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1		-XWiki.Xiaoling
	1	+XWiki.Edwin

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1	1	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2		-
	2	+ **Table of** **Contents：**
3	3
4	4	{{toc/}}
5	5
	6	+
	7	+
	8	+
6	6	= 1. Introduction =
7	7
	11	+
8	8	This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
9	9
10	10	* TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
...	...	@@ -12,22 +12,24 @@
12	12
13	13	= 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
14	14
15		-For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
	19	+Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
16	16
17		-(((
18		-For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
19		-)))
	21	+* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
	22	+* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
	23	+* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
20	20
21		-* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
22		-* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
	25	+Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
23	23
	27	+* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
	28	+* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
	29	+
24	24	= 3. Default Frequency Bands =
25	25
26		-
27	27	== 3.1 AS923 ==
28	28
29	29	=== 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
30	30
	36	+
31	31	(((
32	32	Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
33	33	)))
...	...	@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@
37	37	)))
38	38
39	39
40		-
41	41	=== 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
42	42
	48	+
	49	+* **Countries**: Malaysia,
43	43	* Default Uplink channel:
44	44	** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
45	45	** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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67	67
68	68	=== 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
69	69
	77	+
70	70	* Default Uplink channel:
71	71	** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
72	72	** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
...	...	@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
79	79
80	80	=== 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
81	81
	90	+
82	82	* Default Uplink channel:
83	83	** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
84	84	** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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91	91
92	92	=== 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
93	93
	103	+
94	94	* Countries : Israel
95	95	* Default Uplink channel:
96	96	** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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103	103
104	104	== 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
105	105
	116	+
106	106	**Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
107	107
108	108	* Uplink:
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126	126	** 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
127	127	** 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
128	128
	140	+(((
129	129	There is a issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only works for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, user need to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvinient.
	142	+)))
130	130
	144	+
	145	+(((
131	131	So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, To make sure the end node supports all sub band by default. In the OTAA Join process, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join.
	147	+)))
132	132
	149	+
	150	+(((
133	133	After Join success, the end node will switch to the correct sub band by:
	152	+)))
134	134
135		-* Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
136		-* Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
	154	+* (((
	155	+Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
	156	+)))
	157	+* (((
	158	+Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
137	137
	160	+
	161	+
	162	+)))
	163	+
138	138	== 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
139	139
	166	+
140	140	Used in China, Default use CHE=1
141	141
142	142	* Uplink:
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162	162
163	163	== 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
164	164
	192	+
165	165	* Uplink:
166	166	** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
167	167	** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
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182	182
183	183	== 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
184	184
	213	+
185	185	* Uplink:
186	186	** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
187	187	** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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191	191	** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
192	192	** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
193	193
	223	+Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
	224	+
	225	+* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	226	+* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	227	+* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	228	+* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	229	+* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	230	+* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	231	+* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	232	+* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	233	+
194	194	== 3.6 KZ865 ==
195	195
	236	+
196	196	* Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
197	197	** 865.1
198	198	** 865.2
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206	206
207	207	== 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
208	208
	250	+
209	209	* Default channel:
210	210	** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
211	211	** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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226	226
227	227	== 3.8 MA869 ==
228	228
	271	+
	272	+ Country: Morroco
	273	+
229	229	* Uplink:
230	230	** 869.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231	231	** 869.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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243	243
244	244	== 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
245	245
	291	+
246	246	Used in USA, Canada and South America.
247	247
	294	+
248	248	=== 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
249	249
	297	+
250	250	Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
251	251
252	252	* Uplink:
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272	272
273	273	=== 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
274	274
	323	+
	324	+(((
275	275	There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
	326	+)))
276	276
277		-So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
	328	+(((
	329	+So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
	330	+)))
278	278
279		-* Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
280		-* Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
	332	+* (((
	333	+Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
	334	+)))
	335	+* (((
	336	+Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
281	281
	338	+
	339	+
	340	+)))
	341	+
282	282	= 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
283	283
	344	+
284	284	* TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
285	285	* Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
	347	+
	348	+= 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
	349	+
	350	+
	351	+Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
	352	+
	353	+
	354	+== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
	355	+
	356	+
	357	+* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
	358	+
	359	+* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
	360	+
	361	+== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
	362	+
	363	+
	364	+* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
	365	+
	366	+* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
	367	+
	368	+Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
	369	+
	370	+
	371	+
	372	+
	373	+
	374	+