Changes for page Notes for ChirpStack

Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2024/09/24 15:23
<
From version < 131.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/12/26 10:18
To version < 103.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/31 17:39
>
Change comment: Uploaded new attachment "image-20220531173939-17.png", version {1}

Summary

Details

Page properties
Content
... ... @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
1 -**~ Table of Contents:**
1 +**~ Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
... ... @@ -5,20 +5,17 @@
5 5  
6 6  
7 7  
8 -= 1.  Introduction =
8 += 1. Introduction =
9 9  
10 -
11 11  (% style="color:black" %)The ChirpStack open-source LoRaWAN Network Server stack provides open-source components for LoRaWAN networks And the Chirpstack supports the users in building a private LoRaWAN Server. For more info please refer to this [[link>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]]
12 12  
13 13  (((
14 14  (% style="color:black" %)The dragino gateway can connect the ChirpStack server via Semtech UDP or Semtech Basic Station.
15 -
16 -
17 17  )))
18 18  
19 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Prerequisite:**
16 +**Prerequisite**
20 20  
21 -**1) Have a Chirstack Server.**
18 +1) Have a Chirstack Server.
22 22  
23 23  [[image:image-20220525100058-1.png]]
24 24  
... ... @@ -25,52 +25,47 @@
25 25  ChirpStack home page
26 26  
27 27  
25 +2) Gateway model support
28 28  
29 -**2) Gateway model support**
30 -
31 31  (% class="box" %)
32 32  (((
33 33  (((
34 34  Semtech UDP : **All Model**
35 -Basic Station : [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
36 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note** (%%): the firmware needs >[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1640315898>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]]  if use the Bais station
31 +Basic Station : , , 
32 +**Note** : the firmware needs >  if use the Bais station
37 37  )))
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  
41 -= 2.  Semtech UDP =
42 42  
43 -== 2.1  Step 1. Add the Network-servers ==
38 += 2. Semtech UDP =
44 44  
40 +== 2.1 Step 1. Add the Network-servers ==
45 45  
46 46  The network-Servers address varies depending on the ChirpStack server setup environment
47 47  
48 48  (% class="box" %)
49 49  (((
50 - Windows       ~-~->  Network-server server *  :  localhost:8000
51 - Linux  ~-~->  Network-server server *  :  chirpstack-network-server:8000
46 + Windows       ~-~->Network-server server * : localhost:8000
47 + Linux         ~-~->Network-server server * : chirpstack-network-server:8000
52 52  )))
53 53  
50 +If the user cannot add network-Servers, re-check the ChirpStack code or the server building process.
54 54  
55 -(% style="color:red" %)**If the user cannot add network-Servers, re-check the ChirpStack code or the server building process.**
56 -
57 -
58 58  [[image:image-20220531171609-1.png]]
59 59  
60 60  Add the Network-servers
61 61  
62 62  
63 -== 2.2  Step 2. Create Gateway-profiles ==
57 +== 2.2 Step 2. Create Gateway-profiles ==
64 64  
65 -
66 66  [[image:image-20220531171651-2.png]]
67 67  
68 68  Create Gateway-profiles
69 69  
70 70  
71 -== 2.3  Step 3. Create Service-profiles ==
64 +== 2.3 Step 3. Create Service-profiles ==
72 72  
73 -
74 74  [[image:image-20220531171809-3.png]]
75 75  
76 76  Create Service-profiles
... ... @@ -83,35 +83,29 @@
83 83  If the user has completed the preceding steps, proceed to the next step.(% style="display:none" %)
84 84  
85 85  
86 -== 2.4  Step 4. Add the gateway ==
78 +== 2.4 Step 4. Add the gateway ==
87 87  
88 -
89 89  The example gateway id is: a840411e96744150
90 90  
91 91  (((
92 92  (% style="color:red" %)**Note : The Gateway EUI and server addresses must match the ChirpStack configuration.**
93 -
94 -
95 95  )))
96 96  
97 97  [[image:image-20220531171923-4.png]](% style="display:none" %)
98 98  
88 +
99 99  Add the gateway
100 100  
101 -
102 -
103 103  [[image:image-20220531172031-5.png]]
104 104  
105 105  Configure the gateway
106 106  
107 107  
108 -== 2.5  Step 5. Checking gateway Status ==
96 +== 2.5 Step 5. Checking gateway Status ==
109 109  
110 -
111 111  [[image:image-20220531172158-6.png]](% style="display:none" %)
112 112  
113 113  
114 -
115 115  gateway Status
116 116  
117 117  [[image:image-20220531172304-7.png]]
... ... @@ -119,45 +119,39 @@
119 119  gateway Status
120 120  
121 121  
122 -= 3.  Gateway Registration for Basics Station =
108 += 3. Gateway Registration for Basics Station =
123 123  
124 -== 3.1  Introduction ==
110 +== 3.1 Introduction ==
125 125  
126 -
127 127  The [[Semtech Basic Station>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/]] backend implements the [[LNS protocol>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/tcproto.html]]. It exposes a WebSocket handler to which Basic Station powered gateways can connect.
128 128  
129 129  ChirpStack Open-Source LoRaWAN® Network Server needs to set up a configuration that can use Semtech BasicStation.
130 130  
116 +**Below list the support products and Requirements:**
131 131  
132 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Below list the support products and Requirements:**
133 -
134 134  1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
135 135  1. Firmware version since :[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1651822913>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Test_Firmware/lgw--build-v5.4.1651822913-20220506-1543/]]
136 136  
137 -(% style="color:blue" %)**How to set up chirpStack Basic Station**
121 +**How to set up chirpStack Basic Station**
138 138  
139 139  Users can check out the ChirpStack Basic Station [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/gateway-bridge/backends/basic-station/]] and [[forum>>https://forum.chirpstack.io/search?q=basic%20station]]
140 140  
125 +**What do you need to prepare**
141 141  
142 -(% style="color:blue" %)**What do you need to prepare**
143 -
144 144  A gateway that can access the internet normally
145 145  
146 146  
147 -== 3.2  Add Gateway ==
130 +== 3.2 Add Gateway ==
148 148  
149 -
150 150  [[image:image-20220524164205-10.png]]
151 151  
152 152  
153 -== 3.3  Access the gateway GUI ==
135 +== 3.3 Access the gateway GUI ==
154 154  
155 -
156 156  Access the gateway GUI interface of LoRaWAN~-~->LoRaWAN ~-~- Basic Station
157 157  
158 158  [[image:image-20220524164319-11.png]]
159 159  
160 -
161 161  User need to Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station , input Server URI and Upload the TLS Certificate
162 162  
163 163  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -173,23 +173,20 @@
173 173  [[image:image-20220524164341-12.png]]
174 174  
175 175  
176 -== 3.4  Start Station ==
156 +== 3.4 Start Station ==
177 177  
158 +When the user has finished the configuration, Please click Sace&Apply to start station to connect ChirpStack
178 178  
179 -When the user has finished the configuration, Please click **Sace&Apply** to start station to connect ChirpStack.
180 180  
161 +== 3.5 Successful Connection ==
181 181  
182 -== 3.5  Successful Connection ==
183 -
184 -
185 185  If user completes the above steps, which will see live date in the ChirpStack.
186 186  
187 187  [[image:image-20220524164448-13.png]]
188 188  
189 189  
190 -== 3.6  Trouble Shooting ==
168 +== 3.6 Trouble Shooting ==
191 191  
192 -
193 193  User can check the station log in the logread/system log page.
194 194  
195 195  [[image:image-20220531172837-8.png]]
... ... @@ -200,145 +200,31 @@
200 200  [[image:image-20220531172857-9.png]]
201 201  
202 202  
203 -= 4.  How the gateway connects to Chirpstack v4 via gateway-bridge =
180 += 4. Downlink =
204 204  
182 +== 4.1 Chirpstack Downlink Note ==
205 205  
206 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Below list the support products and Requirements:**
184 +[[image:image-20220525101223-9.png]]
207 207  
208 -1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]],[[LPS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/200-lps8n.html]],[[LG308N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/229-lg308n.html]],[[DLOS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/225-dlos8n.html]]
209 -1. Firmware version since: [[Chirpstack-gateway-bridge>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/Chirpstack-gateway-bridge/]]
186 +Convert the data to Base64
210 210  
211 -(% style="color:blue" %)**How to set up chirpStack Gateway-bridge**
212 212  
213 -Users can check out the ChirpStack gateway-bridge v4 [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/docs/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/install/dragino.html]]
189 +[[image:image-20220531173236-10.png]]
214 214  
191 +Check ChripStack downlink DataRate
215 215  
216 -(% style="color:blue" %)**What do you need to prepare**
217 217  
218 -A gateway that can access the internet normally
219 -
220 -
221 -== 4.1  Configure Packet Forwarder ==
222 -
223 -
224 -In the Dragino gateway web interface, you need to configure the Packet Forwarder so that it forwards its data to the port. localhost:1700 or 127.0.0.1:1700
225 -
226 -* In the **LoRaWAN** menu, click on **LoRaWAN ~-~- Semtech UDP**
227 -* Make sure the following settings are set:
228 -** **Service Provider:** //~-~-Custom/Private LoRaWAN~-~-//
229 -** **LoRaWAN Server Address:** //localhost or 127.0.0.1//
230 -** **Server port for upstream:** //1700//
231 -** **Server port for downstream:** //1700//
232 -
233 - Click **Save & Apply**.
234 -
235 -[[image:image-20221222114220-2.png||height="748" width="931"]]
236 -
237 -
238 -== 4.2  Configuring gateway frequency ==
239 -
240 -
241 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Gateway frequencies must match**
242 -
243 -[[image:image-20221222134830-3.png||height="408" width="923"]]
244 -
245 -
246 -== 4.3  Modify the gateway-bridge configuration file ==
247 -
248 -
249 -Run the gateway command line command to modify the gateway-bridge configuration file:
250 -
251 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
252 -(((
253 -root@dragino-1d27d4:~~#  vim /etc/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge.toml
254 -)))
255 -
256 -[[image:image-20221222113302-1.png]]
257 -
258 -
259 -[[image:image-20221222140203-4.png||height="875" width="806"]]
260 -
261 -
262 -(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H" %)
263 -After the modification, run the following command: **/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge restart**
264 -
265 -
266 -== 4.4  (Re)start and stop gateway-bridge ==
267 -
268 -
269 -Use the following commands to (re)start and stop the ChirpStack Gateway Bridge Service:
270 -
271 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
272 -(((
273 -**# start**
274 -
275 -/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge start
276 -
277 -**# stop**
278 -
279 -/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge stop
280 -
281 -**# restart**
282 -
283 -/etc/init.d/chirpstack-gateway-bridge restart
284 -)))
285 -
286 -
287 -== 4.5  Successful Connection ==
288 -
289 -
290 -[[image:image-20221222141754-5.png||height="488" width="1150"]]
291 -
292 -
293 -[[image:image-20221222141830-6.png||height="582" width="1153"]]
294 -
295 -
296 -= 5.  Downlink =
297 -
298 -== 5.1  Convert HEX to Base64 ==
299 -
300 -
301 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Chirpstack uses base64 to downlink, the end node user manual provides HEX format of the downlink commands. So user needs to convert the HEX to Base64.**
302 -
303 -**[[Online HEX to Base64 Converter>>https://base64.guru/converter/encode/hex]]:**
304 -
305 -[[image:image-20221010193350-1.png]]
306 -
307 -
308 -
309 -**[[Online Base64 to Hex converter>>https://base64.guru/converter/decode/hex]]**
310 -
311 -[[image:image-20221010193621-2.png]]
312 -
313 -
314 -== 5.2  Chirpstack Downlink Note ==
315 -
316 -
317 -[[image:image-20220601102543-2.png]]
318 -
319 -**Convert the data to Base64**
320 -
321 -(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
322 -
323 -
324 -[[image:image-20220531173236-10.png||height="597" width="1215"]]
325 -
326 -**Check ChripStack downlink DataRate**
327 -
328 -
329 -
330 330  [[image:image-20220525101326-11.png]]
331 331  
332 -**Make sure the RX2DR is the same in the end node**
196 +Make sure the RX2DR is the same in the end node
333 333  
334 334  
335 -== 5.3  Loraserver Downlink Note ==
199 +== 4.2 Loraserver Downlink Note ==
336 336  
337 -
338 338  User can use MQTT to send downlink payload to ChirpStack to perform downstream to LoRaWAN End
339 339  
340 340  (((
341 -**Below is examples:**
204 +Below is examples:
342 342  )))
343 343  
344 344  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -352,14 +352,13 @@
352 352  [[image:image-20220531173419-11.png]]
353 353  
354 354  (((
355 -**MQTT Connect to ChirpStack**
218 +MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
356 356  
357 -
358 358  
359 359  )))
360 360  
361 361  (((
362 -**After connect**
224 +After connect
363 363  )))
364 364  
365 365  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -379,14 +379,22 @@
379 379  
380 380  [[image:image-20220531173519-12.png]]
381 381  
382 -**MQTT Connect to ChirpStack**
244 +MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
383 383  
384 384  
385 -**If we want to send downstream hex 030101 to end node, the BASE64 payload is AwEB**
247 +(((
248 +(% style="color:red" %)Note: Chirpstack use base64 to downlink, so need to convert the downlink payload from HEX to base64 [[https:~~/~~/base64.us/>>url:https://base64.us/]]
249 +)))
386 386  
387 -[[image:image-20220531173658-14.png]]
251 +[[image:image-20220531173601-13.png]]
388 388  
253 +Choose to Use Hex for Encode
389 389  
255 +
256 +If we want send downstream hex 030101 to end node, the BASE64 payload is AwEB
257 +
258 +[[image:image-20220531173658-14.png]]
259 +
390 390  (((
391 391  Downlink payload encode javescript code: 可以在网站上运行以下Javsscript代码：
392 392  )))
... ... @@ -404,15 +404,15 @@
404 404   {
405 405   if(sha1[n] >= 'A' && sha1[n] <= 'Z')
406 406   {
407 - ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 55;
277 + ascv = sha1.charCodeAt(n) - 55;
408 408   }
409 409   else if(sha1[n] >= 'a' && sha1[n] <= 'z')
410 410   {
411 - ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 87;
281 + ascv = sha1.charCodeAt(n) - 87;
412 412   }
413 413   else
414 414   {
415 - ascv = sha1.charCodeAt( n ) - 48;
285 + ascv = sha1.charCodeAt(n) - 48;
416 416   }
417 417  \\ bit_arr = (bit_arr << 4) | ascv;
418 418   bit_num += 4;
... ... @@ -449,25 +449,23 @@
449 449  )))
450 450  
451 451  
452 -== 4.3  Add the decode function in Chirpstack for the payload ==
322 +== 4.3 Add the decode function in Chirpstack for the payload ==
453 453  
454 -
455 455  User enters the payload code according to the steps.
456 456  
457 -[[image:image-20220531173754-15.png||height="474" width="1334"]]
326 +[[image:image-20220531173754-15.png]]
458 458  
459 459  
460 460  [[image:image-20220531173856-16.png]]
461 461  
462 462  
463 -[[image:image-20220531174120-20.png]]
332 +[[image:image-20220526091602-5.png]]
464 464  
465 -[[image:image-20220531174046-19.png]]
334 +[[image:image-20220526091801-6.png]]
466 466  
467 467  
468 -= 6.  Multiply Uplink in ChirpStack =
337 += 5. Multiply Uplink in ChirpStack =
469 469  
470 -
471 471  (((
472 472  nbtrans field is the value to determine the re-transmission time for unconfirmed uplink data.
473 473  )))
... ... @@ -474,17 +474,12 @@
474 474  
475 475  (((
476 476  ChirpStack will auto adjust nbtrans according to uplink rssi. [[link to source>>url:https://github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/blob/master/internal/adr/adr.go]]
477 -
478 -
479 479  )))
480 480  
481 -[[image:image-20220526091912-7.png||height="241" width="1336"]]
347 +[[image:image-20220526091912-7.png]]
482 482  
483 -
484 484  (((
485 485  nbtrans is a field of ADR message, in unconfirm mode, it tells end node how many time it needs to transmit for every frame.
486 -
487 -
488 488  )))
489 489  
490 490  [[image:image-20220525104359-21.png]]
... ... @@ -491,8 +491,6 @@
491 491  
492 492  (((
493 493  Above behaviour will cause the platform shows below two cases of error:
494 -
495 -
496 496  )))
497 497  
498 498  (((
... ... @@ -502,35 +502,29 @@
502 502  [[image:image-20220525104437-22.png]]
503 503  
504 504  
366 +Duplicate transmission in short time
505 505  
506 -**Duplicate transmission in short time**
368 +[[image:image-20220525104502-23.png]]
507 507  
508 -[[image:image-20220601102430-1.png||height="598" width="1319"]]
509 509  
371 +== 5.1 Solution ==
510 510  
511 -== 6.1  Solution ==
512 -
513 -
514 514  This example uses the Windows version as a template, other versions can refer to this. Similiar reference: [[https:~~/~~/confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102>>url:https://confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102]]
515 515  
516 -
517 517  (((
518 -(% style="color:blue" %)**1.  Install the GO compilation environment: Download the corresponding version of the Go compiler at [[https:~~/~~/go.dev/dl/>>url:https://go.dev/dl/]] and install it.**
519 -
520 -
376 +~1. Install the GO compilation environment: Download the corresponding version of the Go compiler at [[https:~~/~~/go.dev/dl/>>url:https://go.dev/dl/]] and install it.
521 521  )))
522 522  
523 523  [[image:image-20220525104532-24.png]]
524 524  
525 525  
526 -**installation path:**
382 +installation path:
527 527  
528 528  [[image:image-20220525104554-25.png]]
529 529  
530 530  
531 -
532 532  (((
533 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2.  Environment variable settings:**
388 +2. Environment variable settings:.
534 534  )))
535 535  
536 536  (((
... ... @@ -538,25 +538,23 @@
538 538  )))
539 539  
540 540  (((
541 -2) Set the variable name GOROOT and the variable value C:\Go\ (installation directory)
396 +2)Set the variable name GOROOT and the variable value C:\Go\ (installation directory)
542 542  )))
543 543  
544 544  [[image:image-20220524165433-33.png]]
545 545  
546 546  
547 -3) Modify the system variable Path and add C:\Go\bin\:
402 +3)Modify the system variable Path and add C:\Go\bin\:
548 548  
549 549  [[image:image-20220524165452-34.png]]
550 550  
551 -
552 552  User variable setting file generation directory: D:\go:
553 553  
554 554  [[image:image-20220524165517-35.png]]
555 555  
556 556  
411 +3. Modify the ADR configuration file according to your own needs, adr.setting.go is an example of the ADR configuration file.
557 557  
558 -(% style="color:blue" %)**3.  Modify the ADR configuration file according to your own needs, adr.setting.go is an example of the ADR configuration file.**
559 -
560 560  The name of the plugin: Example ADR plugin:
561 561  
562 562  [[image:image-20220524165540-36.png]]
... ... @@ -566,9 +566,8 @@
566 566  [[image:image-20220524165557-37.png]]
567 567  
568 568  
422 +4. Compile the ADR configuration file and generate the exe file.
569 569  
570 -(% style="color:blue" %)**4.  Compile the ADR configuration file and generate the exe file.**
571 -
572 572  1) Create a folder named adr-setting
573 573  
574 574  2) Open the adr-setting folder
... ... @@ -592,9 +592,8 @@
592 592  [[image:image-20220524165623-38.png]]
593 593  
594 594  
447 +5. Add the plugin and run the plugin.
595 595  
596 -(% style="color:blue" %)**5.  Add the plugin and run the plugin.**
597 -
598 598  (((
599 599  The exe file generated in the previous step is placed in the same root directory as chirpstack-network-server.toml, and the ADR plugin is added to the toml file. The location of the addition is as follows:
600 600  )))
... ... @@ -630,68 +630,14 @@
630 630  Finish.
631 631  
632 632  
633 -= 7.  How to store/get all data traffic for a specific sensor, including raw payload, and uplink/ downlink history. =
484 += 6. Trouble Shooting =
634 634  
486 +== 6.1 MIC Mismatch or MIC Failed ==
635 635  
636 -All data is published to the MQTT topics. if you want to store/get the data, you would have to create an MQTT handler and store the data yourself.
637 -
638 -This example will be shown how to store/get all the data in two ways:
639 -
640 -**//1). Chirpstack ~-~-> Node-red//**
641 -
642 -
643 -[[image:image-20221012184501-1.png]]
644 -
645 -
646 -Use MQTT in Nore-red to subscribe to topics published by the chirpstack-application and then continuously write to a file
647 -
648 -[[image:image-20221012174220-2.png]]
649 -
650 -
651 -[[image:image-20221012184655-3.png||height="395" width="1049"]]
652 -
653 -
654 -**Each message is continuously logged to a specified file**
655 -
656 -[[image:image-20221012174352-3.png]]
657 -
658 -
659 -**//2). MQTT  Sub//**
660 -
661 -If you don't want to store the information via node-red, you can get the output via the subscribe command.
662 -
663 -
664 -**If connecting from the same machine, you can use the following command to receive data:**
665 -
666 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
667 667  (((
668 -mosquitto_sub -h localhost -t "application/#" -v
669 -)))
670 -
671 -
672 -**Different host**
673 -
674 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
675 -(((
676 -mosquitto_sub -h IPADDRESS -p 8883 ~-~-insecure ~-~-cafile ca.pem ~-~-cert cert.pem ~-~-key key.pem -t "application/#" -v
677 -)))
678 -
679 -[[image:image-20221012173639-1.png]]
680 -
681 -
682 -= 8.  Trouble Shooting =
683 -
684 -== 8.1  MIC Mismatch or MIC Failed ==
685 -
686 -
687 -(((
688 688  When the device is registered or the device is working normally, the problem of MIC mismatch and MIC failed occurs.
689 689  )))
690 690  
691 691  (((
692 692  Under normal circumstances, users need to change the APPKEY to solve this problem.
693 -
694 -
695 -
696 -
697 697  )))
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