Changes for page LoRaWAN Communication Debug

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/01/29 20:30

From version < 4.6 >

edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/11 14:52

To version < 4.2 >

edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/11 14:30

Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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@@ -104,23 +104,15 @@
  [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/3a/CN470_FRE_BAND-1.png/600px-CN470_FRE_BAND-1.png||height="205" width="600"]]
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  CN470 Channels
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  If we look at the [[TTN network server frequency plan>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]], we can see the US915 frequency band use the channel 8~~15.So the End Node must work at the same frequency in US915 8~~15 channels for TTN server.
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  [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/9/9a/US915_FRE_BAND-2.png/600px-US915_FRE_BAND-2.png||height="288" width="600"]]
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  TTN FREQUENCY PLAN
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  In dragino end node, user can use AT+CHE command to set what frequencies set the end node will use. The default settings for Dragino end node are preconfigure for TTN server, so use 8~~15 channels, which is **AT+CHE=2**. (AT+CHE=1 for first 8 channels, AT+CHE=2 for second 8 channels.. etc, and AT+CHE=0 for all 72 channels. )
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  = 3. Why i see data lost/unperiocially uplink data? Even the signal strength is good =
@@ -131,40 +131,18 @@
  * **Gateway** ~-~-> Use Sub-band2 (Channel 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) for Dragino Gateway. this is the default settings for dragino sensors.
  * **LoRaWAN server** ~-~-> ChirpStack default installation and use Sub-band1, **enabled_uplink_channels=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]** in the file chirpstack-network-server.toml.
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  When Sensor power on, it will use sub-band2 to join the network, the frequency matches the settings in gateway so all Join Request will be passed to the server for Join. Server will ask the sensor to change to Sub-band1 in the Join Accept downlink message. Sensor will change to sub-band1 for data upload. This cause the sensor and gateway have different frequencies so user see lost of most data or even no data.
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--
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--
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  Use Subband2 as a default subband cause the sensor to have problem to work with the LoRaWAN server which use other subband, and use need to access to the end node to change the subband by console. that is not user frendily,. So since Dragino LoRaWAN Stack version DLS-005(release on end of 2020), we have changed the device to use All Subbands for OTAA join, for example, device will use the first frequency in Sub-Band1 as firt OTAA join packet, then use the first frequency in Sub-Band 2 , then first frequency in sub-band 3, and so on. LoRaWAN server will normally provide the required subband in the OTAA accept process, so end node will know what subband it use after join. If LoRaWAN server doesn't provide subband info in OTAA join, end node will use the subband which join success as the working subband. So the new method cause a longer OTAA Join time but will be compatible with all LoRaWAN server. And new method won't affect the normal uplink after Join Success.
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  = 4. Transmision on ABP Mode =
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  In ABP mode, there is a Frame Counter Checks. With this check enabled, the server will only accept the frame with a higher counter. If you reboot the device in ABP mode, the device will start from count 0, so you won't be able to see the frame update in server.
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  So in ABP mode, first check if the packet already arrive your gateway, if the packet arrive gatewat but didn't arrive server. Please check if this is the issue.
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--
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  To solve this, disable the Frame Counter Check will solve this issue , or reset the frame counter in the device page.
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  [[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/19/ABP_Issue-1.jpg/600px-ABP_Issue-1.jpg~|~|height="340" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:ABP_Issue-1.jpg]]
@@ -177,9 +177,7 @@
  LoRaWAN End node will open two receive windows to receive the downstream data. If the downstream packets arrive the end node at these receive windows, the end node will be able to get this packet and process it.
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  Depends on Class A or Class C, the receive windows will be a little difference,
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  [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/1a/Downstream_LoRaWAN-1.png/600px-Downstream_LoRaWAN-1.png||height="590" width="600"]]
@@ -195,109 +195,81 @@
  == 5.2 See Debug Info ==
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  **For LoRaWAN Server**
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  We can check if there is downlink message for this end node, use TTN for example:
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  Configure a downstream to the end device
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  [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/8/82/Downstream_debug_1.png/600px-Downstream_debug_1.png||height="217" width="600"]]
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  Set a downstream in TTN and see it is sent
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  This downstream info will then pass to the gateway downstream list. and include the DR which is used (SF9BW125) in EU868 is DR3
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  [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/dc/Downstream_debug_2.png/600px-Downstream_debug_2.png||height="245" width="600"]]
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  Gateway Traffic can see this downstream info
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  **For LoRaWAN Gateway**
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  When the downstream packet appear on the traffic of Gateway page. The LoRaWAN gateway can get it from LoRaWAN server and transmit it. In Dragion Gateway, this can be checked by runinng "logread -f" in the SSH console. and see below:
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  [[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/21/Downstream_debug_3.png/600px-Downstream_debug_3.png||height="195" width="600"]]
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  Gateway Sent out this packet
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  **For End Node**
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  we can use AT Command (AT+CFG) to check the RX1 configure and RX2 configure. as below:
  (% class="box infomessage" %)
  (((
--    AT+RX2FQ=869525000 ~-~--> The RX2 Window frequency
++AT+RX2FQ=869525000 ~-~--> The RX2 Window frequency
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  (% class="box infomessage" %)
  (((
--    AT+RX2DR=3 ~-~--> The RX2 DataRate
++AT+RX2DR=3 ~-~--> The RX2 DataRate
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  (% class="box infomessage" %)
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--    AT+RX1DL=1000 ~-~--> Receive Delay 1
++AT+RX1DL=1000 ~-~--> Receive Delay 1
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  (% class="box infomessage" %)
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--    AT+RX2DL=2000 ~-~--> Receive Delay 2
++AT+RX2DL=2000 ~-~--> Receive Delay 2
  )))
--**when the device running, we can see below info:**
++when the device running, we can see below info:
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--
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++{{{[12502]***** UpLinkCounter= 0 *****
++[12503]TX on freq 868500000 Hz at DR 0
++[13992]txDone
++[15022]RX on freq 868500000 Hz at DR 0     --> RX1 window open at frequency: 868500000, DR0, after 15022-13992= 1030ms of txdone
++[15222]rxTimeOut                           --> no packet arrive in RX1 window. (duration: 200ms)
++[15987]RX on freq 869525000 Hz at DR 3     --> RX2 window open at frequency: 869525000, DR3, after 15987-13992= 1995ms of txdone
++[16027]rxTimeOut                           --> no packet arrive in RX2 window. (duration: 40 ms)
++}}}
--{{{   [12502]***** UpLinkCounter= 0 *****
--   [12503]TX on freq 868500000 Hz at DR 0
--   [13992]txDone
--   [15022]RX on freq 868500000 Hz at DR 0     --> RX1 window open at frequency: 868500000, DR0, after 15022-13992= 1030ms of txdone
--   [15222]rxTimeOut                           --> no packet arrive in RX1 window. (duration: 200ms)
--   [15987]RX on freq 869525000 Hz at DR 3     --> RX2 window open at frequency: 869525000, DR3, after 15987-13992= 1995ms of txdone
--   [16027]rxTimeOut                           --> no packet arrive in RX2 window. (duration: 40 ms)}}}
++{{{Another message:
++[12502]***** UpLinkCounter= 0 *****
++[12503]TX on freq 868100000 Hz at DR 0
++[13992]txDone
++[15022]RX on freq 868100000 Hz at DR 0
++[15222]rxTimeOut
++[15987]RX on freq 869525000 Hz at DR 3
++[16185]rxDone                              --> We have got the downstream packet.
++Rssi= -64
++Receive data
++1:0012345678
++}}}
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--
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--
--**Another message:**
--
--{{{
--   [12502]***** UpLinkCounter= 0 *****
--   [12503]TX on freq 868100000 Hz at DR 0
--   [13992]txDone
--   [15022]RX on freq 868100000 Hz at DR 0
--   [15222]rxTimeOut
--   [15987]RX on freq 869525000 Hz at DR 3
--   [16185]rxDone                              --> We have got the downstream packet.
--   Rssi= -64
--   Receive data
--   1:0012345678}}}
--
  == 5.3 If problem doesn’t solve ==
  **If user has checked below steps and still can't solve the problem, please send us (support @ dragino.com) the sceenshots for each step to check. They include:**
@@ -309,29 +309,14 @@
  = 6. Downlink Issue ~-~- Packet REJECTED, unsupported frequency =
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  In LoRaWAN, the gatewat will use the frequency specify by the server to transmit a packet as downlink purpose. Each Frequency band has different downlink frequency. and the gateway has a frequency range limited to transmit downlink.
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--
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  So if the LoRaWAN server is an AS923 server which ask the gateway to transmit at 923.2Mhz frequency, but the gateway is IN868 frequency band (support 865~~867Mhz to transmit). In the gateway log it will show something like below:
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--Sat Nov 21 08:04:17 2020 daemon.info lora_pkt_fwd[1680]: ERROR~~ Packet REJECTED, unsupported frequency - 923200000 (min:865000000,max:867000000)
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++{{{Sat Nov 21 08:04:17 2020 daemon.info lora_pkt_fwd[1680]: ERROR~ Packet REJECTED, unsupported frequency - 923200000 (min:865000000,max:867000000)
++}}}
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--
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--
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  In this case, please double check the gateway frequency and the server frequency band.
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  = 7. Decrypt a LoRaWAN Packet =

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