Changes for page End Device Frequency Band

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2024/10/21 20:35
<
From version < 3.9 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/10 15:53
To version < 18.1
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2024/10/21 20:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
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1 1  (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2 -
2 + **Table of** **Contents：**
3 3  
4 4  {{toc/}}
5 5  
6 +
7 +
8 +
6 6  = 1. Introduction =
7 7  
11 +
8 8  This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
9 9  
10 10  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
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12 12  
13 13  = 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
14 14  
15 -For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
19 +Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
16 16  
17 -(((
18 -For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
19 -)))
21 +* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
22 +* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
23 +* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
20 20  
21 -* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
22 -* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
25 +Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
23 23  
27 +* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
28 +* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
29 +
24 24  = 3. Default Frequency Bands =
25 25  
26 -
27 27  == 3.1 AS923 ==
28 28  
29 29  === 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
30 30  
36 +
31 31  (((
32 32  Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
33 33  )))
... ... @@ -37,9 +37,10 @@
37 37  )))
38 38  
39 39  
40 -
41 41  === 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
42 42  
48 +
49 +* **Countries**: Malaysia,
43 43  * Default Uplink channel:
44 44  ** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
45 45  ** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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67 67  
68 68  === 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
69 69  
77 +
70 70  * Default Uplink channel:
71 71  ** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
72 72  ** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
79 79  
80 80  === 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
81 81  
90 +
82 82  * Default Uplink channel:
83 83  ** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
84 84  ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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91 91  
92 92  === 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
93 93  
103 +
94 94  * Countries : Israel
95 95  * Default Uplink channel:
96 96  ** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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103 103  
104 104  == 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
105 105  
116 +
106 106  **Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
107 107  
108 108  * Uplink:
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130 130  There is a issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only works for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, user need to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvinient.
131 131  )))
132 132  
133 -(((
134 -
135 -)))
136 136  
137 137  (((
138 138  So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, To make sure the end node supports all sub band by default. In the OTAA Join process, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join.
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147 147  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
148 148  )))
149 149  * (((
150 -Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
158 +Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
159 +
160 +
161 +
151 151  )))
152 152  
153 153  == 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
154 154  
166 +
155 155  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
156 156  
157 157  * Uplink:
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177 177  
178 178  == 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
179 179  
192 +
180 180  * Uplink:
181 181  ** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
182 182  ** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
... ... @@ -197,6 +197,7 @@
197 197  
198 198  == 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
199 199  
213 +
200 200  * Uplink:
201 201  ** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
202 202  ** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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206 206  ** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
207 207  ** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
208 208  
223 +Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
224 +
225 +* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 +* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227 +* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228 +* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 +* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230 +* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231 +* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232 +* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
233 +
209 209  == 3.6 KZ865 ==
210 210  
236 +
211 211  * Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
212 212  ** 865.1
213 213  ** 865.2
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221 221  
222 222  == 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
223 223  
250 +
224 224  * Default channel:
225 225  ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 226  ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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241 241  
242 242  == 3.8 MA869 ==
243 243  
271 +
272 + Country: Morroco
273 +
244 244  * Uplink:
245 245  ** 869.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
246 246  ** 869.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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258 258  
259 259  == 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
260 260  
291 +
261 261  Used in USA, Canada and South America.
262 262  
294 +
263 263  === 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
264 264  
297 +
265 265  Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
266 266  
267 267  * Uplink:
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287 287  
288 288  === 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
289 289  
323 +
290 290  (((
291 291  There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
292 292  )))
293 293  
294 294  (((
295 -
329 +So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
296 296  )))
297 297  
298 -(((
299 -So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
300 -)))
301 -
302 302  * (((
303 303  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
304 304  )))
305 305  * (((
306 306  Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
337 +
338 +
339 +
307 307  )))
308 308  
309 309  = 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
310 310  
344 +
311 311  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
312 312  * Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
347 +
348 +
349 += 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
350 +
351 +
352 +Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
353 +
354 +
355 +== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
356 +
357 +
358 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
359 +
360 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
361 +
362 +== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
363 +
364 +
365 +* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
366 +
367 +* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
368 +
369 +Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
370 +
371 +
372 += 6. Data Rate and TXP auto-adjust logic. =
373 +
374 +In below cases the sensor end node will auto-adjust. (ADR must set to 1)
375 +
376 +* Auto-just according to the server ADR request change downlink command.
377 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 64 uplinks, end node will set the output to maximum power (AT+TXP=0).
378 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 96 uplinks, end node will reduce the Data Rate by 1.
379 +
380 +
381 +
382 +

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