Changes for page End Device Frequency Band

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2024/10/21 20:35
<
From version < 11.5 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/01 11:46
To version < 18.1
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2024/10/21 20:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
Content
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1 1  (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2 - **Contents：**
2 + **Table of** **Contents：**
3 3  
4 4  {{toc/}}
5 5  
... ... @@ -8,31 +8,32 @@
8 8  
9 9  = 1. Introduction =
10 10  
11 +
11 11  This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
12 12  
13 13  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
14 14  * Frequency Bands vs Country List : Page 11 of [[LoRaWAN Regional Parameters RP2-1.0.3>>url:https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters]]
15 15  
16 -
17 -
18 18  = 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
19 19  
20 -For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
19 +Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
21 21  
22 -(((
23 -For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
24 -)))
21 +* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
22 +* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
23 +* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
25 25  
26 -* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
27 -* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
25 +Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
28 28  
27 +* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
28 +* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
29 +
29 29  = 3. Default Frequency Bands =
30 30  
31 -
32 32  == 3.1 AS923 ==
33 33  
34 34  === 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
35 35  
36 +
36 36  (((
37 37  Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
38 38  )))
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44 44  
45 45  === 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
46 46  
48 +
49 +* **Countries**: Malaysia,
47 47  * Default Uplink channel:
48 48  ** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
49 49  ** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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71 71  
72 72  === 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
73 73  
77 +
74 74  * Default Uplink channel:
75 75  ** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
76 76  ** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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83 83  
84 84  === 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
85 85  
90 +
86 86  * Default Uplink channel:
87 87  ** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
88 88  ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -95,6 +95,7 @@
95 95  
96 96  === 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
97 97  
103 +
98 98  * Countries : Israel
99 99  * Default Uplink channel:
100 100  ** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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107 107  
108 108  == 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
109 109  
116 +
110 110  **Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
111 111  
112 112  * Uplink:
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148 148  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
149 149  )))
150 150  * (((
151 -Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
158 +Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
152 152  
160 +
153 153  
154 154  )))
155 155  
156 156  == 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
157 157  
166 +
158 158  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
159 159  
160 160  * Uplink:
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180 180  
181 181  == 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
182 182  
192 +
183 183  * Uplink:
184 184  ** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
185 185  ** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
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200 200  
201 201  == 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
202 202  
213 +
203 203  * Uplink:
204 204  ** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
205 205  ** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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209 209  ** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
210 210  ** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
211 211  
223 +Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
224 +
225 +* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 +* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227 +* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228 +* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 +* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230 +* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231 +* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232 +* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
233 +
212 212  == 3.6 KZ865 ==
213 213  
236 +
214 214  * Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
215 215  ** 865.1
216 216  ** 865.2
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224 224  
225 225  == 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
226 226  
250 +
227 227  * Default channel:
228 228  ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 229  ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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244 244  
245 245  == 3.8 MA869 ==
246 246  
271 +
247 247   Country: Morroco
248 248  
249 249  * Uplink:
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263 263  
264 264  == 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
265 265  
291 +
266 266  Used in USA, Canada and South America.
267 267  
268 268  
269 269  === 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
270 270  
297 +
271 271  Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
272 272  
273 273  * Uplink:
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293 293  
294 294  === 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
295 295  
323 +
296 296  (((
297 297  There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
298 298  )))
299 299  
300 300  (((
301 -
329 +So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
302 302  )))
303 303  
304 -(((
305 -So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
306 -)))
307 -
308 308  * (((
309 309  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
310 310  )))
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311 311  * (((
312 312  Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
313 313  
338 +
314 314  
315 315  )))
316 316  
317 317  = 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
318 318  
344 +
319 319  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
320 320  * Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
347 +
348 +
349 += 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
350 +
351 +
352 +Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
353 +
354 +
355 +== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
356 +
357 +
358 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
359 +
360 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
361 +
362 +== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
363 +
364 +
365 +* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
366 +
367 +* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
368 +
369 +Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
370 +
371 +
372 += 6. Data Rate and TXP auto-adjust logic. =
373 +
374 +In below cases the sensor end node will auto-adjust. (ADR must set to 1)
375 +
376 +* Auto-just according to the server ADR request change downlink command.
377 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 64 uplinks, end node will set the output to maximum power (AT+TXP=0).
378 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 96 uplinks, end node will reduce the Data Rate by 1.
379 +
380 +
381 +
382 +

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