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1		-XWiki.Edwin
	1	+XWiki.Xiaoling

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1	1	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2		- **Table of** **Contents：**
	2	+ **Contents：**
3	3
4	4	{{toc/}}
5	5
...	...	@@ -8,32 +8,33 @@
8	8
9	9	= 1. Introduction =
10	10
11		-
12	12	This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
13	13
14	14	* TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
15	15	* Frequency Bands vs Country List : Page 11 of [[LoRaWAN Regional Parameters RP2-1.0.3>>url:https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters]]
16	16
	16	+
	17	+
17	17	= 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
18	18
19		-Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
	20	+For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
20	20
21		-* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
22		-* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
23		-* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
	22	+(((
	23	+For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
	24	+)))
24	24
25		-Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
	26	+* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
	27	+* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
26	26
27		-* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
28		-* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
29	29
	30	+
30	30	= 3. Default Frequency Bands =
31	31
	33	+
32	32	== 3.1 AS923 ==
33	33
34	34	=== 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
35	35
36		-
37	37	(((
38	38	Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
39	39	)))
...	...	@@ -45,8 +45,6 @@
45	45
46	46	=== 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
47	47
48		-
49		-* **Countries**: Malaysia,
50	50	* Default Uplink channel:
51	51	** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
52	52	** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
...	...	@@ -72,9 +72,10 @@
72	72	** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
73	73	** 923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
74	74
75		-=== 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
76	76
77	77
	76	+=== 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
	77	+
78	78	* Default Uplink channel:
79	79	** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
80	80	** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
...	...	@@ -85,9 +85,10 @@
85	85	** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
86	86	** 921.4 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
87	87
88		-=== 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
89	89
90	90
	90	+=== 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
	91	+
91	91	* Default Uplink channel:
92	92	** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
93	93	** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
...	...	@@ -98,9 +98,10 @@
98	98	** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
99	99	** 916.6 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
100	100
101		-=== 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
102	102
103	103
	104	+=== 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
	105	+
104	104	* Countries : Israel
105	105	* Default Uplink channel:
106	106	** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
...	...	@@ -111,9 +111,10 @@
111	111	** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
112	112	** 917.3 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
113	113
114		-== 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
115	115
116	116
	118	+== 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
	119	+
117	117	**Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
118	118
119	119	* Uplink:
...	...	@@ -155,15 +155,13 @@
155	155	Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
156	156	)))
157	157	* (((
158		-Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
	161	+Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
159	159
160		-
161	161
162	162	)))
163	163
164	164	== 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
165	165
166		-
167	167	Used in China, Default use CHE=1
168	168
169	169	* Uplink:
...	...	@@ -187,9 +187,10 @@
187	187	** 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
188	188	** 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
189	189
190		-== 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
191	191
192	192
	193	+== 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
	194	+
193	193	* Uplink:
194	194	** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
195	195	** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
...	...	@@ -210,7 +210,6 @@
210	210
211	211	== 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
212	212
213		-
214	214	* Uplink:
215	215	** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
216	216	** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
...	...	@@ -220,20 +220,10 @@
220	220	** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
221	221	** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
222	222
223		-Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
224	224
225		-* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226		-* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227		-* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228		-* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229		-* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230		-* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231		-* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232		-* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
233	233
234	234	== 3.6 KZ865 ==
235	235
236		-
237	237	* Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
238	238	** 865.1
239	239	** 865.2
...	...	@@ -245,9 +245,10 @@
245	245	** The RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink.
246	246	** The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are 866.7MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)​
247	247
248		-== 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
249	249
250	250
	241	+== 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
	242	+
251	251	* Default channel:
252	252	** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
253	253	** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
...	...	@@ -266,9 +266,10 @@
266	266	** Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
267	267	** 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
268	268
269		-== 3.8 MA869 ==
270	270
271	271
	263	+== 3.8 MA869 ==
	264	+
272	272	Country: Morroco
273	273
274	274	* Uplink:
...	...	@@ -286,15 +286,15 @@
286	286	** Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
287	287	** 869.525 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
288	288
289		-== 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
290	290
291	291
	284	+== 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
	285	+
292	292	Used in USA, Canada and South America.
293	293
294	294
295	295	=== 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
296	296
297		-
298	298	Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
299	299
300	300	* Uplink:
...	...	@@ -320,15 +320,18 @@
320	320
321	321	=== 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
322	322
323		-
324	324	(((
325	325	There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
326	326	)))
327	327
328	328	(((
329		-So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
	321	+
330	330	)))
331	331
	324	+(((
	325	+So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
	326	+)))
	327	+
332	332	* (((
333	333	Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
334	334	)))
...	...	@@ -335,48 +335,10 @@
335	335	* (((
336	336	Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
337	337
338		-
339	339
340	340	)))
341	341
342	342	= 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
343	343
344		-
345	345	* TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
346	346	* Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
347		-
348		-
349		-= 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
350		-
351		-
352		-Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
353		-
354		-
355		-== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
356		-
357		-
358		-* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
359		-
360		-* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
361		-
362		-== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
363		-
364		-
365		-* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
366		-
367		-* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
368		-
369		-Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
370		-
371		-
372		-= 6. Data Rate and TXP auto-adjust logic. =
373		-
374		-In below cases the sensor end node will auto-adjust. (ADR must set to 1)
375		-
376		-* Auto-just according to the server ADR request change downlink command.
377		-* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 64 uplinks, end node will set the output to maximum power (AT+TXP=0).
378		-* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 96 uplinks, end node will reduce the Data Rate by 1.
379		-
380		-
381		-
382		-