 604  \\If problem not solve, and you need dragino remote support, please follow to this document: [[TTN Support instruction>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=&file=TTNv3_Support_Guide.pdf]](% style="color:red" %) **If user has checked below steps and still can't solve the problem, please send us (support @ dragino.com) the screenshots for each step to check. They include:**
605 605  )))
606 606  
607 607  * End node is connected to serial port to show the Join frequency and DR. (If possible)
719 +
608 608  * Gateway (from gateway UI) traffic to show the packet got from end node and receive from Server. (If possible)
721 +
609 609  * Gateway traffic (from server UI) to shows the data exchange between gateway and server. (Normally possible)
723 +
610 610  * End Node traffic (from server UI) to shows end node activity in server. (Normally possible)
725 +
611 611  * End Node Keys screen shot shows in end node and server. so we can check if the keys are correct. (In most case, we found keys doesn't match, especially APP EUI)
612 612  
613 -
614 614  (% style="color:blue" %)**1. End Device Join Screen shot, we can check:**
615 615  
616 616  * If the device is sending join request to server?
731 +
617 617  * What frequency the device is sending?
618 618  
619 -
620 620  [[image:image-20220526141308-33.png]]
621 621  
622 622  Console Output from End device to see the transmit frequency
... ... @@ -626,8 +626,6 @@
626 626  
627 627  * Is the device in OTAA mode or ABP mode? (% style="color:red" %)**AT+NJM=1** (%%)(OTAA mode), (% style="color:red" %)**AT+NJM=0**(%%) (ABP mode)
628 628  
629 -
630 -
631 631  [[image:image-20220526141612-36.png]]
632 632  
633 633  
... ... @@ -700,3 +700,148 @@
700 700  [[image:image-20220526142033-41.png]]
701 701  
702 702  Check if OTAA Keys match the keys in device
815 +
816 +
817 += 8.  FAQ =
818 +
819 +== 8.1 How to import devices keys to server. ==
820 +
821 +
822 +**For TTS in LPS8v2**
823 +
824 +Open your application and click the button **Import end devices**
825 +
826 +[[image:image-20230423154012-1.png||height="472" width="755"]]
827 +
828 +
829 +Select the **File format** and upload the file (e.g. or ).devices/jsondevices.csv
830 +
831 +You can specify **Fallback values** for Frequency plan and LoRaWAN and Regional Parameters version, in case the import file does not specify these settings for the device.
832 +
833 +You can also expand the **Advanced claiming and component settings** to set targeted components, and set the claim authentication code to be generated.
834 +
835 +Start the import by clicking the **Import end devices** button.
836 +
837 +[[image:image-20230423154040-2.png||height="470" width="749"]]
838 +
839 +
840 +Wait for the end devices to be successfully imported. In case any device fails, you will see a relevant error message in the console.
841 +
842 +[[image:image-20230423154105-3.png||height="478" width="763"]]
843 +
844 +
845 +If the import was successful, your devices are added to the list of end devices in your application.
846 +
847 +[[image:image-20230423154125-4.png||height="480" width="766"]]
848 +
849 +Devices are now registered on The Things Stack.
850 +
851 +
852 +=== **JSON File Reference** ===
853 +
854 +
855 +The Things Stack allows you to import end devices from V2, ChirpStack and other LoRaWAN networks using a JSON file describing those devices.
856 +
857 +Using JSON file with device descriptions, you can migrate end devices with or without their existing sessions.
858 +
859 +Here is an example of an OTAA device description in the file:devices.json
860 +
861 +{{{{
862 + "ids": {
863 + "device_id": "my-device",
864 + "dev_eui": "0102030405060708",
865 + "join_eui": "0102030405060708"
866 + },
867 + "name": "My Device",
868 + "description": "Living room temperature sensor",
869 + "lorawan_version": "MAC_V1_0_2",
870 + "lorawan_phy_version": "PHY_V1_0_2_REV_B",
871 + "frequency_plan_id": "EU_863_870_TTN",
872 + "supports_join": true,
873 + "root_keys": {
874 + "app_key": {
875 + "key": "01020304050607080102030405060708"
876 + }
877 + }
878 +}
879 +}}}
880 +
881 +Multiple end devices can also be contained in a single file like so:devices.json
882 +
883 +{{{{
884 + /* device 1 */
885 +}
886 +{
887 + /* device 2 */
888 +}
889 +}}}
890 +
891 +The format above is considered by the Console and CLI as a JSON stream, processing one object at a time. For more details in how to use the file
892 +
893 +
894 +=== **CSV File Reference** ===
895 +
896 +
897 +The Things Stack has support for importing end devices from CSV (comma-separated values) files. This is useful when batches of end devices are managed in Microsoft Excel or any other spreadsheet or database that can export to CSV file.
898 +
899 +The CSV import in The Things Stack uses the following settings:
900 +
901 +* Semicolon () as field delimiter. This makes working with Microsoft Excel and other spreadsheets convenient;
902 +
903 +* Header row is required
904 +
905 +* On each row, the same number of fields as on the header line
906 +
907 +* Use quotes to use in a field value;
908 +
909 +* Use double quotes to escape quotes
910 +
911 +* Unknown header columns are permitted and ignored
912 +
913 +* Name and id cannot have capital letters and special characters
914 +
915 +* Example column lorawan_phy_version is not needed
916 +
917 +(% style="display:none" %)
918 +
919 +
920 +
921 +=== **Example** ===
922 +
923 +
924 +Minimal example:
925 +
926 +{{{dev_eui;join_eui;frequency_plan_id;lorawan_version;lorawan_phy_version;app_key
927 +1111111111111111;1111111111111111;EU_863_870_TTN;MAC_V1_0_4;RP002_V1_0_3;11111111111111111111111111111111
928 +2222222222222222;2222222222222222;EU_863_870_TTN;MAC_V1_0_4;RP002_V1_0_3;22222222222222222222222222222222
929 +3333333333333333;3333333333333333;EU_863_870_TTN;MAC_V1_0_4;RP002_V1_0_3;33333333333333333333333333333333
930 +}}}
931 +
932 +All columns for a LoRaWAN 1.0.4 device:
933 +
934 +{{{id;dev_eui;join_eui;name;frequency_plan_id;lorawan_version;lorawan_phy_version;brand_id;model_id;hardware_version;firmware_version;band_id;app_key
935 +test-one;1111111111111111;1111111111111111;Device 1;EU_863_870_TTN;MAC_V1_0_4;RP002_V1_0_3;the-things-industries;generic-node-sensor-edition;1.0.4;1.0;EU_863_870;11111111111111111111111111111111
936 +test-two;2222222222222222;2222222222222222;Device 2;EU_863_870_TTN;MAC_V1_0_4;RP002_V1_0_3;the-things-industries;generic-node-sensor-edition;1.0.4;1.0;EU_863_870;22222222222222222222222222222222
937 +test-three;3333333333333333;3333333333333333;Device 3;EU_863_870_TTN;MAC_V1_0_4;RP002_V1_0_3;the-things-industries;generic-node-sensor-edition;1.0.4;1.0;EU_863_870;33333333333333333333333333333333
938 +}}}
939 +
940 +
941 +
942 +=== **Excel Template** ===
943 +
944 +
945 +[[Download the Excel template>>url:https://www.thethingsindustries.com/docs/getting-started/migrating/tts-end-devices-csv-template.xlsx]]. You can remove all columns that are not required (see above).
946 +
947 +
948 += 9. Trouble Shooting. =
949 +
950 +== 9.1 How to solve the problem of MIC Mismatch？ ==
951 +
952 +
953 +Please refer to the link below:
954 +
955 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H9.WhydoIseea22MICMismatch22errormessagefromtheserver3F>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H9.WhydoIseea22MICMismatch22errormessagefromtheserver3F]]
956 +
957 +
958 +
959 +
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