Changes for page End Device Frequency Band

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2024/10/21 20:35
<
From version < 7.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/30 10:34
To version < 18.1
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2024/10/21 20:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
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1 1  (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2 - **Contents：**
2 + **Table of** **Contents：**
3 3  
4 4  {{toc/}}
5 5  
6 +
7 +
8 +
6 6  = 1. Introduction =
7 7  
11 +
8 8  This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
9 9  
10 10  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
11 11  * Frequency Bands vs Country List : Page 11 of [[LoRaWAN Regional Parameters RP2-1.0.3>>url:https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters]]
12 12  
13 -
14 14  = 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
15 15  
16 -For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
19 +Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
17 17  
18 -(((
19 -For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
20 -)))
21 +* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
22 +* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
23 +* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
21 21  
22 -* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
23 -* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
25 +Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
24 24  
27 +* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
28 +* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
25 25  
26 26  = 3. Default Frequency Bands =
27 27  
28 -
29 29  == 3.1 AS923 ==
30 30  
31 31  === 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
32 32  
36 +
33 33  (((
34 34  Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
35 35  )))
... ... @@ -41,6 +41,8 @@
41 41  
42 42  === 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
43 43  
48 +
49 +* **Countries**: Malaysia,
44 44  * Default Uplink channel:
45 45  ** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
46 46  ** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -68,6 +68,7 @@
68 68  
69 69  === 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
70 70  
77 +
71 71  * Default Uplink channel:
72 72  ** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
73 73  ** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -78,9 +78,9 @@
78 78  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
79 79  ** 921.4 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
80 80  
81 -
82 82  === 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
83 83  
90 +
84 84  * Default Uplink channel:
85 85  ** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
86 86  ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -91,9 +91,9 @@
91 91  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
92 92  ** 916.6 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
93 93  
94 -
95 95  === 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
96 96  
103 +
97 97  * Countries : Israel
98 98  * Default Uplink channel:
99 99  ** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -104,9 +104,9 @@
104 104  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
105 105  ** 917.3 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
106 106  
107 -
108 108  == 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
109 109  
116 +
110 110  **Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
111 111  
112 112  * Uplink:
... ... @@ -148,13 +148,15 @@
148 148  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
149 149  )))
150 150  * (((
151 -Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
158 +Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
152 152  
160 +
153 153  
154 154  )))
155 155  
156 156  == 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
157 157  
166 +
158 158  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
159 159  
160 160  * Uplink:
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178 178  ** 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
179 179  ** 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
180 180  
181 -
182 182  == 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
183 183  
192 +
184 184  * Uplink:
185 185  ** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
186 186  ** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
... ... @@ -201,6 +201,7 @@
201 201  
202 202  == 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
203 203  
213 +
204 204  * Uplink:
205 205  ** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
206 206  ** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
... ... @@ -210,9 +210,20 @@
210 210  ** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
211 211  ** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
212 212  
223 +Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
213 213  
225 +* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 +* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227 +* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228 +* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 +* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230 +* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231 +* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232 +* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
233 +
214 214  == 3.6 KZ865 ==
215 215  
236 +
216 216  * Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
217 217  ** 865.1
218 218  ** 865.2
... ... @@ -224,9 +224,9 @@
224 224  ** The RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink.
225 225  ** The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are 866.7MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)​
226 226  
227 -
228 228  == 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
229 229  
250 +
230 230  * Default channel:
231 231  ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232 232  ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
... ... @@ -245,9 +245,9 @@
245 245  ** Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
246 246  ** 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
247 247  
248 -
249 249  == 3.8 MA869 ==
250 250  
271 +
251 251   Country: Morroco
252 252  
253 253  * Uplink:
... ... @@ -267,11 +267,13 @@
267 267  
268 268  == 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
269 269  
291 +
270 270  Used in USA, Canada and South America.
271 271  
272 272  
273 273  === 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
274 274  
297 +
275 275  Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
276 276  
277 277  * Uplink:
... ... @@ -295,21 +295,17 @@
295 295  ** 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
296 296  ** 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
297 297  
298 -
299 299  === 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
300 300  
323 +
301 301  (((
302 302  There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
303 303  )))
304 304  
305 305  (((
306 -
329 +So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
307 307  )))
308 308  
309 -(((
310 -So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
311 -)))
312 -
313 313  * (((
314 314  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
315 315  )))
... ... @@ -316,10 +316,48 @@
316 316  * (((
317 317  Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
318 318  
338 +
319 319  
320 320  )))
321 321  
322 322  = 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
323 323  
344 +
324 324  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
325 325  * Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
347 +
348 +
349 += 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
350 +
351 +
352 +Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
353 +
354 +
355 +== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
356 +
357 +
358 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
359 +
360 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
361 +
362 +== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
363 +
364 +
365 +* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
366 +
367 +* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
368 +
369 +Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
370 +
371 +
372 += 6. Data Rate and TXP auto-adjust logic. =
373 +
374 +In below cases the sensor end node will auto-adjust. (ADR must set to 1)
375 +
376 +* Auto-just according to the server ADR request change downlink command.
377 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 64 uplinks, end node will set the output to maximum power (AT+TXP=0).
378 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 96 uplinks, end node will reduce the Data Rate by 1.
379 +
380 +
381 +
382 +

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