Changes for page End Device Frequency Band

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2024/10/21 20:35
<
From version < 11.4 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/31 08:57
To version < 18.1
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2024/10/21 20:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
Content
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1 1  (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2 - **Contents：**
2 + **Table of** **Contents：**
3 3  
4 4  {{toc/}}
5 5  
... ... @@ -8,31 +8,32 @@
8 8  
9 9  = 1. Introduction =
10 10  
11 +
11 11  This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
12 12  
13 13  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
14 14  * Frequency Bands vs Country List : Page 11 of [[LoRaWAN Regional Parameters RP2-1.0.3>>url:https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters]]
15 15  
16 -
17 17  = 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
18 18  
19 -For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
19 +Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
20 20  
21 -(((
22 -For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
23 -)))
21 +* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
22 +* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
23 +* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
24 24  
25 -* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
26 -* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
25 +Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
27 27  
27 +* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
28 +* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
28 28  
29 29  = 3. Default Frequency Bands =
30 30  
31 -
32 32  == 3.1 AS923 ==
33 33  
34 34  === 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
35 35  
36 +
36 36  (((
37 37  Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
38 38  )))
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44 44  
45 45  === 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
46 46  
48 +
49 +* **Countries**: Malaysia,
47 47  * Default Uplink channel:
48 48  ** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
49 49  ** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -69,9 +69,9 @@
69 69  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
70 70  ** 923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
71 71  
72 -
73 73  === 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
74 74  
77 +
75 75  * Default Uplink channel:
76 76  ** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
77 77  ** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -82,9 +82,9 @@
82 82  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
83 83  ** 921.4 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
84 84  
85 -
86 86  === 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
87 87  
90 +
88 88  * Default Uplink channel:
89 89  ** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
90 90  ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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97 97  
98 98  === 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
99 99  
103 +
100 100  * Countries : Israel
101 101  * Default Uplink channel:
102 102  ** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -109,6 +109,7 @@
109 109  
110 110  == 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
111 111  
116 +
112 112  **Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
113 113  
114 114  * Uplink:
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150 150  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
151 151  )))
152 152  * (((
153 -Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
158 +Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
154 154  
160 +
155 155  
156 156  )))
157 157  
158 158  == 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
159 159  
166 +
160 160  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
161 161  
162 162  * Uplink:
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180 180  ** 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
181 181  ** 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
182 182  
183 -
184 184  == 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
185 185  
192 +
186 186  * Uplink:
187 187  ** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
188 188  ** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
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203 203  
204 204  == 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
205 205  
213 +
206 206  * Uplink:
207 207  ** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
208 208  ** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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212 212  ** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
213 213  ** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
214 214  
223 +Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
215 215  
225 +* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 +* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227 +* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228 +* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 +* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230 +* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231 +* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232 +* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
233 +
216 216  == 3.6 KZ865 ==
217 217  
236 +
218 218  * Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
219 219  ** 865.1
220 220  ** 865.2
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226 226  ** The RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink.
227 227  ** The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are 866.7MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)​
228 228  
229 -
230 230  == 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
231 231  
250 +
232 232  * Default channel:
233 233  ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
234 234  ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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247 247  ** Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
248 248  ** 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
249 249  
250 -
251 251  == 3.8 MA869 ==
252 252  
271 +
253 253   Country: Morroco
254 254  
255 255  * Uplink:
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267 267  ** Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
268 268  ** 869.525 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
269 269  
270 -
271 271  == 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
272 272  
291 +
273 273  Used in USA, Canada and South America.
274 274  
275 275  
276 276  === 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
277 277  
297 +
278 278  Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
279 279  
280 280  * Uplink:
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298 298  ** 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
299 299  ** 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
300 300  
301 -
302 302  === 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
303 303  
323 +
304 304  (((
305 305  There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
306 306  )))
307 307  
308 308  (((
309 -
329 +So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
310 310  )))
311 311  
312 -(((
313 -So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
314 -)))
315 -
316 316  * (((
317 317  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
318 318  )))
... ... @@ -319,10 +319,48 @@
319 319  * (((
320 320  Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
321 321  
338 +
322 322  
323 323  )))
324 324  
325 325  = 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
326 326  
344 +
327 327  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
328 328  * Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
347 +
348 +
349 += 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
350 +
351 +
352 +Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
353 +
354 +
355 +== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
356 +
357 +
358 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
359 +
360 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
361 +
362 +== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
363 +
364 +
365 +* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
366 +
367 +* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
368 +
369 +Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
370 +
371 +
372 += 6. Data Rate and TXP auto-adjust logic. =
373 +
374 +In below cases the sensor end node will auto-adjust. (ADR must set to 1)
375 +
376 +* Auto-just according to the server ADR request change downlink command.
377 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 64 uplinks, end node will set the output to maximum power (AT+TXP=0).
378 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 96 uplinks, end node will reduce the Data Rate by 1.
379 +
380 +
381 +
382 +

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