Wiki source code of Notes for ChirpStack

Version 126.1 by Kilight Cao on 2022/12/22 14:02

version	line-number	content
108.4	1	~ Table of Contents:
1.2	2
1.1	3	{{toc/}}
	4
86.4	5
	6
	7
108.4	8	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	9
108.4	10
53.1	11	(% style="color:black" %)The ChirpStack open-source LoRaWAN Network Server stack provides open-source components for LoRaWAN networks And the Chirpstack supports the users in building a private LoRaWAN Server. For more info please refer to this [[link>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]]
1.1	12
1.5	13	(((
51.1	14	(% style="color:black" %)The dragino gateway can connect the ChirpStack server via Semtech UDP or Semtech Basic Station.
108.4	15
	16
1.5	17	)))
1.1	18
108.4	19	(% style="color:blue" %)Prerequisite:
1.1	20
108.4	21	1) Have a Chirstack Server.
1.1	22
54.2	23	[[image:image-20220525100058-1.png]]
1.1	24
1.2	25	ChirpStack home page
1.1	26
54.2	27
1.1	28
108.4	29	2) Gateway model support
	30
1.2	31	(% class="box" %)
	32	(((
1.5	33	(((
1.2	34	Semtech UDP : All Model
108.4	35	Basic Station : [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
	36	(% style="color:red" %)Note (%%): the firmware needs >[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1640315898>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]] if use the Bais station
1.2	37	)))
1.5	38	)))
1.1	39
86.5	40
	41
108.4	42	= 2. Semtech UDP =
1.1	43
108.4	44	== 2.1 Step 1. Add the Network-servers ==
1.1	45
108.4	46
1.2	47	The network-Servers address varies depending on the ChirpStack server setup environment
1.1	48
1.3	49	(% class="box" %)
	50	(((
108.5	51	Windows ~-~-> Network-server server * : localhost:8000
	52	Linux ~-~-> Network-server server * : chirpstack-network-server:8000
1.3	53	)))
1.1	54
108.4	55
108.6	56	(% style="color:red" %)If the user cannot add network-Servers, re-check the ChirpStack code or the server building process.
1.1	57
108.4	58
87.2	59	[[image:image-20220531171609-1.png]]
1.2	60
	61	Add the Network-servers
	62
84.2	63
108.4	64
108.6	65	== 2.2 Step 2. Create Gateway-profiles ==
1.2	66
108.6	67
88.2	68	[[image:image-20220531171651-2.png]]
1.2	69
	70	Create Gateway-profiles
	71
84.2	72
1.2	73
108.6	74	== 2.3 Step 3. Create Service-profiles ==
	75
	76
89.2	77	[[image:image-20220531171809-3.png]]
1.2	78
	79	Create Service-profiles
	80
89.3	81
1.2	82	In Step 3. Create Service-profiles, the above parameters can be set. If necessary, you can set them by yourself. This is only an example.
	83
1.4	84	(% style="color:red" %)Note : Before add the gateway, the user needs to complete the preceding three steps.
1.2	85
84.2	86	If the user has completed the preceding steps, proceed to the next step.(% style="display:none" %)
1.2	87
84.2	88
108.6	89
108.7	90	== 2.4 Step 4. Add the gateway ==
1.2	91
108.7	92
1.2	93	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744150
	94
1.5	95	(((
1.4	96	(% style="color:red" %)Note : The Gateway EUI and server addresses must match the ChirpStack configuration.
108.7	97
	98
1.5	99	)))
1.2	100
90.2	101	[[image:image-20220531171923-4.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1.2	102
	103	Add the gateway
	104
108.7	105
	106
91.2	107	[[image:image-20220531172031-5.png]]
1.2	108
	109	Configure the gateway
	110
84.2	111
1.2	112
108.8	113	== 2.5 Step 5. Checking gateway Status ==
	114
	115
92.2	116	[[image:image-20220531172158-6.png]](% style="display:none" %)
1.2	117
84.2	118
108.8	119
1.2	120	gateway Status
	121
93.2	122	[[image:image-20220531172304-7.png]]
1.2	123
	124	gateway Status
	125
86.6	126
108.8	127
108.9	128	= 3. Gateway Registration for Basics Station =
1.2	129
108.9	130	== 3.1 Introduction ==
9.1	131
108.8	132
9.1	133	The [[Semtech Basic Station>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/]] backend implements the [[LNS protocol>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/tcproto.html]]. It exposes a WebSocket handler to which Basic Station powered gateways can connect.
	134
	135	ChirpStack Open-Source LoRaWAN® Network Server needs to set up a configuration that can use Semtech BasicStation.
	136
	137
108.8	138	(% style="color:blue" %)Below list the support products and Requirements:
	139
9.1	140	1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
	141	1. Firmware version since :[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1651822913>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Test_Firmware/lgw--build-v5.4.1651822913-20220506-1543/]]
	142
108.8	143	(% style="color:blue" %)How to set up chirpStack Basic Station
	144
9.1	145	Users can check out the ChirpStack Basic Station [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/gateway-bridge/backends/basic-station/]] and [[forum>>https://forum.chirpstack.io/search?q=basic%20station]]
	146
	147
108.8	148	(% style="color:blue" %)What do you need to prepare
	149
9.1	150	A gateway that can access the internet normally
	151
86.7	152
108.9	153	== 3.2 Add Gateway ==
9.1	154
108.9	155
20.2	156	[[image:image-20220524164205-10.png]]
9.1	157
86.8	158
108.9	159	== 3.3 Access the gateway GUI ==
9.1	160
108.9	161
9.1	162	Access the gateway GUI interface of LoRaWAN~-~->LoRaWAN ~-~- Basic Station
	163
20.2	164	[[image:image-20220524164319-11.png]]
9.1	165
108.9	166
9.1	167	User need to Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station , input Server URI and Upload the TLS Certificate
	168
	169	(% class="box" %)
	170	(((
	171	Service Provider ~-~-> Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station
	172
	173	LNS URI ~-~-> Enter the LNS URI address, For example : wss:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:433 or ws:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:3001
	174
	175	LNS TLS trust ~-~-> Upload the TLS Certificate
	176	)))
	177
	178	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
20.2	179	[[image:image-20220524164341-12.png]]
9.1	180
86.9	181
108.9	182	== 3.4 Start Station ==
9.1	183
108.9	184
108.14	185	When the user has finished the configuration, Please click Sace&Apply to start station to connect ChirpStack.
9.1	186
86.10	187
108.9	188	== 3.5 Successful Connection ==
9.1	189
108.9	190
9.1	191	If user completes the above steps, which will see live date in the ChirpStack.
	192
23.2	193	[[image:image-20220524164448-13.png]]
9.1	194
86.11	195
108.9	196	== 3.6 Trouble Shooting ==
	197
	198
9.1	199	User can check the station log in the logread/system log page.
	200
95.2	201	[[image:image-20220531172837-8.png]]
9.1	202
86.13	203
9.1	204	and recode the station log in the system/Recode log page.
	205
95.2	206	[[image:image-20220531172857-9.png]]
9.1	207
86.12	208
124.1	209	= 4. How the gateway connects to Chirpstack v4 via gateway-bridge =
108.9	210
1.2	211
124.1	212	=== 4.1 Configure Packet Forwarder ===
1.2	213
124.1	214	In the Dragino gateway web interface, you need to configure the Packet Forwarder so that it forwards its data to the port. localhost:1700 or 127.0.0.1:1700
121.2	215
124.1	216	* In the LoRaWAN menu, click on LoRaWAN ~-~- Semtech UDP
	217	* Make sure the following settings are set:
	218	Service Provider:** //~-~-Custom/Private LoRaWAN~-~-//
	219	LoRaWAN Server Address:** //localhost or 127.0.0.1//
	220	Server port for upstream:** //1700//
	221	Server port for downstream:** //1700//
	222
	223	Click Save & Apply.
	224
	225	[[image:image-20221222114220-2.png\|\|height="748" width="931"]]
	226
	227
	228	4.2
	229
	230	[[image:image-20221222113302-1.png]]
	231
	232	= 5. Downlink =
	233
	234	== 5.1 Convert HEX to Base64 ==
	235
	236
111.1	237	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Chirpstack uses base64 to downlink, the end node user manual provides HEX format of the downlink commands. So user needs to convert the HEX to Base64.
108.9	238
121.2	239	[[Online HEX to Base64 Converter>>https://base64.guru/converter/encode/hex]]:
111.1	240
	241	[[image:image-20221010193350-1.png]]
	242
	243
	244
121.2	245	[[Online Base64 to Hex converter>>https://base64.guru/converter/decode/hex]]
	246
111.1	247	[[image:image-20221010193621-2.png]]
	248
	249
124.1	250	== 5.2 Chirpstack Downlink Note ==
111.1	251
	252
108.2	253	[[image:image-20220601102543-2.png]]
1.2	254
121.2	255	Convert the data to Base64
1.2	256
121.2	257	(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
86.14	258
1.2	259
121.2	260	[[image:image-20220531173236-10.png\|\|height="597" width="1215"]]
1.2	261
121.2	262	Check ChripStack downlink DataRate
86.15	263
121.2	264
	265
65.2	266	[[image:image-20220525101326-11.png]]
1.2	267
121.2	268	Make sure the RX2DR is the same in the end node
1.2	269
86.16	270
124.1	271	== 5.3 Loraserver Downlink Note ==
108.9	272
	273
1.2	274	User can use MQTT to send downlink payload to ChirpStack to perform downstream to LoRaWAN End
	275
1.5	276	(((
108.9	277	Below is examples:
1.5	278	)))
1.2	279
1.4	280	(% class="box" %)
	281	(((
	282	Connect to your server via MQTT：
	283	MQTT Client ID: Any
	284	Protocol：mqtt/tcp Server IP：loraserver_ip:1883
1.2	285	User name: User name Password: password
1.4	286	)))
1.2	287
97.2	288	[[image:image-20220531173419-11.png]]
1.2	289
1.5	290	(((
121.2	291	MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
86.17	292
108.9	293
86.17	294
1.5	295	)))
1.2	296
1.5	297	(((
108.9	298	After connect
1.5	299	)))
1.2	300
1.4	301	(% class="box" %)
	302	(((
	303	Subscribe : Format：application/ID/device/ Device EUI/rx
1.2	304	Example: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/rx
1.4	305	)))
1.2	306
1.4	307	(% class="box" %)
	308	(((
	309	Publish:
1.2	310	Format: Top: application/ID/device/ Device EUI/tx
	311	Payload: {"confirmed":true or false,"fPort":XX,"data":"xxxx"}
	312	Example: Top: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/tx
	313	Payload: {"confirmed":true,"fPort":2,"data":"AwEB"}
1.4	314	)))
1.2	315
98.2	316	[[image:image-20220531173519-12.png]]
1.2	317
121.2	318	MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
1.2	319
86.18	320
121.2	321	If we want to send downstream hex 030101 to end node, the BASE64 payload is AwEB
1.2	322
100.2	323	[[image:image-20220531173658-14.png]]
1.2	324
108.9	325
1.5	326	(((
1.2	327	Downlink payload encode javescript code: 可以在网站上运行以下Javsscript代码：
1.5	328	)))
1.2	329
1.4	330	(% class="box" %)
	331	(((
	332	function sha1_to_base64(sha1)
1.2	333	{
	334	var digits="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
	335	var base64_rep = "";
	336	var cnt = 0;
	337	var bit_arr = 0;
	338	var bit_num = 0;
1.5	339	\\ for(var n = 0; n < sha1.length; ++n)
1.2	340	{
	341	if(sha1[n] >= 'A' && sha1[n] <= 'Z')
	342	{
121.1	343	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 55;
1.2	344	}
	345	else if(sha1[n] >= 'a' && sha1[n] <= 'z')
	346	{
121.1	347	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 87;
1.2	348	}
	349	else
	350	{
121.1	351	ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 48;
1.2	352	}
1.5	353	\\ bit_arr = (bit_arr << 4) \| ascv;
1.2	354	bit_num += 4;
	355	if(bit_num >= 6)
	356	{
1.4	357	bit_num -= 6;
1.2	358	base64_rep += digits[bit_arr >>> bit_num];
1.4	359	bit_arr &= ~~(-1 << bit_num);
1.2	360	}
	361	}
1.5	362	\\ if(bit_num > 0)
1.2	363	{
	364	bit_arr <<= 6 - bit_num;
	365	base64_rep += digits[bit_arr];
	366	}
1.5	367	\\ var padding = base64_rep.length % 4;
	368	\\ if(padding > 0)
1.2	369	{
	370	for(var n = 0; n < 4 - padding; ++n)
	371	{
	372	base64_rep += "=";
	373	}
	374	}
	375	return base64_rep;
	376	}
1.5	377	\\console.log(sha1_to_base64("data"));
	378	\\data is downlink payload required by end node.
1.4	379	e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030101"));
	380	result: AwEB
1.2	381	AwEB is the 0x030101's base 64 Encode.
1.5	382	\\e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030000"));
1.4	383	result: AwAA
	384	AwAA is 0x030000's base 64 Encode.
	385	)))
1.2	386
86.21	387
1.2	388
108.9	389	== 4.3 Add the decode function in Chirpstack for the payload ==
	390
	391
1.2	392	User enters the payload code according to the steps.
	393
121.2	394	[[image:image-20220531173754-15.png\|\|height="474" width="1334"]]
1.2	395
	396
102.2	397	[[image:image-20220531173856-16.png]]
1.2	398
102.2	399
106.2	400	[[image:image-20220531174120-20.png]]
84.2	401
105.2	402	[[image:image-20220531174046-19.png]]
1.2	403
86.22	404
124.1	405	= 6. Multiply Uplink in ChirpStack =
108.9	406
	407
1.4	408	(((
1.2	409	nbtrans field is the value to determine the re-transmission time for unconfirmed uplink data.
1.4	410	)))
1.2	411
1.4	412	(((
1.2	413	ChirpStack will auto adjust nbtrans according to uplink rssi. [[link to source>>url:https://github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/blob/master/internal/adr/adr.go]]
108.9	414
	415
1.4	416	)))
1.2	417
121.2	418	[[image:image-20220526091912-7.png\|\|height="241" width="1336"]]
1.2	419
108.9	420
1.5	421	(((
1.2	422	nbtrans is a field of ADR message, in unconfirm mode, it tells end node how many time it needs to transmit for every frame.
108.9	423
	424
1.5	425	)))
1.2	426
76.2	427	[[image:image-20220525104359-21.png]]
1.2	428
1.4	429	(((
1.2	430	Above behaviour will cause the platform shows below two cases of error:
108.9	431
	432
1.4	433	)))
1.2	434
1.4	435	(((
1.2	436	Error of duplicate Frame Counter
1.4	437	)))
1.2	438
76.2	439	[[image:image-20220525104437-22.png]]
1.2	440
86.23	441
108.9	442
121.2	443	Duplicate transmission in short time
1.2	444
121.2	445	[[image:image-20220601102430-1.png\|\|height="598" width="1319"]]
1.2	446
86.24	447
1.2	448
124.1	449	== 6.1 Solution ==
108.9	450
	451
1.2	452	This example uses the Windows version as a template, other versions can refer to this. Similiar reference: [[https:~~/~~/confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102>>url:https://confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102]]
	453
108.9	454
1.5	455	(((
108.11	456	(% style="color:blue" %)1. Install the GO compilation environment: Download the corresponding version of the Go compiler at [[https:~~/~~/go.dev/dl/>>url:https://go.dev/dl/]] and install it.
108.9	457
	458
1.5	459	)))
1.2	460
79.2	461	[[image:image-20220525104532-24.png]]
1.2	462
86.25	463
108.9	464	installation path:
1.2	465
79.2	466	[[image:image-20220525104554-25.png]]
1.2	467
86.25	468
108.9	469
1.5	470	(((
108.11	471	(% style="color:blue" %)2. Environment variable settings:
1.5	472	)))
1.2	473
1.5	474	(((
1.2	475	1) Open Computer -> Properties -> Advanced System Settings -> Environment Variables and add a "new" system variable:
1.5	476	)))
1.2	477
1.5	478	(((
108.9	479	2) Set the variable name GOROOT and the variable value C:\Go\ (installation directory)
1.5	480	)))
1.2	481
43.2	482	[[image:image-20220524165433-33.png]]
1.2	483
86.26	484
108.9	485	3) Modify the system variable Path and add C:\Go\bin\:
1.2	486
43.2	487	[[image:image-20220524165452-34.png]]
1.2	488
106.3	489
1.2	490	User variable setting file generation directory: D:\go:
	491
43.2	492	[[image:image-20220524165517-35.png]]
1.2	493
86.27	494
1.2	495
108.11	496	(% style="color:blue" %)3. Modify the ADR configuration file according to your own needs, adr.setting.go is an example of the ADR configuration file.
108.9	497
1.2	498	The name of the plugin: Example ADR plugin:
	499
48.2	500	[[image:image-20220524165540-36.png]]
1.2	501
	502	Set Nbtrans: Nbtrans=1 (Nbtrans is the number of retransmissions, if it is 1, no retransmission, it is recommended to be 1). To enable it, you need to uncomment.
	503
48.2	504	[[image:image-20220524165557-37.png]]
1.2	505
86.28	506
1.2	507
108.11	508	(% style="color:blue" %)4. Compile the ADR configuration file and generate the exe file.
108.9	509
1.2	510	1) Create a folder named adr-setting
	511
	512	2) Open the adr-setting folder
	513
	514	3) Put adr.setting.go in this folder.
	515
	516	4) Open the computer cmd and run the following commands in sequencecd adr-setting
	517
	518	go mod init adr-setting
	519
	520	go get github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/v3/adr
	521
	522	go get github.com/hashicorp/go-plugin
	523
	524	go get adr-setting
	525
	526	go build
	527
	528	5) Finally generate this file：
	529
48.2	530	[[image:image-20220524165623-38.png]]
1.2	531
86.29	532
1.2	533
108.11	534	(% style="color:blue" %)5. Add the plugin and run the plugin.
108.9	535
1.5	536	(((
1.2	537	The exe file generated in the previous step is placed in the same root directory as chirpstack-network-server.toml, and the ADR plugin is added to the toml file. The location of the addition is as follows:
1.5	538	)))
1.2	539
48.2	540	[[image:image-20220524165641-39.png]]
1.2	541
1.4	542	(((
1.5	543	(((
1.2	544	For example: adr_plugins=[“adr-setting”]
1.4	545	)))
1.5	546	)))
1.2	547
1.4	548	* (((
1.5	549	(((
1.4	550	Adding a single plugin format is adr_plugins=["filename"]
	551	)))
1.5	552	)))
1.2	553
1.4	554	* (((
1.5	555	(((
1.4	556	Adding multiple plugins The format is adr_plugins=["file name 1", "file name 2",...]
	557	)))
1.5	558	)))
1.2	559
1.4	560	(((
1.5	561	(((
1.2	562	Finally, re-run chirpstack-network-server.exe, and then select the plugin you just compiled in Device-profiles,
1.4	563	)))
1.5	564	)))
1.2	565
79.2	566	[[image:image-20220525104647-26.png]]
1.2	567
	568	Finish.
	569
86.30	570
124.1	571	= 7. How to store/get all data traffic for a specific sensor, including raw payload, and uplink/ downlink history. =
108.9	572
1.2	573
115.1	574	All data is published to the MQTT topics. if you want to store/get the data, you would have to create an MQTT handler and store the data yourself.
1.2	575
115.1	576	This example will be shown how to store/get all the data in two ways:
108.9	577
115.1	578	//1). Chirpstack ~-~-> Node-red//
	579
	580
117.1	581	[[image:image-20221012184501-1.png]]
115.1	582
121.2	583
120.1	584	Use MQTT in Nore-red to subscribe to topics published by the chirpstack-application and then continuously write to a file
115.1	585
	586	[[image:image-20221012174220-2.png]]
	587
	588
120.1	589	[[image:image-20221012184655-3.png\|\|height="395" width="1049"]]
	590
	591
121.2	592	Each message is continuously logged to a specified file
115.1	593
	594	[[image:image-20221012174352-3.png]]
	595
	596
	597	//2). MQTT Sub//
	598
	599	If you don't want to store the information via node-red, you can get the output via the subscribe command.
	600
	601
	602	If connecting from the same machine, you can use the following command to receive data:
	603
	604	(% class="box infomessage" %)
1.4	605	(((
115.1	606	mosquitto_sub -h localhost -t "application/#" -v
	607	)))
	608
	609
	610	Different host
	611
	612	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	613	(((
	614	mosquitto_sub -h IPADDRESS -p 8883 ~-~-insecure ~-~-cafile ca.pem ~-~-cert cert.pem ~-~-key key.pem -t "application/#" -v
	615	)))
	616
	617	[[image:image-20221012173639-1.png]]
	618
	619
124.1	620	= 8. Trouble Shooting =
115.1	621
124.1	622	== 8.1 MIC Mismatch or MIC Failed ==
115.1	623
	624
	625	(((
1.2	626	When the device is registered or the device is working normally, the problem of MIC mismatch and MIC failed occurs.
1.4	627	)))
1.2	628
1.4	629	(((
1.2	630	Under normal circumstances, users need to change the APPKEY to solve this problem.
1.4	631	)))

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