Wiki source code of Notes for ChirpStack

Version 151.1 by Kilight Cao on 2023/06/01 08:40

version	line-number	content
108.4	1	~ Table of Contents:
1.2	2
1.1	3	{{toc/}}
	4
86.4	5
	6
	7
108.4	8	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	9
108.4	10
53.1	11	(% style="color:black" %)The ChirpStack open-source LoRaWAN Network Server stack provides open-source components for LoRaWAN networks And the Chirpstack supports the users in building a private LoRaWAN Server. For more info please refer to this [[link>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]]
1.1	12
1.5	13	(((
51.1	14	(% style="color:black" %)The dragino gateway can connect the ChirpStack server via Semtech UDP or Semtech Basic Station.
108.4	15
	16
1.5	17	)))
1.1	18
108.4	19	(% style="color:blue" %)Prerequisite:
1.1	20
108.4	21	1) Have a Chirstack Server.
1.1	22
54.2	23	[[image:image-20220525100058-1.png]]
1.1	24
1.2	25	ChirpStack home page
1.1	26
54.2	27
1.1	28
108.4	29	2) Gateway model support
	30
1.2	31	(% class="box" %)
	32	(((
1.5	33	(((
1.2	34	Semtech UDP : All Model
108.4	35	Basic Station : [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
	36	(% style="color:red" %)Note (%%): the firmware needs >[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1640315898>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]] if use the Bais station
1.2	37	)))
1.5	38	)))
1.1	39
86.5	40
108.4	41	= 2. Semtech UDP =
1.1	42
108.4	43	== 2.1 Step 1. Add the Network-servers ==
1.1	44
108.4	45
1.2	46	The network-Servers address varies depending on the ChirpStack server setup environment
1.1	47
1.3	48	(% class="box" %)
	49	(((
108.5	50	Windows ~-~-> Network-server server * : localhost:8000
	51	Linux ~-~-> Network-server server * : chirpstack-network-server:8000
1.3	52	)))
1.1	53
108.4	54
108.6	55	(% style="color:red" %)If the user cannot add network-Servers, re-check the ChirpStack code or the server building process.
1.1	56
108.4	57
87.2	58	[[image:image-20220531171609-1.png]]
1.2	59
	60	Add the Network-servers
	61
84.2	62
108.6	63	== 2.2 Step 2. Create Gateway-profiles ==
1.2	64
108.6	65
88.2	66	[[image:image-20220531171651-2.png]]
1.2	67
	68	Create Gateway-profiles
	69
84.2	70
108.6	71	== 2.3 Step 3. Create Service-profiles ==
	72
	73
89.2	74	[[image:image-20220531171809-3.png]]
1.2	75
	76	Create Service-profiles
	77
89.3	78
1.2	79	In Step 3. Create Service-profiles, the above parameters can be set. If necessary, you can set them by yourself. This is only an example.
	80
1.4	81	(% style="color:red" %)Note : Before add the gateway, the user needs to complete the preceding three steps.
1.2	82
84.2	83	If the user has completed the preceding steps, proceed to the next step.(% style="display:none" %)
1.2	84
84.2	85
108.7	86	== 2.4 Step 4. Add the gateway ==
1.2	87
108.7	88
1.2	89	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744150
	90
1.5	91	(((
1.4	92	(% style="color:red" %)Note : The Gateway EUI and server addresses must match the ChirpStack configuration.
108.7	93
	94
1.5	95	)))
1.2	96
90.2	97	[[image:image-20220531171923-4.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1.2	98
	99	Add the gateway
	100
108.7	101
	102
91.2	103	[[image:image-20220531172031-5.png]]
1.2	104
	105	Configure the gateway
	106
84.2	107
108.8	108	== 2.5 Step 5. Checking gateway Status ==
	109
	110
92.2	111	[[image:image-20220531172158-6.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1.2	112
84.2	113
108.8	114
1.2	115	gateway Status
	116
93.2	117	[[image:image-20220531172304-7.png]]
1.2	118
	119	gateway Status
	120
86.6	121
108.9	122	= 3. Gateway Registration for Basics Station =
1.2	123
108.9	124	== 3.1 Introduction ==
9.1	125
108.8	126
9.1	127	The [[Semtech Basic Station>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/]] backend implements the [[LNS protocol>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/tcproto.html]]. It exposes a WebSocket handler to which Basic Station powered gateways can connect.
	128
	129	ChirpStack Open-Source LoRaWAN® Network Server needs to set up a configuration that can use Semtech BasicStation.
	130
	131
108.8	132	(% style="color:blue" %)Below list the support products and Requirements:
	133
9.1	134	1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
	135	1. Firmware version since :[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1651822913>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Test_Firmware/lgw--build-v5.4.1651822913-20220506-1543/]]
	136
108.8	137	(% style="color:blue" %)How to set up chirpStack Basic Station
	138
9.1	139	Users can check out the ChirpStack Basic Station [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/gateway-bridge/backends/basic-station/]] and [[forum>>https://forum.chirpstack.io/search?q=basic%20station]]
	140
	141
108.8	142	(% style="color:blue" %)What do you need to prepare
	143
9.1	144	A gateway that can access the internet normally
	145
86.7	146
108.9	147	== 3.2 Add Gateway ==
9.1	148
108.9	149
20.2	150	[[image:image-20220524164205-10.png]]
9.1	151
86.8	152
108.9	153	== 3.3 Access the gateway GUI ==
9.1	154
108.9	155
9.1	156	Access the gateway GUI interface of LoRaWAN~-~->LoRaWAN ~-~- Basic Station
	157
20.2	158	[[image:image-20220524164319-11.png]]
9.1	159
108.9	160
9.1	161	User need to Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station , input Server URI and Upload the TLS Certificate
	162
	163	(% class="box" %)
	164	(((
	165	Service Provider ~-~-> Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station
	166
	167	LNS URI ~-~-> Enter the LNS URI address, For example : wss:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:433 or ws:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:3001
	168
	169	LNS TLS trust ~-~-> Upload the TLS Certificate
	170	)))
	171
	172	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
20.2	173	[[image:image-20220524164341-12.png]]
9.1	174
86.9	175
108.9	176	== 3.4 Start Station ==
9.1	177
108.9	178
108.14	179	When the user has finished the configuration, Please click Sace&Apply to start station to connect ChirpStack.
9.1	180
86.10	181
108.9	182	== 3.5 Successful Connection ==
9.1	183
108.9	184
9.1	185	If user completes the above steps, which will see live date in the ChirpStack.
	186
23.2	187	[[image:image-20220524164448-13.png]]
9.1	188
86.11	189
108.9	190	== 3.6 Trouble Shooting ==
	191
	192
9.1	193	User can check the station log in the logread/system log page.
	194
95.2	195	[[image:image-20220531172837-8.png]]
9.1	196
86.13	197
9.1	198	and recode the station log in the system/Recode log page.
	199
95.2	200	[[image:image-20220531172857-9.png]]
9.1	201
86.12	202
138.1	203	= 4. How the gateway connects to Chirpstack v3 via gateway-bridge =
108.9	204
1.2	205
128.1	206	(% style="color:blue" %)Below list the support products and Requirements:
	207
	208	1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]],[[LPS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/200-lps8n.html]],[[LG308N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/229-lg308n.html]],[[DLOS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/225-dlos8n.html]]
138.1	209	1. Firmware version since: [[Chirpstack-Bridge-V3.14.6>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/Chirpstack-gateway-bridge/Chirpstack-Bridge-V3.14.6-Bridge--build-v5.4.1679487778-20230322-2024/]]
128.1	210
	211	(% style="color:blue" %)How to set up chirpStack Gateway-bridge
	212
138.1	213	Users can check out the ChirpStack gateway-bridge v3 [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/gateway-bridge/gateway/dragino/]]
128.1	214
	215
	216	(% style="color:blue" %)What do you need to prepare
	217
	218	A gateway that can access the internet normally
	219
1.2	220
138.1	221	The following example does not have configuration certificates:
	222
138.2	223
131.2	224	== 4.1 Configure Packet Forwarder ==
	225
	226
124.1	227	In the Dragino gateway web interface, you need to configure the Packet Forwarder so that it forwards its data to the port. localhost:1700 or 127.0.0.1:1700
121.2	228
138.3	229	* In the (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN (%%)menu, click on (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN ~-~- Semtech UDP
138.2	230
124.1	231	* Make sure the following settings are set:
138.4	232	Service Provider:** //~-~-Custom/Private LoRaWAN~-~-//
	233	LoRaWAN Server Address:** //localhost or 127.0.0.1//
	234	Server port for upstream:** //1700//
	235	Server port for downstream:** //1700//
138.2	236
138.3	237	Click (% style="color:blue" %)Save & Apply.
124.1	238
	239	[[image:image-20221222114220-2.png\|\|height="748" width="931"]]
	240
	241
131.2	242	== 4.2 Configuring gateway frequency ==
124.1	243
127.1	244
131.2	245	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Gateway frequencies must match
	246
127.1	247	[[image:image-20221222134830-3.png\|\|height="408" width="923"]]
	248
	249
138.1	250	== 4.3 Generate and modify the gateway-bridge configuration file ==
127.1	251
	252
138.1	253	1）Generate the gateway-bridge configuration file
	254
	255	By default, the configuration file is not up-to-date,so the user needs to rebuild the gateway-bridge configuration file.
	256
	257	Users need to access the command line of the gateway through SSH,Then type the following command:
	258
	259	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	260	(((
138.5	261	/opt/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge configfile > /etc/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge.toml
138.1	262	)))
	263
	264
	265	2）modify the gateway-bridge configuration file
	266
	267	The user needs to modify the server address in line 252 in the configuration file
	268
	269	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	270	(((
138.5	271	vim /etc/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge.toml
138.1	272	)))
	273
	274	[[image:image-20230415165254-1.png\|\|height="583" width="956"]]
	275
	276
	277	== 4.4 Debug ==
	278
	279
	280	After the above configuration is completed, the user can enter the command to debug the gateway-bridge connection
	281
	282	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	283	(((
138.5	284	/opt/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge ~-~-config /etc/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge.toml
138.1	285	)))
	286
	287	If the gateway-bridge connection is normal, the debug log displays "connected to mqtt broker".
	288
	289	[[image:image-20230415170404-2.png]]
	290
	291
	292	If the debug log shows "connection error", check that the server port or server is correct
	293
	294	[[image:image-20230415170854-3.png]]
	295
	296
	297	More information can be found on the [[ChirpStack website>>https://www.chirpstack.io/docs/]]or [[Forum>>url:https://forum.chirpstack.io/]]
	298
	299
	300	== 4.5 (Re)start and stop gateway-bridge ==
	301
	302
	303	Use the following commands to (re)start and stop the ChirpStack Gateway Bridge Service:
	304
	305	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	306	(((
	307	# start
	308
	309	/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge start
	310
	311	# stop
	312
	313	/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge stop
	314
	315	# restart
	316
	317	/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge restart
	318	)))
	319
	320
	321	= 5. How the gateway connects to Chirpstack v4 via gateway-bridge =
	322
	323
	324	(% style="color:blue" %)Below list the support products and Requirements:
	325
	326	1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]],[[LPS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/200-lps8n.html]],[[LG308N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/229-lg308n.html]],[[DLOS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/225-dlos8n.html]]
	327	1. Firmware version since: [[Chirpstack-Bridge-V4>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/Chirpstack-gateway-bridge/Chirpstack-Bridge-V4--build-v5.4.1670655072-20221210-1452/]]
	328
	329	(% style="color:blue" %)How to set up chirpStack Gateway-bridge
	330
	331	Users can check out the ChirpStack gateway-bridge v4 [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/docs/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/install/dragino.html]]
	332
	333
	334	(% style="color:blue" %)What do you need to prepare
	335
	336	A gateway that can access the internet normally
	337
	338
	339	== 5.1 Configure Packet Forwarder ==
	340
	341
	342	In the Dragino gateway web interface, you need to configure the Packet Forwarder so that it forwards its data to the port. localhost:1700 or 127.0.0.1:1700
	343
138.5	344	* In the (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN(%%) menu, click on (% style="color:blue" %)LoRaWAN ~-~- Semtech UDP
	345
138.1	346	* Make sure the following settings are set:
	347	Service Provider:** //~-~-Custom/Private LoRaWAN~-~-//
	348	LoRaWAN Server Address:** //localhost or 127.0.0.1//
	349	Server port for upstream:** //1700//
	350	Server port for downstream:** //1700//
	351
138.5	352	Click (% style="color:blue" %)Save & Apply.
138.1	353
	354	[[image:image-20221222114220-2.png\|\|height="748" width="931"]]
	355
	356
	357	== 5.2 Configuring gateway frequency ==
	358
	359
	360	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Gateway frequencies must match
	361
	362	[[image:image-20221222134830-3.png\|\|height="408" width="923"]]
	363
	364
	365	== 5.3 Modify the gateway-bridge configuration file ==
	366
	367
127.1	368	Run the gateway command line command to modify the gateway-bridge configuration file:
	369
	370	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	371	(((
138.5	372	root@dragino-1d27d4:~~# vim /etc/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge.toml
127.1	373	)))
	374
124.1	375	[[image:image-20221222113302-1.png]]
	376
131.2	377
127.1	378	[[image:image-20221222140203-4.png\|\|height="875" width="806"]]
	379
133.1	380	[[image:image-20221230094246-1.png\|\|height="768" width="783"]]
127.1	381
	382	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H" %)
	383	After the modification, run the following command: /etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge restart
	384
	385
138.1	386	== 5.4 (Re)start and stop gateway-bridge ==
131.2	387
	388
127.1	389	Use the following commands to (re)start and stop the ChirpStack Gateway Bridge Service:
	390
	391	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	392	(((
	393	# start
	394
	395	/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge start
	396
	397	# stop
	398
	399	/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge stop
	400
	401	# restart
	402
	403	/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge restart
	404	)))
	405
131.1	406
138.1	407	== 5.5 Successful Connection ==
131.1	408
131.2	409
131.1	410	[[image:image-20221222141754-5.png\|\|height="488" width="1150"]]
	411
131.2	412
131.1	413	[[image:image-20221222141830-6.png\|\|height="582" width="1153"]]
	414
131.2	415
138.1	416	= 6. Downlink =
124.1	417
138.1	418	== 6.1 Convert HEX to Base64 ==
124.1	419
	420
111.1	421	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Chirpstack uses base64 to downlink, the end node user manual provides HEX format of the downlink commands. So user needs to convert the HEX to Base64.
108.9	422
121.2	423	[[Online HEX to Base64 Converter>>https://base64.guru/converter/encode/hex]]:
111.1	424
	425	[[image:image-20221010193350-1.png]]
	426
	427
	428
121.2	429	[[Online Base64 to Hex converter>>https://base64.guru/converter/decode/hex]]
	430
111.1	431	[[image:image-20221010193621-2.png]]
	432
	433
138.1	434	== 6.2 Chirpstack Downlink Note ==
111.1	435
	436
108.2	437	[[image:image-20220601102543-2.png]]
1.2	438
121.2	439	Convert the data to Base64
1.2	440
121.2	441	(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
86.14	442
1.2	443
121.2	444	[[image:image-20220531173236-10.png\|\|height="597" width="1215"]]
1.2	445
121.2	446	Check ChripStack downlink DataRate
86.15	447
121.2	448
	449
65.2	450	[[image:image-20220525101326-11.png]]
1.2	451
121.2	452	Make sure the RX2DR is the same in the end node
1.2	453
86.16	454
138.1	455	== 6.3 Loraserver Downlink Note ==
108.9	456
	457
1.2	458	User can use MQTT to send downlink payload to ChirpStack to perform downstream to LoRaWAN End
	459
1.5	460	(((
108.9	461	Below is examples:
1.5	462	)))
1.2	463
1.4	464	(% class="box" %)
	465	(((
	466	Connect to your server via MQTT：
	467	MQTT Client ID: Any
	468	Protocol：mqtt/tcp Server IP：loraserver_ip:1883
1.2	469	User name: User name Password: password
1.4	470	)))
1.2	471
97.2	472	[[image:image-20220531173419-11.png]]
1.2	473
1.5	474	(((
121.2	475	MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
86.17	476
108.9	477
86.17	478
1.5	479	)))
1.2	480
1.5	481	(((
108.9	482	After connect
1.5	483	)))
1.2	484
1.4	485	(% class="box" %)
	486	(((
	487	Subscribe : Format：application/ID/device/ Device EUI/rx
1.2	488	Example: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/rx
1.4	489	)))
1.2	490
1.4	491	(% class="box" %)
	492	(((
	493	Publish:
1.2	494	Format: Top: application/ID/device/ Device EUI/tx
	495	Payload: {"confirmed":true or false,"fPort":XX,"data":"xxxx"}
	496	Example: Top: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/tx
	497	Payload: {"confirmed":true,"fPort":2,"data":"AwEB"}
1.4	498	)))
1.2	499
98.2	500	[[image:image-20220531173519-12.png]]
1.2	501
121.2	502	MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
1.2	503
86.18	504
121.2	505	If we want to send downstream hex 030101 to end node, the BASE64 payload is AwEB
1.2	506
100.2	507	[[image:image-20220531173658-14.png]]
1.2	508
108.9	509
1.5	510	(((
1.2	511	Downlink payload encode javescript code: 可以在网站上运行以下Javsscript代码：
1.5	512	)))
1.2	513
1.4	514	(% class="box" %)
	515	(((
	516	function sha1_to_base64(sha1)
1.2	517	{
	518	var digits="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
	519	var base64_rep = "";
	520	var cnt = 0;
	521	var bit_arr = 0;
	522	var bit_num = 0;
1.5	523	\\ for(var n = 0; n < sha1.length; ++n)
1.2	524	{
	525	if(sha1[n] >= 'A' && sha1[n] <= 'Z')
	526	{
121.1	527	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 55;
1.2	528	}
	529	else if(sha1[n] >= 'a' && sha1[n] <= 'z')
	530	{
121.1	531	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 87;
1.2	532	}
	533	else
	534	{
121.1	535	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 48;
1.2	536	}
1.5	537	\\ bit_arr = (bit_arr << 4) \| ascv;
1.2	538	bit_num += 4;
	539	if(bit_num >= 6)
	540	{
1.4	541	bit_num -= 6;
1.2	542	base64_rep += digits[bit_arr >>> bit_num];
1.4	543	bit_arr &= ~~(-1 << bit_num);
1.2	544	}
	545	}
1.5	546	\\ if(bit_num > 0)
1.2	547	{
	548	bit_arr <<= 6 - bit_num;
	549	base64_rep += digits[bit_arr];
	550	}
1.5	551	\\ var padding = base64_rep.length % 4;
	552	\\ if(padding > 0)
1.2	553	{
	554	for(var n = 0; n < 4 - padding; ++n)
	555	{
	556	base64_rep += "=";
	557	}
	558	}
	559	return base64_rep;
	560	}
1.5	561	\\console.log(sha1_to_base64("data"));
	562	\\data is downlink payload required by end node.
1.4	563	e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030101"));
	564	result: AwEB
1.2	565	AwEB is the 0x030101's base 64 Encode.
1.5	566	\\e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030000"));
1.4	567	result: AwAA
	568	AwAA is 0x030000's base 64 Encode.
	569	)))
1.2	570
86.21	571
147.2	572	== 6.4 Add the decode function in Chirpstack for the payload ==
108.9	573
	574
1.2	575	User enters the payload code according to the steps.
	576
150.1	577	Add the node device decoder you are using. The decoder for each node device is different. The decoder is found in this link: [[decoder for dragino end node>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]
	578
121.2	579	[[image:image-20220531173754-15.png\|\|height="474" width="1334"]]
1.2	580
	581
102.2	582	[[image:image-20220531173856-16.png]]
1.2	583
102.2	584
106.2	585	[[image:image-20220531174120-20.png]]
84.2	586
105.2	587	[[image:image-20220531174046-19.png]]
1.2	588
86.22	589
138.1	590	= 7. Multiply Uplink in ChirpStack =
108.9	591
	592
1.4	593	(((
1.2	594	nbtrans field is the value to determine the re-transmission time for unconfirmed uplink data.
1.4	595	)))
1.2	596
1.4	597	(((
1.2	598	ChirpStack will auto adjust nbtrans according to uplink rssi. [[link to source>>url:https://github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/blob/master/internal/adr/adr.go]]
108.9	599
	600
1.4	601	)))
1.2	602
121.2	603	[[image:image-20220526091912-7.png\|\|height="241" width="1336"]]
1.2	604
108.9	605
1.5	606	(((
1.2	607	nbtrans is a field of ADR message, in unconfirm mode, it tells end node how many time it needs to transmit for every frame.
108.9	608
	609
1.5	610	)))
1.2	611
76.2	612	[[image:image-20220525104359-21.png]]
1.2	613
1.4	614	(((
1.2	615	Above behaviour will cause the platform shows below two cases of error:
108.9	616
	617
1.4	618	)))
1.2	619
1.4	620	(((
1.2	621	Error of duplicate Frame Counter
1.4	622	)))
1.2	623
76.2	624	[[image:image-20220525104437-22.png]]
1.2	625
86.23	626
108.9	627
121.2	628	Duplicate transmission in short time
1.2	629
121.2	630	[[image:image-20220601102430-1.png\|\|height="598" width="1319"]]
1.2	631
86.24	632
138.1	633	== 7.1 Solution ==
108.9	634
	635
1.2	636	This example uses the Windows version as a template, other versions can refer to this. Similiar reference: [[https:~~/~~/confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102>>url:https://confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102]]
	637
108.9	638
1.5	639	(((
108.11	640	(% style="color:blue" %)1. Install the GO compilation environment: Download the corresponding version of the Go compiler at [[https:~~/~~/go.dev/dl/>>url:https://go.dev/dl/]] and install it.
108.9	641
	642
1.5	643	)))
1.2	644
79.2	645	[[image:image-20220525104532-24.png]]
1.2	646
86.25	647
108.9	648	installation path:
1.2	649
79.2	650	[[image:image-20220525104554-25.png]]
1.2	651
86.25	652
108.9	653
1.5	654	(((
108.11	655	(% style="color:blue" %)2. Environment variable settings:
1.5	656	)))
1.2	657
1.5	658	(((
1.2	659	1) Open Computer -> Properties -> Advanced System Settings -> Environment Variables and add a "new" system variable:
1.5	660	)))
1.2	661
1.5	662	(((
108.9	663	2) Set the variable name GOROOT and the variable value C:\Go\ (installation directory)
1.5	664	)))
1.2	665
43.2	666	[[image:image-20220524165433-33.png]]
1.2	667
86.26	668
108.9	669	3) Modify the system variable Path and add C:\Go\bin\:
1.2	670
43.2	671	[[image:image-20220524165452-34.png]]
1.2	672
106.3	673
1.2	674	User variable setting file generation directory: D:\go:
	675
43.2	676	[[image:image-20220524165517-35.png]]
1.2	677
86.27	678
1.2	679
108.11	680	(% style="color:blue" %)3. Modify the ADR configuration file according to your own needs, adr.setting.go is an example of the ADR configuration file.
108.9	681
1.2	682	The name of the plugin: Example ADR plugin:
	683
48.2	684	[[image:image-20220524165540-36.png]]
1.2	685
	686	Set Nbtrans: Nbtrans=1 (Nbtrans is the number of retransmissions, if it is 1, no retransmission, it is recommended to be 1). To enable it, you need to uncomment.
	687
48.2	688	[[image:image-20220524165557-37.png]]
1.2	689
86.28	690
1.2	691
108.11	692	(% style="color:blue" %)4. Compile the ADR configuration file and generate the exe file.
108.9	693
1.2	694	1) Create a folder named adr-setting
	695
	696	2) Open the adr-setting folder
	697
	698	3) Put adr.setting.go in this folder.
	699
	700	4) Open the computer cmd and run the following commands in sequencecd adr-setting
	701
	702	go mod init adr-setting
	703
	704	go get github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/v3/adr
	705
	706	go get github.com/hashicorp/go-plugin
	707
	708	go get adr-setting
	709
	710	go build
	711
	712	5) Finally generate this file：
	713
48.2	714	[[image:image-20220524165623-38.png]]
1.2	715
86.29	716
1.2	717
108.11	718	(% style="color:blue" %)5. Add the plugin and run the plugin.
108.9	719
1.5	720	(((
1.2	721	The exe file generated in the previous step is placed in the same root directory as chirpstack-network-server.toml, and the ADR plugin is added to the toml file. The location of the addition is as follows:
1.5	722	)))
1.2	723
48.2	724	[[image:image-20220524165641-39.png]]
1.2	725
1.4	726	(((
1.5	727	(((
1.2	728	For example: adr_plugins=[“adr-setting”]
1.4	729	)))
1.5	730	)))
1.2	731
1.4	732	* (((
1.5	733	(((
1.4	734	Adding a single plugin format is adr_plugins=["filename"]
	735	)))
1.5	736	)))
1.2	737
1.4	738	* (((
1.5	739	(((
1.4	740	Adding multiple plugins The format is adr_plugins=["file name 1", "file name 2",...]
	741	)))
1.5	742	)))
1.2	743
1.4	744	(((
1.5	745	(((
1.2	746	Finally, re-run chirpstack-network-server.exe, and then select the plugin you just compiled in Device-profiles,
1.4	747	)))
1.5	748	)))
1.2	749
79.2	750	[[image:image-20220525104647-26.png]]
1.2	751
	752	Finish.
	753
86.30	754
138.1	755	= 8. How to store/get all data traffic for a specific sensor, including raw payload, and uplink/ downlink history. =
108.9	756
1.2	757
115.1	758	All data is published to the MQTT topics. if you want to store/get the data, you would have to create an MQTT handler and store the data yourself.
1.2	759
115.1	760	This example will be shown how to store/get all the data in two ways:
108.9	761
138.5	762	(% style="color:blue" %)//1). Chirpstack ~-~-> Node-red//
115.1	763
	764
117.1	765	[[image:image-20221012184501-1.png]]
115.1	766
121.2	767
120.1	768	Use MQTT in Nore-red to subscribe to topics published by the chirpstack-application and then continuously write to a file
115.1	769
	770	[[image:image-20221012174220-2.png]]
	771
	772
120.1	773	[[image:image-20221012184655-3.png\|\|height="395" width="1049"]]
	774
	775
121.2	776	Each message is continuously logged to a specified file
115.1	777
	778	[[image:image-20221012174352-3.png]]
	779
	780
138.5	781	(% style="color:blue" %)//2). MQTT Sub//
115.1	782
	783	If you don't want to store the information via node-red, you can get the output via the subscribe command.
	784
	785
	786	If connecting from the same machine, you can use the following command to receive data:
	787
	788	(% class="box infomessage" %)
1.4	789	(((
138.5	790	mosquitto_sub -h localhost -t "application/#" -v
115.1	791	)))
	792
	793
138.5	794	(% style="color:blue" %)Different host
115.1	795
	796	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	797	(((
138.5	798	mosquitto_sub -h IPADDRESS -p 8883 ~-~-insecure ~-~-cafile ca.pem ~-~-cert cert.pem ~-~-key key.pem -t "application/#" -v
115.1	799	)))
	800
	801	[[image:image-20221012173639-1.png]]
	802
150.1	803	= 9. Example: Use Local Server ChirpStack and Node-Red in LPS8v2 =
115.1	804
	805
151.1	806	LPS8v2 includes a local ChirpStack Server and Node-Red. This example shows how to configure LHT65N to use with the local Node-Red server. This example assumes users already have:
115.1	807
141.1	808	* LHT65N register on LPS8v2 Built-In ChirpStack server already
	809	* The user is able to see the data on the built-in ChirpStack server device page.
115.1	810
141.1	811	Below are the steps to plot the sensor data on LPS8v2 Node-Red.
	812
147.2	813
150.1	814	== 9.1 Link Node-Red to Local ChirpStack ==
141.1	815
147.2	816
145.1	817	Users can download the Node-Red decoder from this link and import it into the Node-Red platform: [[attach:LHT65N-ChirpStack-node-red.json\|\|target="_blank"]]
141.1	818
	819	For more information on importing Input Flow, check out this link: [[Import Input Flow for Dragino Sensors>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/#H3.A0ImportInputFlowforDraginoSensors]]
	820
	821	After importing the Input Flow is complete, the user needs to edit the MQTT in the node
	822
	823
145.1	824	(% style="color:blue" %)1. Change the Topic
	825
141.1	826	Topic modifies it to the following format:
	827
145.1	828	application/(% style="color:red" %)Application ID(%%)/device/(% style="color:red" %)End device ID(%%)/event/up
141.1	829
145.1	830	[[image:image-20230527143923-1.png\|\|height="588" width="1132"]]
141.1	831
	832
145.1	833
	834	(% style="color:blue" %)2. Enter the MQTT configuration information
	835
	836	[[image:image-20230527144206-2.png\|\|height="590" width="1136"]]
	837
	838
147.1	839	(% style="color:blue" %)3. Finally, click "Update" and Deploy
	840
	841	"Connected" indicates that the Link Node-red to Local Chirpstack is normal.
	842
	843	[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/Notes%20for%20TTN/WebHome/image-20220914140918-5.png?width=1121&height=602&rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20220914140918-5.png"]]
	844
	845
150.1	846	== 9.2 Check result. ==
147.1	847
147.2	848
147.1	849	Users can check logs by adding debug.
	850
	851	Browser access: Node-Red-Server-Address:1880/ui
	852
	853	[[image:image-20230529150923-1.png\|\|height="424" width="1118"]]
	854
147.2	855
150.1	856	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
141.1	857
150.1	858	== 10.1 MIC Mismatch or MIC Failed ==
141.1	859
	860
115.1	861	(((
1.2	862	When the device is registered or the device is working normally, the problem of MIC mismatch and MIC failed occurs.
1.4	863	)))
1.2	864
1.4	865	(((
1.2	866	Under normal circumstances, users need to change the APPKEY to solve this problem.
131.2	867
	868
1.4	869	)))

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