Wiki source code of Notes for ChirpStack

Version 86.20 by Xiaoling on 2022/05/30 15:30

version	line-number	content
1.7	1	~ Contents:
1.2	2
1.1	3	{{toc/}}
	4
86.4	5
	6
	7
1.2	8	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	9
53.1	10	(% style="color:black" %)The ChirpStack open-source LoRaWAN Network Server stack provides open-source components for LoRaWAN networks And the Chirpstack supports the users in building a private LoRaWAN Server. For more info please refer to this [[link>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]]
1.1	11
1.5	12	(((
51.1	13	(% style="color:black" %)The dragino gateway can connect the ChirpStack server via Semtech UDP or Semtech Basic Station.
1.5	14	)))
1.1	15
1.2	16	Prerequisite
1.1	17
1.2	18	1) Have a Chirstack Server.
1.1	19
54.2	20	[[image:image-20220525100058-1.png]]
1.1	21
1.2	22	ChirpStack home page
1.1	23
54.2	24
1.2	25	2) Gateway model support
1.1	26
1.2	27	(% class="box" %)
	28	(((
1.5	29	(((
1.2	30	Semtech UDP : All Model
	31	Basic Station : , ,
	32	Note : the firmware needs > if use the Bais station
	33	)))
1.5	34	)))
1.1	35
86.5	36
	37
1.2	38	= 2. Semtech UDP =
1.1	39
1.2	40	== 2.1 Step 1. Add the Network-servers ==
1.1	41
1.2	42	The network-Servers address varies depending on the ChirpStack server setup environment
1.1	43
1.3	44	(% class="box" %)
	45	(((
	46	Windows ~-~->Network-server server * : localhost:8000
	47	Linux ~-~->Network-server server * : chirpstack-network-server:8000
	48	)))
1.1	49
1.2	50	If the user cannot add network-Servers, re-check the ChirpStack code or the server building process.
1.1	51
55.2	52	[[image:image-20220525100158-2.png]]
1.2	53
	54	Add the Network-servers
	55
84.2	56
1.2	57	== 2.2 Step 2. Create Gateway-profiles ==
	58
59.2	59	[[image:image-20220525100255-3.png]]
1.2	60
	61	Create Gateway-profiles
	62
84.2	63
1.2	64	== 2.3 Step 3. Create Service-profiles ==
	65
59.2	66	[[image:image-20220525100322-4.png]]
1.2	67
	68	Create Service-profiles
	69
	70	In Step 3. Create Service-profiles, the above parameters can be set. If necessary, you can set them by yourself. This is only an example.
	71
1.4	72	(% style="color:red" %)Note : Before add the gateway, the user needs to complete the preceding three steps.
1.2	73
84.2	74	If the user has completed the preceding steps, proceed to the next step.(% style="display:none" %)
1.2	75
84.2	76
1.2	77	== 2.4 Step 4. Add the gateway ==
	78
	79	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744150
	80
1.5	81	(((
1.4	82	(% style="color:red" %)Note : The Gateway EUI and server addresses must match the ChirpStack configuration.
1.5	83	)))
1.2	84
84.2	85	[[image:image-20220525100350-5.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1.2	86
84.2	87
1.2	88	Add the gateway
	89
59.2	90	[[image:image-20220525100417-6.png]]
1.2	91
	92	Configure the gateway
	93
84.2	94
1.2	95	== 2.5 Step 5. Checking gateway Status ==
	96
84.2	97	[[image:image-20220525100448-7.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1.2	98
84.2	99
1.2	100	gateway Status
	101
84.2	102	[[image:image-20220526090446-3.png\|\|height="653" width="1218"]]
1.2	103
	104	gateway Status
	105
86.6	106
9.1	107	= 3. Gateway Registration for Basics Station =
1.2	108
9.1	109	== Introduction ==
	110
	111	The [[Semtech Basic Station>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/]] backend implements the [[LNS protocol>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/tcproto.html]]. It exposes a WebSocket handler to which Basic Station powered gateways can connect.
	112
	113	ChirpStack Open-Source LoRaWAN® Network Server needs to set up a configuration that can use Semtech BasicStation.
	114
	115	Below list the support products and Requirements:
	116
	117	1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
	118	1. Firmware version since :[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1651822913>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Test_Firmware/lgw--build-v5.4.1651822913-20220506-1543/]]
	119
	120	How to set up chirpStack Basic Station
	121
	122	Users can check out the ChirpStack Basic Station [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/gateway-bridge/backends/basic-station/]] and [[forum>>https://forum.chirpstack.io/search?q=basic%20station]]
	123
	124	What do you need to prepare
	125
	126	A gateway that can access the internet normally
	127
86.7	128
9.1	129	== 3.1 Add Gateway ==
	130
20.2	131	[[image:image-20220524164205-10.png]]
9.1	132
86.8	133
9.1	134	== 3.2 Access the gateway GUI ==
	135
	136	Access the gateway GUI interface of LoRaWAN~-~->LoRaWAN ~-~- Basic Station
	137
20.2	138	[[image:image-20220524164319-11.png]]
9.1	139
	140	User need to Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station , input Server URI and Upload the TLS Certificate
	141
	142	(% class="box" %)
	143	(((
	144	Service Provider ~-~-> Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station
	145
	146	LNS URI ~-~-> Enter the LNS URI address, For example : wss:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:433 or ws:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:3001
	147
	148	LNS TLS trust ~-~-> Upload the TLS Certificate
	149	)))
	150
	151	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
20.2	152	[[image:image-20220524164341-12.png]]
9.1	153
86.9	154
9.1	155	== 3.3 Start Station ==
	156
	157	When the user has finished the configuration, Please click Sace&Apply to start station to connect ChirpStack
	158
86.10	159
9.1	160	== 3.4 Successful Connection ==
	161
	162	If user completes the above steps, which will see live date in the ChirpStack.
	163
23.2	164	[[image:image-20220524164448-13.png]]
9.1	165
86.11	166
10.2	167	== 3.5 Trouble Shooting ==
9.1	168
	169	User can check the station log in the logread/system log page.
	170
23.2	171	[[image:image-20220524164514-14.png]]
9.1	172
86.13	173
9.1	174	and recode the station log in the system/Recode log page.
	175
23.2	176	[[image:image-20220524164541-15.png]]
9.1	177
86.12	178
1.2	179	= 4. Downlink =
	180
	181	== 4.1 Chirpstack Downlink Note ==
	182
63.2	183	[[image:image-20220525101223-9.png]]
1.2	184
	185	Convert the data to Base64
	186
86.14	187
84.2	188	[[image:image-20220526090748-4.png]]
1.2	189
	190	Check ChripStack downlink DataRate
	191
86.15	192
65.2	193	[[image:image-20220525101326-11.png]]
1.2	194
	195	Make sure the RX2DR is the same in the end node
	196
86.16	197
1.2	198	== 4.2 Loraserver Downlink Note ==
	199
	200	User can use MQTT to send downlink payload to ChirpStack to perform downstream to LoRaWAN End
	201
1.5	202	(((
1.2	203	Below is examples:
1.5	204	)))
1.2	205
1.4	206	(% class="box" %)
	207	(((
	208	Connect to your server via MQTT：
	209	MQTT Client ID: Any
	210	Protocol：mqtt/tcp Server IP：loraserver_ip:1883
1.2	211	User name: User name Password: password
1.4	212	)))
1.2	213
65.2	214	[[image:image-20220525101401-12.png]]
1.2	215
1.5	216	(((
1.2	217	MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
86.17	218
	219
1.5	220	)))
1.2	221
1.5	222	(((
1.2	223	After connect
1.5	224	)))
1.2	225
1.4	226	(% class="box" %)
	227	(((
	228	Subscribe : Format：application/ID/device/ Device EUI/rx
1.2	229	Example: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/rx
1.4	230	)))
1.2	231
1.4	232	(% class="box" %)
	233	(((
	234	Publish:
1.2	235	Format: Top: application/ID/device/ Device EUI/tx
	236	Payload: {"confirmed":true or false,"fPort":XX,"data":"xxxx"}
	237	Example: Top: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/tx
	238	Payload: {"confirmed":true,"fPort":2,"data":"AwEB"}
1.4	239	)))
1.2	240
66.2	241	[[image:image-20220525101436-13.png]]
1.2	242
	243	MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
	244
86.18	245
1.4	246	(((
	247	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Chirpstack use base64 to downlink, so need to convert the downlink payload from HEX to base64 [[https:~~/~~/base64.us/>>url:https://base64.us/]]
	248	)))
1.2	249
67.2	250	[[image:image-20220525101505-14.png]]
1.2	251
	252	Choose to Use Hex for Encode
	253
86.19	254
1.2	255	If we want send downstream hex 030101 to end node, the BASE64 payload is AwEB
	256
68.2	257	[[image:image-20220525104025-15.png]]
1.2	258
1.5	259	(((
1.2	260	Downlink payload encode javescript code: 可以在网站上运行以下Javsscript代码：
1.5	261	)))
1.2	262
1.4	263	(% class="box" %)
	264	(((
	265	function sha1_to_base64(sha1)
1.2	266	{
	267	var digits="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
	268	var base64_rep = "";
	269	var cnt = 0;
	270	var bit_arr = 0;
	271	var bit_num = 0;
1.5	272	\\ for(var n = 0; n < sha1.length; ++n)
1.2	273	{
	274	if(sha1[n] >= 'A' && sha1[n] <= 'Z')
	275	{
	276	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt(n) - 55;
	277	}
	278	else if(sha1[n] >= 'a' && sha1[n] <= 'z')
	279	{
	280	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt(n) - 87;
	281	}
	282	else
	283	{
	284	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt(n) - 48;
	285	}
1.5	286	\\ bit_arr = (bit_arr << 4) \| ascv;
1.2	287	bit_num += 4;
	288	if(bit_num >= 6)
	289	{
1.4	290	bit_num -= 6;
1.2	291	base64_rep += digits[bit_arr >>> bit_num];
1.4	292	bit_arr &= ~~(-1 << bit_num);
1.2	293	}
	294	}
1.5	295	\\ if(bit_num > 0)
1.2	296	{
	297	bit_arr <<= 6 - bit_num;
	298	base64_rep += digits[bit_arr];
	299	}
1.5	300	\\ var padding = base64_rep.length % 4;
	301	\\ if(padding > 0)
1.2	302	{
	303	for(var n = 0; n < 4 - padding; ++n)
	304	{
	305	base64_rep += "=";
	306	}
	307	}
	308	return base64_rep;
	309	}
1.5	310	\\console.log(sha1_to_base64("data"));
	311	\\data is downlink payload required by end node.
1.4	312	e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030101"));
	313	result: AwEB
1.2	314	AwEB is the 0x030101's base 64 Encode.
1.5	315	\\e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030000"));
1.4	316	result: AwAA
	317	AwAA is 0x030000's base 64 Encode.
	318	)))
1.2	319
	320	== 4.3 Add the decode function in Chirpstack for the payload ==
	321
	322	User enters the payload code according to the steps.
	323
69.2	324	[[image:image-20220525104051-16.png]]
1.2	325
70.2	326	[[image:image-20220525104155-17.png]]
1.2	327
	328
84.2	329	[[image:image-20220526091602-5.png]]
	330
86.2	331	[[image:image-20220526091801-6.png]]
1.2	332
	333	= 5. Multiply Uplink in ChirpStack =
	334
1.4	335	(((
1.2	336	nbtrans field is the value to determine the re-transmission time for unconfirmed uplink data.
1.4	337	)))
1.2	338
1.4	339	(((
1.2	340	ChirpStack will auto adjust nbtrans according to uplink rssi. [[link to source>>url:https://github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/blob/master/internal/adr/adr.go]]
1.4	341	)))
1.2	342
86.2	343	[[image:image-20220526091912-7.png]]
1.2	344
1.5	345	(((
1.2	346	nbtrans is a field of ADR message, in unconfirm mode, it tells end node how many time it needs to transmit for every frame.
1.5	347	)))
1.2	348
76.2	349	[[image:image-20220525104359-21.png]]
1.2	350
1.4	351	(((
1.2	352	Above behaviour will cause the platform shows below two cases of error:
1.4	353	)))
1.2	354
1.4	355	(((
1.2	356	Error of duplicate Frame Counter
1.4	357	)))
1.2	358
76.2	359	[[image:image-20220525104437-22.png]]
1.2	360
	361	Duplicate transmission in short time
	362
76.2	363	[[image:image-20220525104502-23.png]]
1.2	364
	365	== 5.1 Solution ==
	366
	367	This example uses the Windows version as a template, other versions can refer to this. Similiar reference: [[https:~~/~~/confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102>>url:https://confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102]]
	368
1.5	369	(((
1.2	370	~1. Install the GO compilation environment: Download the corresponding version of the Go compiler at [[https:~~/~~/go.dev/dl/>>url:https://go.dev/dl/]] and install it.
1.5	371	)))
1.2	372
79.2	373	[[image:image-20220525104532-24.png]]
1.2	374
	375	installation path:
	376
79.2	377	[[image:image-20220525104554-25.png]]
1.2	378
1.5	379	(((
1.2	380	2. Environment variable settings:.
1.5	381	)))
1.2	382
1.5	383	(((
1.2	384	1) Open Computer -> Properties -> Advanced System Settings -> Environment Variables and add a "new" system variable:
1.5	385	)))
1.2	386
1.5	387	(((
1.2	388	2)Set the variable name GOROOT and the variable value C:\Go\ (installation directory)
1.5	389	)))
1.2	390
43.2	391	[[image:image-20220524165433-33.png]]
1.2	392
	393	3)Modify the system variable Path and add C:\Go\bin\:
	394
43.2	395	[[image:image-20220524165452-34.png]]
1.2	396
	397	User variable setting file generation directory: D:\go:
	398
43.2	399	[[image:image-20220524165517-35.png]]
1.2	400
	401	3. Modify the ADR configuration file according to your own needs, adr.setting.go is an example of the ADR configuration file.
	402
	403	The name of the plugin: Example ADR plugin:
	404
48.2	405	[[image:image-20220524165540-36.png]]
1.2	406
	407	Set Nbtrans: Nbtrans=1 (Nbtrans is the number of retransmissions, if it is 1, no retransmission, it is recommended to be 1). To enable it, you need to uncomment.
	408
48.2	409	[[image:image-20220524165557-37.png]]
1.2	410
	411	4. Compile the ADR configuration file and generate the exe file.
	412
	413	1) Create a folder named adr-setting
	414
	415	2) Open the adr-setting folder
	416
	417	3) Put adr.setting.go in this folder.
	418
	419	4) Open the computer cmd and run the following commands in sequencecd adr-setting
	420
	421	go mod init adr-setting
	422
	423	go get github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/v3/adr
	424
	425	go get github.com/hashicorp/go-plugin
	426
	427	go get adr-setting
	428
	429	go build
	430
	431	5) Finally generate this file：
	432
48.2	433	[[image:image-20220524165623-38.png]]
1.2	434
	435	5. Add the plugin and run the plugin.
	436
1.5	437	(((
1.2	438	The exe file generated in the previous step is placed in the same root directory as chirpstack-network-server.toml, and the ADR plugin is added to the toml file. The location of the addition is as follows:
1.5	439	)))
1.2	440
48.2	441	[[image:image-20220524165641-39.png]]
1.2	442
1.4	443	(((
1.5	444	(((
1.2	445	For example: adr_plugins=[“adr-setting”]
1.4	446	)))
1.5	447	)))
1.2	448
1.4	449	* (((
1.5	450	(((
1.4	451	Adding a single plugin format is adr_plugins=["filename"]
	452	)))
1.5	453	)))
1.2	454
1.4	455	* (((
1.5	456	(((
1.4	457	Adding multiple plugins The format is adr_plugins=["file name 1", "file name 2",...]
	458	)))
1.5	459	)))
1.2	460
1.4	461	(((
1.5	462	(((
1.2	463	Finally, re-run chirpstack-network-server.exe, and then select the plugin you just compiled in Device-profiles,
1.4	464	)))
1.5	465	)))
1.2	466
79.2	467	[[image:image-20220525104647-26.png]]
1.2	468
	469	Finish.
	470
	471	= 6. Trouble Shooting =
	472
	473	== 6.1 MIC Mismatch or MIC Failed ==
	474
1.4	475	(((
1.2	476	When the device is registered or the device is working normally, the problem of MIC mismatch and MIC failed occurs.
1.4	477	)))
1.2	478
1.4	479	(((
1.2	480	Under normal circumstances, users need to change the APPKEY to solve this problem.
1.4	481	)))

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