Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2025/01/29 20:30
<
From version < 32.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/13 14:59
To version < 37.1 >
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2022/12/15 22:33
>
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
Content
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16 16  * End Node traffic (from server UI) to shows end node activity in server. (Normaly possible)
17 17  * End Node Keys screen shot shows in end node and server. so we can check if the keys are correct. (In most case, we found keys doesn't match, especially APP EUI)
18 18  
19 -**~1. End Device Join Screen shot, we can check:**
20 20  
20 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. End Device Join Screen shot, we can check:**
21 +
21 21  * If the device is sending join request to server?
22 22  * What frequency the device is sending?
23 23  
... ... @@ -26,8 +26,9 @@
26 26  Console Output from End device to see the transmit frequency
27 27  
28 28  
29 -**2. Gateway packet traffic in gateway web or ssh. we can check:**
30 30  
31 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Gateway packet traffic in gateway web or ssh. we can check:**
32 +
31 31  * If the gateway receive the Join request packet from sensor? (If this fail, check if the gateway and sensor works on the match frequency)
32 32  * If the gateway gets the Join Accept message from server and transmit it via LoRa?
33 33  
... ... @@ -36,8 +36,9 @@
36 36  Console Output from Gateway to see packets between end node and server.
37 37  
38 38  
39 -**3. Gateway Traffic Page in LoRaWAN Server**
40 40  
42 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Gateway Traffic Page in LoRaWAN Server**
43 +
41 41  * If the Join Request packet arrive the gateway traffic in server? If not, check the internet connection and gateway LoRaWAN server settings.
42 42  * If the server send back a Join Accept for the Join Request? if not, check if the keys from the device match the keys you put in the server, or try to choose a different server route for this end device.
43 43  * If the Join Accept message are in correct frequency? If you set the server to use US915 band, and your end node and gateway is EU868, you will see the Join Accept message are in US915 band so no possible to Join success.
... ... @@ -47,8 +47,9 @@
47 47  The Traffic for the End node in the server, use TTN as example
48 48  
49 49  
50 -**4. Data Page in LoRaWAN server**
51 51  
54 +(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Data Page in LoRaWAN server**
55 +
52 52  * If this data page shows the Join Request message from the end node? If not, most properly you have wrong settings in the keys. Keys in the server doesn't match the keys in End Node.
53 53  
54 54  [[image:image-20220526163704-4.png]]
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55 55  
56 56  The data for the end device set in server
57 57  
62 +
58 58  [[image:image-20220526163732-5.png]]
59 59  
60 60  Check if OTAA Keys match the keys in device
61 61  
62 62  
68 +
63 63  = 2. Notice of US915/CN470/AU915 Frequency band =
64 64  
65 65  
... ... @@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
101 101  
102 102  US915 Channels
103 103  
110 +
104 104  [[image:image-20220526163926-7.png]]
105 105  
106 106  AU915 Channels
... ... @@ -131,6 +131,7 @@
131 131  )))
132 132  
133 133  
141 +
134 134  = 3. Why i see data lost/unperiocially uplink data? Even the signal strength is good =
135 135  
136 136  
... ... @@ -153,6 +153,7 @@
153 153  )))
154 154  
155 155  
164 +
156 156  = 4. Transmision on ABP Mode =
157 157  
158 158  
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181 181  Disable Frame Counter Check in ABP Mode
182 182  
183 183  
193 +
184 184  = 5. Downstream Debug =
185 185  
186 186  == 5.1 How it work ==
... ... @@ -239,6 +239,7 @@
239 239  )))
240 240  
241 241  
252 +
242 242  (((
243 243  (% style="color:blue" %)**For LoRaWAN Gateway**
244 244  )))
... ... @@ -254,6 +254,7 @@
254 254  )))
255 255  
256 256  
268 +
257 257  (((
258 258  (% style="color:blue" %)**For End Node**
259 259  )))
... ... @@ -263,20 +263,16 @@
263 263  )))
264 264  
265 265  (((
278 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+RX2FQ=869525000**  (%%) **~-~-->**  The RX2 Window frequency
279 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+RX2DR=3**          (%%) **~-~-->**  The RX2 DataRate
280 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+RX1DL=1000**       (%%) ** ~-~-->**  Receive Delay 1
281 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+RX2DL=2000**       (%%) **~-~--> ** Receive Delay 2
282 +
283 +
266 266  
267 267  )))
268 268  
269 269  (((
270 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
271 -(((
272 -AT+RX2FQ=869525000     ~-~--> The RX2 Window frequency
273 -AT+RX2DR=3      ~-~--> The RX2 DataRate
274 -AT+RX1DL=1000   ~-~--> Receive Delay 1
275 -AT+RX2DL=2000   ~-~--> Receive Delay 2
276 -)))
277 -)))
278 -
279 -(((
280 280  (% style="color:blue" %)**when the device running, we can see below info:**
281 281  )))
282 282  
... ... @@ -290,6 +290,8 @@
290 290  
291 291  (((
292 292  
301 +
302 +
293 293  )))
294 294  
295 295  (((
... ... @@ -308,8 +308,10 @@
308 308   1:0012345678}}}
309 309  
310 310  
311 -== 5.3 If problem doesn’t solve ==
312 312  
322 +== 5.3 If problem doesn't solve ==
323 +
324 +
313 313  (% style="color:red" %)**If user has checked below steps and still can't solve the problem, please send us (support @ dragino.com) the sceenshots for each step to check. They include:**
314 314  
315 315  * End node console to show the transmit freuqency and DR.
... ... @@ -317,8 +317,10 @@
317 317  * Gateway traffic (from server UI) to shows the data exchange between gateway and server.
318 318  * End Node traffic (from server UI) to shows end node activity in server.
319 319  
332 +
320 320  = 6. Downlink Issue ~-~- Packet REJECTED, unsupported frequency =
321 321  
335 +
322 322  (((
323 323  In LoRaWAN, the gatewat will use the frequency specify by the server to transmit a packet as downlink purpose. Each Frequency band has different downlink frequency. and the gateway has a frequency range limited to transmit downlink.
324 324  )))
... ... @@ -342,22 +342,23 @@
342 342  )))
343 343  
344 344  
359 +
345 345  = 7. Decrypt a LoRaWAN Packet =
346 346  
347 -~1. LHT65 End device configure:
348 348  
349 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
350 -(((
351 -**Change to ABP Mode: AT+NJM=0**
352 -**Change to fix frequency: AT+CHS=904900000**
353 -**Change to fix DR: AT+DR=0**
354 -)))
363 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. LHT65 End device configure:**
355 355  
365 +**Change to ABP Mode:  AT+NJM=0**
366 +**Change to fix frequency:  AT+CHS=904900000**
367 +**Change to fix DR:  AT+DR=0**
368 +
369 +
356 356  [[image:image-20220526165525-16.png]]
357 357  
358 358  
359 -2. In LG02 , configure to receive above message
360 360  
374 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. In LG02 , configure to receive above message**
375 +
361 361  [[image:image-20220526165612-17.png]]
362 362  
363 363  
... ... @@ -366,8 +366,9 @@
366 366  [[image:image-20220526171112-21.png]]
367 367  
368 368  
369 -3. Decode the info in web
370 370  
385 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Decode the info in web**
386 +
371 371  [[https:~~/~~/lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh>>url:https://lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh/]]
372 372  
373 373  Need these three fields:
... ... @@ -378,6 +378,7 @@
378 378  
379 379  AT+APPSKEY=00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 11 (End Node App Session Key)
380 380  
397 +
381 381  [[https:~~/~~/lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh/?data=40c1190126800100024926272bf18bbb6341584e27e23245&nwkskey=00000000000000000000000000000111&appskey=00000000000000000000000000000111>>url:https://lorawan-packet-decoder-0ta6puiniaut.runkit.sh/?data=40c1190126800100024926272bf18bbb6341584e27e23245&nwkskey=00000000000000000000000000000111&appskey=00000000000000000000000000000111]]
382 382  
383 383  [[image:image-20220526171029-20.png]]
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387 387  )))
388 388  
389 389  
407 +
390 390  = 8. Why i see uplink 0x00 periodcally on the LHT65 v1.8 firmware =
391 391  
410 +
392 392  Since firmware v1.8, LHT65 will send MAC command to request time, in the case if DR only support max 11 bytes, this MAC command will be bundled to a separate uplink payload with 0x00.
393 393  
394 394  
414 +
395 395  = 9. Why do I see a "MIC Mismatch" error message from the server? =
396 396  
417 +
397 397  (((
398 -1)If the user receives a "MIC Mismatch" message after registering the node on the server.
419 +1)  If the user receives a "MIC Mismatch" message after registering the node on the server.
399 399  )))
400 400  
401 401  (((
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417 417  * (((
418 418  If a node is registered with multiple servers, it may also cause the "mic mismatch" error.
419 419  
441 +
442 +
420 420  
421 421  )))
422 422  
423 423  = 10. Why i got the payload only with "0x00" or "AA~=~="? =
424 424  
425 -* If you are using US915, AU915 and AS923 frequencies.This is normal phenomenon.
426 426  
427 -(((
428 -When using the frequency mentioned above, the server sometimes adjusts the rate of the node, because the node defaults to the adaptive rate.
429 -)))
449 +**Why this happen:**
430 430  
431 -(((
432 -When the server adjusts your node rate to 0, the maximum payload length is 11 bytes. The server sometimes sends an ADR packet to the node,and the node will reply to the server after receiving the ADR packet, but the number of payload bytes exceeds the limit,so it will send a normal uplink packet, and an additional 00 data packet.
433 -)))
451 +For US915, AU915 or AS923 frequencies.It is possible because: .
434 434  
435 -* (((
436 -Solution: Use the decoder to filter out this 00 packet.
437 -)))
438 -* (((
439 -Some node decoders may not have filtering function, or you need decoders of other servers and formats. Please send an email to [[david.huang@dragino.cc>>mailto:david.huang@dragino.cc]]
453 +When using the frequency mentioned above, the server sometimes adjusts the Data Rate (DR) of the node, because the end node has Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) Enabled.
440 440  
441 -
442 -)))
455 +When the server adjusts end node data rate to 0, the maximum payload length is 11 bytes. The server sometimes sends an ADR packet to the end node, and the node will reply to the server after receiving the ADR packet, but the number of payload bytes exceeds the limit, so it will send a normal uplink packet, and following an additional 00 data packet to handle this MAC command response.
443 443  
457 +
458 +**How to solve:**
459 +
460 +Solution: Use the decoder to filter out this 0x00 packet.
461 +
462 +Some node decoders may not have the filter function, or you need decoders of other servers and formats. Please send an email to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]]
463 +
464 +
465 +
444 444  = 11. Why my Dev EUI and APP EUI is 0x000000000000, how to solve? =
445 445  
468 +
446 446  (((
447 447  It is possible the keys is erased during upgrading of firmware. and the console output shows below after AT+CFG
448 448  )))
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473 473  
474 474  (((
475 475  You can rewrites the keys by running commands in AT Console
499 +
500 +
476 476  )))
477 477  
478 478  (((
... ... @@ -499,6 +499,7 @@
499 499  (Any combination of 16 bit codes can be used）
500 500  
501 501  
527 +
502 502  = 12. I set my device is LoRaWAN Class C mode, why i still see Class A after boot? =
503 503  )))
504 504  
... ... @@ -506,6 +506,30 @@
506 506  Class C only refers to status after OTAA Join successfully. The OTAA Join Process will use Class A mode.
507 507  
508 508  
535 += 13. Why it takes longer time for OTAA joined in US915/CN470/AU915 band? =
509 509  
537 +
538 +In US915, AU915 or CN470 frequency band, there are 8 subbands, totally 72 channels. and LoRaWAN server normally use only one sub-band, for example Subband 2 in TTN. The gateway also configured to Subband 2 and cover eight channels in this subband. If the end node transfer data in Subband 2, it will reach to gateway and to the LoRaWAN server. If the end node transfer packets in other subbands, for example subband 1, the packet won't arrive both gateway or LoRaWAN server.
539 +
540 +
541 +In Dragino Sensors old version firmware (before early 2022), the subband is fixed the subband to 2 , but this cause a problem, the end node is hard to use in other subband and need program. So the new logic is as below:
542 +
543 +We have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
544 +
545 +* (((
546 +Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
547 +)))
548 +* (((
549 +Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
550 +)))
551 +
552 +This change will make the activation time a littler longer but make sure the device can be used in any subband.
553 +
554 +
555 +Below is a photo to show why it takes longer time for OTAA Join. We can see in 72 channels mode, why it takes more time to join success. If users want to have faster OTAA Join success, he can change default CHE to the subband he use.
556 +
557 +
558 +[[image:image-20221215223215-1.png||height="584" width="1280"]]
559 +
510 510  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
511 511  
image-20221215223215-1.png
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