Changes for page End Device Frequency Band

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2024/10/21 20:35
<
From version < 11.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/31 08:57
To version < 18.1
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2024/10/21 20:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
Content
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1 1  (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2 - **Contents：**
2 + **Table of** **Contents：**
3 3  
4 4  {{toc/}}
5 5  
... ... @@ -8,31 +8,32 @@
8 8  
9 9  = 1. Introduction =
10 10  
11 +
11 11  This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
12 12  
13 13  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
14 14  * Frequency Bands vs Country List : Page 11 of [[LoRaWAN Regional Parameters RP2-1.0.3>>url:https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters]]
15 15  
16 -
17 17  = 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
18 18  
19 -For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
19 +Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
20 20  
21 -(((
22 -For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
23 -)))
21 +* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
22 +* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
23 +* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
24 24  
25 -* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
26 -* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
25 +Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
27 27  
27 +* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
28 +* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
28 28  
29 29  = 3. Default Frequency Bands =
30 30  
31 -
32 32  == 3.1 AS923 ==
33 33  
34 34  === 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
35 35  
36 +
36 36  (((
37 37  Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
38 38  )))
... ... @@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
44 44  
45 45  === 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
46 46  
48 +
49 +* **Countries**: Malaysia,
47 47  * Default Uplink channel:
48 48  ** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
49 49  ** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -69,9 +69,9 @@
69 69  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
70 70  ** 923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
71 71  
72 -
73 73  === 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
74 74  
77 +
75 75  * Default Uplink channel:
76 76  ** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
77 77  ** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -84,6 +84,7 @@
84 84  
85 85  === 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
86 86  
90 +
87 87  * Default Uplink channel:
88 88  ** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
89 89  ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -96,6 +96,7 @@
96 96  
97 97  === 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
98 98  
103 +
99 99  * Countries : Israel
100 100  * Default Uplink channel:
101 101  ** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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108 108  
109 109  == 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
110 110  
116 +
111 111  **Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
112 112  
113 113  * Uplink:
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149 149  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
150 150  )))
151 151  * (((
152 -Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
158 +Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
153 153  
160 +
154 154  
155 155  )))
156 156  
157 157  == 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
158 158  
166 +
159 159  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
160 160  
161 161  * Uplink:
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179 179  ** 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
180 180  ** 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
181 181  
182 -
183 183  == 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
184 184  
192 +
185 185  * Uplink:
186 186  ** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
187 187  ** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
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202 202  
203 203  == 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
204 204  
213 +
205 205  * Uplink:
206 206  ** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
207 207  ** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
... ... @@ -211,9 +211,20 @@
211 211  ** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
212 212  ** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
213 213  
223 +Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
214 214  
225 +* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 +* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227 +* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228 +* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 +* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230 +* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231 +* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232 +* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
233 +
215 215  == 3.6 KZ865 ==
216 216  
236 +
217 217  * Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
218 218  ** 865.1
219 219  ** 865.2
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225 225  ** The RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink.
226 226  ** The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are 866.7MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)​
227 227  
228 -
229 229  == 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
230 230  
250 +
231 231  * Default channel:
232 232  ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
233 233  ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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246 246  ** Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
247 247  ** 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
248 248  
249 -
250 250  == 3.8 MA869 ==
251 251  
271 +
252 252   Country: Morroco
253 253  
254 254  * Uplink:
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266 266  ** Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
267 267  ** 869.525 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
268 268  
269 -
270 270  == 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
271 271  
291 +
272 272  Used in USA, Canada and South America.
273 273  
274 274  
275 275  === 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
276 276  
297 +
277 277  Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
278 278  
279 279  * Uplink:
... ... @@ -297,21 +297,17 @@
297 297  ** 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
298 298  ** 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
299 299  
300 -
301 301  === 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
302 302  
323 +
303 303  (((
304 304  There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
305 305  )))
306 306  
307 307  (((
308 -
329 +So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
309 309  )))
310 310  
311 -(((
312 -So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
313 -)))
314 -
315 315  * (((
316 316  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
317 317  )))
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318 318  * (((
319 319  Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
320 320  
338 +
321 321  
322 322  )))
323 323  
324 324  = 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
325 325  
344 +
326 326  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
327 327  * Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
347 +
348 +
349 += 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
350 +
351 +
352 +Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
353 +
354 +
355 +== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
356 +
357 +
358 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
359 +
360 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
361 +
362 +== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
363 +
364 +
365 +* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
366 +
367 +* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
368 +
369 +Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
370 +
371 +
372 += 6. Data Rate and TXP auto-adjust logic. =
373 +
374 +In below cases the sensor end node will auto-adjust. (ADR must set to 1)
375 +
376 +* Auto-just according to the server ADR request change downlink command.
377 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 64 uplinks, end node will set the output to maximum power (AT+TXP=0).
378 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 96 uplinks, end node will reduce the Data Rate by 1.
379 +
380 +
381 +
382 +

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