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Last modified by Xiaoling on 2025/05/05 08:51
From version 52.1
edited by Mengting Qiu
on 2024/01/23 18:24
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 99.1
edited by Bei Jinggeng
on 2025/04/29 12:00
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Author
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1 -XWiki.ting
1 +XWiki.Bei
Content
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4 4  
5 5  
6 6  
7 -= 1.Join process page check =
7 += 1. Join process page check =
8 8  
9 +
9 9  These pages are useful to check what is wrong on the Join process. Below shows the four steps that we can check the Join Process.
10 10  \\**If user has checked below steps and still can't solve the problem, please send us (support @ dragino.com) the sceenshots for each step to check. They include:**
11 11  
... ... @@ -25,13 +25,11 @@
25 25  
26 26  * What frequency the device is sending?
27 27  
28 -[[image:image-20240123182345-1.png||height="605" width="946"]]
29 +[[image:image-20240129142147-2.png||height="736" width="964"]]
29 29  
30 -
31 31  Console Output from End device to see the transmit frequency.
32 32  
33 33  
34 -
35 35  (% style="color:blue" %)**2. Gateway packet traffic in gateway web or ssh. we can check:**
36 36  
37 37  * If the gateway receive the Join request packet from sensor? (If this fail, check if the gateway and sensor works on the match frequency)
... ... @@ -38,12 +38,11 @@
38 38  
39 39  * If the gateway gets the Join Accept message from server and transmit it via LoRa?
40 40  
41 -[[image:image-20220526163608-2.png]]
40 +[[image:image-20240129151608-6.jpeg||height="725" width="1256"]]
42 42  
43 43  Console Output from Gateway to see packets between end node and server.
44 44  
45 45  
46 -
47 47  (% style="color:blue" %)**3. Gateway Live data in LoRaWAN Server**
48 48  
49 49  * Does the gateway real-time data contain information about Join Request? If not, check the internet connection and gateway LoRaWAN server Settings.
... ... @@ -52,22 +52,21 @@
52 52  
53 53  * If the Join Accept message are in correct frequency? If you set the server to use US915 band, and your end node and gateway is EU868, you will see the Join Accept message are in US915 band so no possible to Join success.
54 54  
55 -[[image:image-20220526163633-3.png]]
53 +[[image:image-20240129150821-5.jpeg||height="522" width="1264"]]
56 56  
57 57  The Traffic for the End node in the server, use TTN as example.
58 58  
59 59  
60 -
61 61  (% style="color:blue" %)**4. Data Page in LoRaWAN server**
62 62  
63 63  * If this data page shows the Join Request message from the end node? If not, most properly you have wrong settings in the keys. Keys in the server doesn't match the keys in End Node.
64 64  
65 -[[image:image-20240123150720-1.png||height="459" width="1182"]]
62 +[[image:image-20240129142557-3.png||height="488" width="1267"]]
66 66  
67 67  The data for the end device set in server
68 68  
69 69  
70 -[[image:image-20240123150943-2.png||height="556" width="1179"]]
67 +[[image:image-20240129142631-4.png||height="637" width="1256"]]
71 71  
72 72  Check if OTAA Keys match the keys in device.
73 73  
... ... @@ -166,9 +166,112 @@
166 166  )))
167 167  
168 168  
169 -= 4. Transmision on ABP Mode =
166 += 4. Why i see packet lost =
170 170  
168 +== **1. Signal problem** ==
171 171  
170 +
171 +1)  (% style="color:blue" %)**ADR automatic adjustment** (%%)
172 +
173 +Reason:
174 +
175 +When the signal is at a critical value, the server may configure the node to adjust to a lower power DR.
176 +At this time, the server is at risk of losing uplink.
177 +
178 +
179 +Solution:
180 +
181 +Users can manually fix the DR value.
182 +
183 +
184 +(% style="color:red" %)
185 +**Notice:**
186 +
187 +* User need to set Adaptive Data Rate(ADR)=0 first. otherwise device will respond to server's ADR command and change the DR according to server auto-adjustment.
188 +
189 +* Data Rate specifies Spreading Factor. The mapping varies in different frequency bands. User can check this link for detail. [[rp2-1.0.3-lorawan-regional-parameters.pdf>>https://lora-alliance.org/resource_hub/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters/]]
190 +
191 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+DR**
192 +
193 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:409px" %)
194 +|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:156px" %)**Command Example**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:147px" %)**Function**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**Response**
195 +|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+DR=?|(% style="width:147px" %)Get the Data Rate.|(% style="width:100px" %)5(((
196 +OK
197 +)))
198 +|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+DR=2|(% style="width:147px" %)Set the Data Rate.|(% style="width:100px" %)OK(((
199 +
200 +)))
201 +
202 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x2200aaFF**
203 +
204 +If the downlink payload=220001FF, it means setting the data rate to 1, while type code is 22 00 aa FF.
205 +
206 +* **Example 1**: Downlink Payload: **220001FF**  ~/~/ Set AT+DR=1.
207 +
208 +* **Example 2**: Downlink Payload: **220000FF**  ~/~/ Set AT+DR=0.
209 +
210 +(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
211 +
212 +
213 +2)  (% style="color:blue" %)**Node antenna problem**
214 +
215 +Reason:
216 +
217 +Node antenna is loose
218 +
219 +
220 +Solution:
221 +
222 +Please check whether the antenna interface and module interface are detached
223 +
224 +[[image:image-20250429114526-1.png||height="429" width="303"]]
225 +
226 +
227 +
228 +3) (% style="color:blue" %)**Gateway antenna problem**
229 +
230 +Reason:
231 +Gateway uses antenna with wrong frequency band
232 +
233 +For example: 868-band gateway uses antenna with 915-band, which will cause the signal to be greatly reduced
234 +
235 +
236 +Solution:
237 +
238 +Please check whether the silk screen on the antenna conflicts with the frequency you set.
239 +
240 +[[image:image-20250429115124-2.png]][[image:image-20250429115159-3.png||height="550" width="224"]]
241 +
242 +
243 +4) (% style="color:blue" %)**Gateway module problem**
244 +
245 +Reason:
246 +
247 +Gateway uses module with wrong frequency band
248 +For example: 868-band gateway uses module with 915-band, which will cause the signal to be greatly reduced
249 +
250 +
251 +Solution:
252 +
253 +Please check whether the silkscreen of the module conflicts with the frequency you set.
254 +
255 +[[image:image-20250429115951-5.png||height="288" width="384"]][[image:image-20250429120030-6.png||height="284" width="378"]]
256 +
257 +
258 +== **2. Frequency point problem** ==
259 +
260 +The frequency point of the gateway or server is wrong or missing.
261 +
262 +
263 +== **3. Frequency band problem** ==
264 +
265 +When there are multiple gateways, the node cannot lock the frequency band.
266 +
267 +
268 +
269 += 5. Transmision on ABP Mode =
270 +
271 +
172 172  (((
173 173  In ABP mode, there is a Frame Counter Checks. With this check enabled, the server will only accept the frame with a higher counter. If you reboot the device in ABP mode, the device will start from count 0, so you won't be able to see the frame update in server.
174 174  )))
... ... @@ -188,15 +188,20 @@
188 188  Disable Frame Counter Check in ABP Mode
189 189  
190 190  
191 -= 5. Downstream Debug =
291 += 6. Downstream Debug =
192 192  
193 -== 5.1 How it work ==
293 +== 6.1 How it work ==
194 194  
195 195  
196 196  LoRaWAN End node will open two receive windows to receive the downstream data. If the downstream packets arrive the end node at these receive windows, the end node will be able to get this packet and process it.
197 197  
198 198  (((
199 -Depends on Class A or Class C, the receive windows will be a little difference.
299 +Depends on Class A or Class C, the receive windows will be a little difference. The main difference between Class A and Class C:
300 +
301 +* **Class A** : Suitable for Battery powered end node. Class A will save a lot of power but it can only receive downlink after each uplink
302 +* **Class C**: End node can receive downlink immediately but have higher power consumption.
303 +
304 +
200 200  )))
201 201  
202 202  [[image:image-20220531161828-1.png]]
... ... @@ -216,11 +216,9 @@
216 216  
217 217  * This packet must match the DataRate of RX1(RX1DR) or RX2 (RX2DR). (% style="color:red" %)**This is the common fail point, because different lorawan server might use different RX2DR and they don't info End Node via ADR message so cause the mismatch. If this happen, user need to change the RX2DR to the right value in end node. In OTAA, LoRaWAN Server will send the RX2DR setting in Join Accept message so the end node will auto adjust. but ABP uplink doesn't support this auto change.**
218 218  
219 -== ==
324 +== 6.2 See Debug Info ==
220 220  
221 -== 5.2 See Debug Info ==
222 222  
223 -
224 224  (((
225 225  (% style="color:blue" %)**For LoRaWAN Server**
226 226  )))
... ... @@ -231,23 +231,26 @@
231 231  
232 232  (((
233 233  Configure a downlink to the end device
337 +
338 +[[image:image-20240129152412-8.png||height="486" width="1206"]]
234 234  )))
235 235  
236 -[[image:image-20240123163307-7.png||height="330" width="1125"]]
237 237  
238 238  (((
239 239  Set a downstream in TTN and see it is sent
240 240  )))
241 241  
346 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the downlink command is successfully sent from the platform to the node, the downlink command is executed only after the platform receives the next uplink package from the node.**
242 242  
348 +
243 243  (((
244 -This downstream info will then pass to the gateway downstream list. and include the DR which is used (SF9BW125) in EU868 is DR3
350 +This downlink info will then pass to the gateway downlink list. and the DR which is used (SF7BW500) in US915 is DR5.
245 245  )))
246 246  
247 -[[image:image-20220526164650-13.png]]
353 +[[image:image-20240129152049-7.png||height="463" width="1166"]]
248 248  
249 249  (((
250 -Gateway Traffic can see this downstream info
356 +Gateway Traffic can see this downlink info
251 251  )))
252 252  
253 253  
... ... @@ -257,10 +257,10 @@
257 257  )))
258 258  
259 259  (((
260 -When the downstream packet appear on the traffic of Gateway page. The LoRaWAN gateway can get it from LoRaWAN server and transmit it. In Dragion Gateway, this can be checked by runinng "logread -f" in the SSH console. and see below:
366 +When the downlink packet appear on the traffic of Gateway page. The LoRaWAN gateway can get it from LoRaWAN server and transmit it. In Dragino Gateway, this can be checked by running "logread -f" in the SSH console. and see below:
261 261  )))
262 262  
263 -[[image:image-20220526164734-14.png]]
369 +[[image:image-20240129154321-9.png]]
264 264  
265 265  (((
266 266  Gateway Sent out this packet
... ... @@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
320 320   1:0012345678}}}
321 321  
322 322  
323 -== 5.3 If problem doesn't solve ==
429 +== 6.3 If problem doesn't solve ==
324 324  
325 325  
326 326  (% style="color:red" %)**If user has checked below steps and still can't solve the problem, please send us (support @ dragino.com) the sceenshots for each step to check. They include:**
... ... @@ -333,11 +333,11 @@
333 333  
334 334  * End Node traffic (from server UI) to shows end node activity in server.
335 335  
336 -= 6. Downlink Issue ~-~- Packet REJECTED, unsupported frequency =
442 += 7. Downlink Issue ~-~- Packet REJECTED, unsupported frequency =
337 337  
338 338  
339 339  (((
340 -In LoRaWAN, the gatewat will use the frequency specify by the server to transmit a packet as downlink purpose. Each Frequency band has different downlink frequency. and the gateway has a frequency range limited to transmit downlink.
446 +In LoRaWAN, the gateway will use the frequency specify by the server to transmit a packet as downlink purpose. Each Frequency band has different downlink frequency. and the gateway has a frequency range limited to transmit downlink.
341 341  )))
342 342  
343 343  (((
... ... @@ -359,62 +359,83 @@
359 359  )))
360 360  
361 361  
362 -= 7. Decrypt a LoRaWAN Packet =
468 += 8. Decrypt a LoRaWAN Packet =
363 363  
364 364  
365 -(% style="color:blue" %)**1. LHT65 End device configure:**
471 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. LHT65N End device configure:**
366 366  
367 367  **Change to ABP Mode:  AT+NJM=0**
368 368  
369 -**Change to fix frequency:  AT+CHS=904900000**
475 +**Change to fix frequency:  ​​​​AT+CHE=1**
370 370  
371 -**Change to fix DR:  AT+DR=0**
372 372  
478 +**AT+CFG(Print configuration):**
373 373  
374 -[[image:image-20220526165525-16.png]]
480 +[[image:image-20240129170603-7.png||height="697" width="545"]][[image:image-20240129163741-3.png||height="694" width="565"]]
375 375  
376 376  
377 377  
378 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2. In LG02 , configure to receive above message**
484 +**Configuration: **
379 379  
380 -[[image:image-20220526165612-17.png]]
486 +[[image:image-20240129164219-4.png||height="612" width="440"]]
381 381  
382 382  
383 -In LG02 console, we can see the hex receive are:
384 384  
385 -[[image:image-20220526171112-21.png]]
490 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. In LPS8-v2, configure to receive above message**
386 386  
492 +[[image:image-20240129164326-5.png||height="506" width="1114"]]
387 387  
388 388  
389 -(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Decode the info in web**
495 +In LPS8-v2 console, we can see the Base64 receive are:
390 390  
391 -[[https:~~/~~/lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh>>url:https://lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh/]]
497 +[[image:image-20240129170137-6.png||height="459" width="1116"]]
392 392  
393 -Need these three fields:
394 394  
395 -LoRa packet hex format: 40c1190126800100024926272bf18bbb6341584e27e23245 (from LG02)
396 396  
397 -AT+NWKSKEY=00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 11 (End node Network Session Key)
501 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Decode the info in CMD(Command prompt window)**
398 398  
399 -AT+APPSKEY=00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 11 (End Node App Session Key)
503 +LoRa packet Base64 format:  QP~/~/~/~/+AFQACZv8Hjmc8gFTAkhMzU+75 **(from LPS8-v2)**
400 400  
505 +Then the instructions and format parsed in SecureCRT are:  ./node_modules/.bin/lora-packet-decode ~-~-base64 QP~/~/~/~/+AFQACZv8Hjmc8gFTAkhMzU+75
401 401  
402 -[[https:~~/~~/lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh/?data=40c1190126800100024926272bf18bbb6341584e27e23245&nwkskey=00000000000000000000000000000111&appskey=00000000000000000000000000000111>>url:https://lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh/?data=40c1190126800100024926272bf18bbb6341584e27e23245&nwkskey=00000000000000000000000000000111&appskey=00000000000000000000000000000111]]
403 403  
404 -[[image:image-20220526171029-20.png]]
508 +**Step1: Open CMD, Enter the gateway IP and port.(ssh root@gateway IP -p 22)**
405 405  
406 -(((
407 - The FRMPayload is the device payload.
408 -)))
510 +[[image:image-20240129190752-17.png||height="338" width="901"]]
409 409  
512 +[[image:image-20240129191937-21.png||height="450" width="901"]]
410 410  
411 -= 8. Why I see uplink 0x00 periodically on the LHT65 v1.8 firmware =
412 412  
515 +**Step2: Enter the command to download the LoRa parsing package.(npm install lora-packet)**
413 413  
517 +[[image:image-20240129192239-22.png||height="416" width="902"]]
518 +
519 +[[image:image-20240129192549-23.png||height="459" width="898"]]
520 +
521 +
522 +**Step3: Parse the gateway raw payload.(./node_modules/.bin/lora-packet-decode ~-~-base64 QP~/~/~/~/+AFQACZv8Hjmc8gFTAkhMzU+75)**
523 +
524 +
525 +
526 +
527 +[[image:image-20240129192908-24.png||height="477" width="907"]]
528 +
529 +
530 +[[image:image-20240129192954-25.png||height="485" width="916"]]
531 +
532 +
533 +
534 +
535 +
536 +
537 +
538 += 9. Why I see uplink 0x00 periodically on the LHT65 v1.8 firmware =
539 +
540 +
414 414  Since firmware v1.8, LHT65 will send MAC command to request time, in the case if DR only support max 11 bytes, this MAC command will be bundled to a separate uplink payload with 0x00.
415 415  
416 416  
417 -= 9. Why do I see a "MIC Mismatch" error message from the server? =
544 += 10. Why do I see a "MIC Mismatch" error message from the server? =
418 418  
419 419  
420 420  (((
... ... @@ -452,7 +452,7 @@
452 452  4）We have had cases where it was automatically fixed the next day despite no manual changes, probably a server side issue
453 453  
454 454  
455 -= 10. Why i got the payload only with "0x00" or "AA~=~="? =
582 += 11. Why I got the payload only with "0x00" or "AA~=~="? =
456 456  
457 457  
458 458  (% style="color:blue" %)**Why sensor sends 0x00?**
... ... @@ -486,7 +486,7 @@
486 486  Some node decoders may not have the filter function, or you need decoders of other servers and formats. Please send an email to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]]
487 487  
488 488  
489 -= 11. Why my Dev EUI and APP EUI is 0x000000000000, how to solve? =
616 += 12. Why my Dev EUI and APP EUI is 0x000000000000, how to solve? =
490 490  
491 491  
492 492  (((
... ... @@ -547,7 +547,7 @@
547 547  (Any combination of 16 bit codes can be used）
548 548  
549 549  
550 -= 12. I set my device is LoRaWAN Class C mode, why i still see Class A after boot? =
677 += 13. I set my device is LoRaWAN Class C mode, why I still see Class A after boot? =
551 551  )))
552 552  
553 553  
... ... @@ -554,7 +554,7 @@
554 554  Class C only refers to status after OTAA Join successfully. The OTAA Join Process will use Class A mode.
555 555  
556 556  
557 -= 13. Why it takes longer time for OTAA joined in US915/CN470/AU915 band? =
684 += 14. Why it takes longer time for OTAA joined in US915/CN470/AU915 band? =
558 558  
559 559  
560 560  In US915, AU915 or CN470 frequency band, there are 8 sub-bands, totally 72 channels. and LoRaWAN server normally use only one sub-band, for example Sub-band 2 in TTN. The gateway also configured to Sub-band 2 and cover eight channels in this sub-band. If the end node transfer data in Sub-band 2, it will reach to gateway and to the LoRaWAN server. If the end node transfer packets in other sub-bands, for example sub-band 1, the packet won't arrive both gateway or LoRaWAN server.
... ... @@ -578,6 +578,3 @@
578 578  
579 579  
580 580  [[image:image-20221215223215-1.png||height="584" width="1280"]]
581 -
582 -(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
583 -
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