Changes for page Notes for ChirpStack

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/01/30 09:53
<
From version < 1.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/16 11:21
To version < 62.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/25 10:12
>
Change comment: Uploaded new attachment "image-20220525101223-9.png", version {1}

Summary

Details

Page properties
Content
... ... @@ -1,29 +1,34 @@
1 -**Contents:**
1 +**~ Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  = 1. Introduction =
6 6  
7 -The ChirpStack open-source LoRaWAN Network Server stack provides open-source components for LoRaWAN networks And the Chirpstack supports the users in building a private LoRaWAN Server. For more info please refer to this [[link>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]]
7 +(% style="color:black" %)The ChirpStack open-source LoRaWAN Network Server stack provides open-source components for LoRaWAN networks And the Chirpstack supports the users in building a private LoRaWAN Server. For more info please refer to this [[link>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]]
8 8  
9 -The dragino gateway can connect the ChirpStack server via Semtech UDP or Semtech Basic Station.
9 +(((
10 +(% style="color:black" %)The dragino gateway can connect the ChirpStack server via Semtech UDP or Semtech Basic Station.
11 +)))
10 10  
11 11  **Prerequisite**
12 12  
13 13  1) Have a Chirstack Server.
14 14  
15 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/f4/ChirpStack_home_page.png/600px-ChirpStack_home_page.png||height="320" width="600"]]
17 +[[image:image-20220525100058-1.png]]
16 16  
17 17  ChirpStack home page
18 18  
21 +
19 19  2) Gateway model support
20 20  
21 21  (% class="box" %)
22 22  (((
26 +(((
23 23  Semtech UDP : **All Model**
24 24  Basic Station : , , 
25 25  **Note** : the firmware needs >  if use the Bais station
26 26  )))
31 +)))
27 27  
28 28  = 2. Semtech UDP =
29 29  
... ... @@ -39,25 +39,25 @@
39 39  
40 40  If the user cannot add network-Servers, re-check the ChirpStack code or the server building process.
41 41  
42 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/6/6b/Add_the_Network-servers.png/600px-Add_the_Network-servers.png||height="363" width="600"]]
47 +[[image:image-20220525100158-2.png]]
43 43  
44 44  Add the Network-servers
45 45  
46 46  == 2.2 Step 2. Create Gateway-profiles ==
47 47  
48 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/a/a9/Create_Gateway-profiles.png/600px-Create_Gateway-profiles.png||height="363" width="600"]]
53 +[[image:image-20220525100255-3.png]]
49 49  
50 50  Create Gateway-profiles
51 51  
52 52  == 2.3 Step 3. Create Service-profiles ==
53 53  
54 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/1f/Create_Service-profiles.png/600px-Create_Service-profiles.png||height="363" width="600"]]
59 +[[image:image-20220525100322-4.png]]
55 55  
56 56  Create Service-profiles
57 57  
58 58  In Step 3. Create Service-profiles, the above parameters can be set. If necessary, you can set them by yourself. This is only an example.
59 59  
60 -Note : Before add the gateway, the user needs to complete the preceding three steps.
65 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note : Before add the gateway, the user needs to complete the preceding three steps.**
61 61  
62 62  If the user has completed the preceding steps, proceed to the next step.
63 63  
... ... @@ -65,41 +65,106 @@
65 65  
66 66  The example gateway id is: a840411e96744150
67 67  
68 -Note : The Gateway EUI and server addresses must match the ChirpStack configuration.
73 +(((
74 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note : The Gateway EUI and server addresses must match the ChirpStack configuration.**
75 +)))
69 69  
70 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/Add_the_gateway.png/600px-Add_the_gateway.png||height="363" width="600"]]
77 +[[image:image-20220525100350-5.png]]
71 71  
72 72  Add the gateway
73 73  
74 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/14/ChirpStack_Configure_the_gateway.png/600px-ChirpStack_Configure_the_gateway.png||height="304" width="600"]]
81 +[[image:image-20220525100417-6.png]]
75 75  
76 76  Configure the gateway
77 77  
78 78  == 2.5 Step 5. Checking gateway Status ==
79 79  
80 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/2c/Gateway_Status_cao_1.png/600px-Gateway_Status_cao_1.png||height="363" width="600"]]
87 +[[image:image-20220525100448-7.png]]
81 81  
82 82  gateway Status
83 83  
84 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/11/Gateway_Status_cao_2.png/600px-Gateway_Status_cao_2.png||height="363" width="600"]]
91 +[[image:image-20220525100516-8.png]]
85 85  
86 86  gateway Status
87 87  
88 -= 3. Semtech Basic Station =
95 += 3. Gateway Registration for Basics Station =
89 89  
97 +== Introduction ==
98 +
99 +The [[Semtech Basic Station>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/]] backend implements the [[LNS protocol>>url:https://doc.sm.tc/station/tcproto.html]]. It exposes a WebSocket handler to which Basic Station powered gateways can connect.
100 +
101 +ChirpStack Open-Source LoRaWAN® Network Server needs to set up a configuration that can use Semtech BasicStation.
102 +
103 +**Below list the support products and Requirements:**
104 +
105 +1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]]
106 +1. Firmware version since :[[lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1651822913>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Test_Firmware/lgw--build-v5.4.1651822913-20220506-1543/]]
107 +
108 +**How to set up chirpStack Basic Station**
109 +
110 +Users can check out the ChirpStack Basic Station [[link>>https://www.chirpstack.io/gateway-bridge/backends/basic-station/]] and [[forum>>https://forum.chirpstack.io/search?q=basic%20station]]
111 +
112 +**What do you need to prepare**
113 +
114 +A gateway that can access the internet normally
115 +
116 +== 3.1 Add Gateway ==
117 +
118 +[[image:image-20220524164205-10.png]]
119 +
120 +== 3.2 Access the gateway GUI ==
121 +
122 +Access the gateway GUI interface of LoRaWAN~-~->LoRaWAN ~-~- Basic Station
123 +
124 +[[image:image-20220524164319-11.png]]
125 +
126 +User need to Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station , input Server URI and Upload the TLS Certificate
127 +
128 +(% class="box" %)
129 +(((
130 +Service Provider  ~-~->  Choose the ChirpStack/Senet ~-~- Basic Station
131 +
132 +LNS URI  ~-~->  Enter the LNS URI address, For example : wss:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:433 or ws:~/~/xxxx.chirpstack.com:3001
133 +
134 +LNS TLS trust  ~-~->  Upload the TLS Certificate
135 +)))
136 +
137 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
138 +[[image:image-20220524164341-12.png]]
139 +
140 +== 3.3 Start Station ==
141 +
142 +When the user has finished the configuration, Please click Sace&Apply to start station to connect ChirpStack
143 +
144 +== 3.4 Successful Connection ==
145 +
146 +If user completes the above steps, which will see live date in the ChirpStack.
147 +
148 +[[image:image-20220524164448-13.png]]
149 +
150 +== 3.5 Trouble Shooting ==
151 +
152 +User can check the station log in the logread/system log page.
153 +
154 +[[image:image-20220524164514-14.png]]
155 +
156 +and recode the station log in the system/Recode log page.
157 +
158 +[[image:image-20220524164541-15.png]]
159 +
90 90  = 4. Downlink =
91 91  
92 92  == 4.1 Chirpstack Downlink Note ==
93 93  
94 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/ba/ChirpStack_Down_5.png/600px-ChirpStack_Down_5.png||height="293" width="600"]]
164 +[[image:image-20220524164613-16.png]]
95 95  
96 96  Convert the data to Base64
97 97  
98 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/2c/ChirpStack_Down_6.png/600px-ChirpStack_Down_6.png||height="300" width="600"]]
168 +[[image:image-20220524164632-17.png]]
99 99  
100 100  Check ChripStack downlink DataRate
101 101  
102 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/dc/ChirpStack_Down_7.png/600px-ChirpStack_Down_7.png||height="711" width="600"]]
172 +[[image:image-20220524164724-18.png]]
103 103  
104 104  Make sure the RX2DR is the same in the end node
105 105  
... ... @@ -107,48 +107,66 @@
107 107  
108 108  User can use MQTT to send downlink payload to ChirpStack to perform downstream to LoRaWAN End
109 109  
180 +(((
110 110  Below is examples:
182 +)))
111 111  
112 -{{{Connect to your server via MQTT：
113 -MQTT Client ID: Any
114 -Protocol：mqtt/tcp Server IP：loraserver_ip:1883
184 +(% class="box" %)
185 +(((
186 +Connect to your server via MQTT：
187 +MQTT Client ID: Any   
188 +Protocol：mqtt/tcp   Server IP：loraserver_ip:1883
115 115  User name: User name Password: password
116 -}}}
190 +)))
117 117  
118 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/0/06/ChirpStack_Down_1.png/600px-ChirpStack_Down_1.png||height="578" width="600"]]
192 +[[image:image-20220524164806-19.png]]
119 119  
194 +(((
120 120  MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
196 +)))
121 121  
198 +(((
122 122  After connect
200 +)))
123 123  
124 -{{{Subscribe : Format：application/ID/device/ Device EUI/rx
202 +(% class="box" %)
203 +(((
204 +Subscribe : Format：application/ID/device/ Device EUI/rx
125 125  Example: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/rx
206 +)))
126 126  
127 -Publish:
208 +(% class="box" %)
209 +(((
210 +Publish:
128 128  Format: Top: application/ID/device/ Device EUI/tx
129 129  Payload: {"confirmed":true or false,"fPort":XX,"data":"xxxx"}
130 130  Example: Top: application/7/device/00aedb3da649cb23/tx
131 131  Payload: {"confirmed":true,"fPort":2,"data":"AwEB"}
132 -}}}
215 +)))
133 133  
134 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c8/ChirpStack_Down_2.png/600px-ChirpStack_Down_2.png||height="342" width="600"]]
217 +[[image:image-20220524164829-20.png]]
135 135  
136 136  MQTT Connect to ChirpStack
137 137  
221 +(((
222 +(% style="color:red" %)Note: Chirpstack use base64 to downlink, so need to convert the downlink payload from HEX to base64 [[https:~~/~~/base64.us/>>url:https://base64.us/]]
223 +)))
138 138  
139 -Note: Chirpstack use base64 to downlink, so need to convert the downlink payload from HEX to base64 [[https:~~/~~/base64.us/>>url:https://base64.us/]]
225 +[[image:image-20220524164849-21.png]]
140 140  
141 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/f8/ChirpStack_Down_3.png/600px-ChirpStack_Down_3.png||height="309" width="600"]]
142 -
143 143  Choose to Use Hex for Encode
144 144  
145 145  If we want send downstream hex 030101 to end node, the BASE64 payload is AwEB
146 146  
147 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d2/ChirpStack_Down_4.png/600px-ChirpStack_Down_4.png||alt="ChirpStack Down 4.png" height="344" width="600"]]
231 +[[image:image-20220524164907-22.png]]
148 148  
233 +(((
149 149  Downlink payload encode javescript code: 可以在网站上运行以下Javsscript代码：
235 +)))
150 150  
151 -{{{function sha1_to_base64(sha1)
237 +(% class="box" %)
238 +(((
239 +function sha1_to_base64(sha1)
152 152  {
153 153   var digits="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
154 154   var base64_rep = "";
... ... @@ -155,8 +155,7 @@
155 155   var cnt = 0;
156 156   var bit_arr = 0;
157 157   var bit_num = 0;
158 - 
159 - for(var n = 0; n < sha1.length; ++n)
246 +\\ for(var n = 0; n < sha1.length; ++n)
160 160   {
161 161   if(sha1[n] >= 'A' && sha1[n] <= 'Z')
162 162   {
... ... @@ -170,26 +170,22 @@
170 170   {
171 171   ascv = sha1.charCodeAt(n) - 48;
172 172   }
173 - 
174 - bit_arr = (bit_arr << 4) | ascv;
260 +\\ bit_arr = (bit_arr << 4) | ascv;
175 175   bit_num += 4;
176 176   if(bit_num >= 6)
177 177   {
178 - bit_num -= 6;
264 + bit_num -= 6;        
179 179   base64_rep += digits[bit_arr >>> bit_num];
180 - bit_arr &= ~(-1 << bit_num);
266 + bit_arr &= ~~(-1 << bit_num);
181 181   }
182 182   }
183 - 
184 - if(bit_num > 0)
269 +\\ if(bit_num > 0)
185 185   {
186 186   bit_arr <<= 6 - bit_num;
187 187   base64_rep += digits[bit_arr];
188 188   }
189 - 
190 - var padding = base64_rep.length % 4;
191 - 
192 - if(padding > 0)
274 +\\ var padding = base64_rep.length % 4;   
275 +\\ if(padding > 0)
193 193   {
194 194   for(var n = 0; n < 4 - padding; ++n)
195 195   {
... ... @@ -198,91 +198,105 @@
198 198   }
199 199   return base64_rep;
200 200  }
201 - 
202 -console.log(sha1_to_base64("data"));
203 - 
204 -data is downlink payload required by end node.
205 - e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030101"));
206 - ​result: AwEB
284 +\\console.log(sha1_to_base64("data"));
285 +\\data is downlink payload required by end node.
286 +e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030101"));
287 + ​result: AwEB     
207 207   AwEB is the 0x030101's base 64 Encode.
208 - 
209 - ​e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030000"));
210 - ​result: AwAA
211 - AwAA is 0x030000's base 64 Encode.}}}
289 +\\​e.g console.log(sha1_to_base64("030000"));
290 + ​result: AwAA     
291 + AwAA is 0x030000's base 64 Encode.
292 +)))
212 212  
213 213  == 4.3 Add the decode function in Chirpstack for the payload ==
214 214  
215 215  User enters the payload code according to the steps.
216 216  
217 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/9/9f/Step2.png/600px-Step2.png||alt="Step2.png" height="224" width="600"]]
298 +[[image:image-20220524165001-23.png]]
218 218  
219 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/0/08/Step3.png/600px-Step3.png||alt="Step3.png" height="289" width="600"]]
300 +[[image:image-20220524165028-24.png]]
220 220  
221 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/8/83/Step6.png/600px-Step6.png||alt="Step6.png" height="259" width="600"]]
302 +[[image:image-20220524165100-25.png]]
222 222  
223 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4f/Step5.png/600px-Step5.png||alt="Step5.png" height="221" width="600"]]
304 +[[image:image-20220524165116-26.png]]
224 224  
225 225  = 5. Multiply Uplink in ChirpStack =
226 226  
308 +(((
227 227  nbtrans field is the value to determine the re-transmission time for unconfirmed uplink data.
310 +)))
228 228  
229 -
312 +(((
230 230  ChirpStack will auto adjust nbtrans according to uplink rssi. [[link to source>>url:https://github.com/brocaar/chirpstack-network-server/blob/master/internal/adr/adr.go]]
314 +)))
231 231  
232 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/6/63/Nbtrans_1.png/600px-Nbtrans_1.png||alt="Nbtrans 1.png" height="103" width="600"]]
316 +[[image:image-20220524165141-27.png]]
233 233  
318 +(((
234 234  nbtrans is a field of ADR message, in unconfirm mode, it tells end node how many time it needs to transmit for every frame.
320 +)))
235 235  
236 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/17/Nbtrans_2.png/300px-Nbtrans_2.png||alt="Nbtrans 2.png" height="462" width="300"]]
322 +[[image:image-20220524165158-28.png]]
237 237  
238 -
324 +(((
239 239  Above behaviour will cause the platform shows below two cases of error:
326 +)))
240 240  
328 +(((
241 241  Error of duplicate Frame Counter
330 +)))
242 242  
243 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/7/7e/Nbtrans_3.png||alt="Nbtrans 3.png" height="677" width="600"]]
332 +[[image:image-20220524165301-29.png]]
244 244  
245 245  Duplicate transmission in short time
246 246  
247 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c4/Nbtrans_4.png/600px-Nbtrans_4.png||alt="Nbtrans 4.png" height="301" width="600"]]
336 +[[image:image-20220524165319-30.png]]
248 248  
249 249  == 5.1 Solution ==
250 250  
251 251  This example uses the Windows version as a template, other versions can refer to this. Similiar reference: [[https:~~/~~/confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102>>url:https://confluence.alitecs.de/plugins/servlet/mobile?contentId=79790102#content/view/79790102]]
252 252  
342 +(((
253 253  ~1. Install the GO compilation environment: Download the corresponding version of the Go compiler at [[https:~~/~~/go.dev/dl/>>url:https://go.dev/dl/]] and install it.
344 +)))
254 254  
255 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/3/37/Chirpstacksolution-1.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-1.png" height="199" width="554"]]
346 +[[image:image-20220524165339-31.png]]
256 256  
257 257  installation path:
258 258  
259 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/c/ca/Chirpstacksolution-2.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-2.png" height="283" width="361"]]
350 +[[image:image-20220524165400-32.png]]
260 260  
352 +(((
261 261  2. Environment variable settings:.
354 +)))
262 262  
356 +(((
263 263  1) Open Computer -> Properties -> Advanced System Settings -> Environment Variables and add a "new" system variable:
358 +)))
264 264  
360 +(((
265 265  2)Set the variable name GOROOT and the variable value C:\Go\ (installation directory)
362 +)))
266 266  
267 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/f/f9/Chirpstacksolution-3.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-3.png" height="152" width="554"]]
364 +[[image:image-20220524165433-33.png]]
268 268  
269 269  3)Modify the system variable Path and add C:\Go\bin\:
270 270  
271 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/1/1b/Chirpstacksolution-4.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-4.png" height="152" width="554"]]
368 +[[image:image-20220524165452-34.png]]
272 272  
273 273  User variable setting file generation directory: D:\go:
274 274  
275 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/9/9b/Chirpstacksolution-5.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-5.png" height="278" width="371"]]
372 +[[image:image-20220524165517-35.png]]
276 276  
277 277  3. Modify the ADR configuration file according to your own needs, adr.setting.go is an example of the ADR configuration file.
278 278  
279 279  The name of the plugin: Example ADR plugin:
280 280  
281 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/1/12/Chirpstacksolution-6.jpg||alt="Chirpstacksolution-6.jpg" height="89" width="554"]]
378 +[[image:image-20220524165540-36.png]]
282 282  
283 283  Set Nbtrans: Nbtrans=1 (Nbtrans is the number of retransmissions, if it is 1, no retransmission, it is recommended to be 1). To enable it, you need to uncomment.
284 284  
285 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/2/25/Chirpstacksolution-7.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-7.png" height="98" width="426"]]
382 +[[image:image-20220524165557-37.png]]
286 286  
287 287  4. Compile the ADR configuration file and generate the exe file.
288 288  
... ... @@ -306,23 +306,41 @@
306 306  
307 307  5) Finally generate this file：
308 308  
309 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/6/66/Chirpstacksolution-8.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-8.png" height="96" width="554"]]
406 +[[image:image-20220524165623-38.png]]
310 310  
311 311  5. Add the plugin and run the plugin.
312 312  
410 +(((
313 313  The exe file generated in the previous step is placed in the same root directory as chirpstack-network-server.toml, and the ADR plugin is added to the toml file. The location of the addition is as follows:
412 +)))
314 314  
315 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/8/82/Chirpstacksolution-9.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-9.png" height="73" width="554"]]
414 +[[image:image-20220524165641-39.png]]
316 316  
416 +(((
417 +(((
317 317  For example: adr_plugins=[“adr-setting”]
419 +)))
420 +)))
318 318  
319 -* Adding a single plugin format is adr_plugins=["filename"]
422 +* (((
423 +(((
424 +Adding a single plugin format is adr_plugins=["filename"]
425 +)))
426 +)))
320 320  
321 -* Adding multiple plugins The format is adr_plugins=["file name 1", "file name 2",...]
428 +* (((
429 +(((
430 +Adding multiple plugins The format is adr_plugins=["file name 1", "file name 2",...]
431 +)))
432 +)))
322 322  
434 +(((
435 +(((
323 323  Finally, re-run chirpstack-network-server.exe, and then select the plugin you just compiled in Device-profiles,
437 +)))
438 +)))
324 324  
325 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/3/39/Chirpstacksolution-10.png||alt="Chirpstacksolution-10.png" height="275" width="554"]]
440 +[[image:image-20220524165659-40.png]]
326 326  
327 327  Finish.
328 328  
... ... @@ -330,6 +330,10 @@
330 330  
331 331  == 6.1 MIC Mismatch or MIC Failed ==
332 332  
448 +(((
333 333  When the device is registered or the device is working normally, the problem of MIC mismatch and MIC failed occurs.
450 +)))
334 334  
452 +(((
335 335  Under normal circumstances, users need to change the APPKEY to solve this problem.
454 +)))
image-20220519150940-1.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +644.9 KB
Content
image-20220519151038-2.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +680.5 KB
Content
image-20220519151228-3.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +788.0 KB
Content
image-20220519151612-4.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +45.2 KB
Content
image-20220519152235-5.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +679.8 KB
Content
image-20220519153027-6.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +72.6 KB
Content
image-20220519154215-7.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Kilight
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +239.6 KB
Content
image-20220524163736-2.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +63.0 KB
Content
image-20220524163926-3.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +44.8 KB
Content
image-20220524163952-4.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +52.2 KB
Content
image-20220524164008-5.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +78.2 KB
Content
image-20220524164029-6.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +66.4 KB
Content
image-20220524164048-7.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +77.1 KB
Content
image-20220524164104-8.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +66.3 KB
Content
image-20220524164129-9.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +107.1 KB
Content
image-20220524164205-10.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +144.4 KB
Content
image-20220524164319-11.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +38.1 KB
Content
image-20220524164341-12.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +61.6 KB
Content
image-20220524164448-13.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +88.0 KB
Content
image-20220524164514-14.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +130.2 KB
Content
image-20220524164541-15.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +25.0 KB
Content
image-20220524164613-16.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +32.9 KB
Content
image-20220524164632-17.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +74.1 KB
Content
image-20220524164724-18.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +147.6 KB
Content
image-20220524164806-19.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +87.7 KB
Content
image-20220524164829-20.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +42.4 KB
Content
image-20220524164849-21.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +108.8 KB
Content
image-20220524164907-22.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +51.3 KB
Content
image-20220524165001-23.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +17.6 KB
Content
image-20220524165028-24.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +30.1 KB
Content
image-20220524165100-25.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +57.0 KB
Content
image-20220524165116-26.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +29.1 KB
Content
image-20220524165141-27.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +24.2 KB
Content
image-20220524165158-28.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +96.7 KB
Content
image-20220524165301-29.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +64.0 KB
Content
image-20220524165319-30.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +39.5 KB
Content
image-20220524165339-31.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +45.8 KB
Content
image-20220524165400-32.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +24.5 KB
Content
image-20220524165433-33.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +11.7 KB
Content
image-20220524165452-34.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +19.9 KB
Content
image-20220524165517-35.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +50.0 KB
Content
image-20220524165540-36.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +56.0 KB
Content
image-20220524165557-37.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +12.1 KB
Content
image-20220524165623-38.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +25.6 KB
Content
image-20220524165641-39.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +23.6 KB
Content
image-20220524165659-40.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +23.9 KB
Content
image-20220525100058-1.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +66.6 KB
Content
image-20220525100158-2.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +52.2 KB
Content
image-20220525100255-3.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +60.1 KB
Content
image-20220525100322-4.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +91.1 KB
Content
image-20220525100350-5.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +79.8 KB
Content
image-20220525100417-6.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +86.3 KB
Content
image-20220525100448-7.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +77.4 KB
Content
image-20220525100516-8.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +126.2 KB
Content
image-20220525101223-9.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +36.4 KB
Content

Applications

Navigation

Copyright ©2010-2024 Dragino Technology Co., LTD. All rights reserved
Dragino Wiki v2.0