Changes for page End Device Frequency Band

Last modified by Edwin Chen on 2024/10/21 20:35
<
From version < 11.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/30 10:42
To version < 18.1
edited by Edwin Chen
on 2024/10/21 20:35
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Edwin
Content
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1 1  (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
2 - **Contents：**
2 + **Table of** **Contents：**
3 3  
4 4  {{toc/}}
5 5  
... ... @@ -8,33 +8,32 @@
8 8  
9 9  = 1. Introduction =
10 10  
11 +
11 11  This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
12 12  
13 13  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
14 14  * Frequency Bands vs Country List : Page 11 of [[LoRaWAN Regional Parameters RP2-1.0.3>>url:https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters]]
15 15  
16 -
17 -
18 18  = 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
19 19  
20 -For 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will make first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
19 +Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: One device boot or reset, it will
21 21  
22 -(((
23 -For 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
24 -)))
21 +* First make 200 Join Requestes for OTAA Join, the interval of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement.
22 +* After 200 Join Requestes, if end node still not join successful, to save battery life, it will keep sending join request at the default uplink interval ( 20 minutes) .
23 +* If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
25 25  
26 -* EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
27 -* US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
25 +Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
28 28  
27 +* **EU868 OTAA Join DR Logic**. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each SF will make 3 attempts and then loop
28 +* **US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure**,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
29 29  
30 -
31 31  = 3. Default Frequency Bands =
32 32  
33 -
34 34  == 3.1 AS923 ==
35 35  
36 36  === 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
37 37  
36 +
38 38  (((
39 39  Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
40 40  )))
... ... @@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
46 46  
47 47  === 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
48 48  
48 +
49 +* **Countries**: Malaysia,
49 49  * Default Uplink channel:
50 50  ** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
51 51  ** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -71,9 +71,9 @@
71 71  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
72 72  ** 923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
73 73  
74 -
75 75  === 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
76 76  
77 +
77 77  * Default Uplink channel:
78 78  ** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
79 79  ** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -84,9 +84,9 @@
84 84  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
85 85  ** 921.4 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
86 86  
87 -
88 88  === 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
89 89  
90 +
90 90  * Default Uplink channel:
91 91  ** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
92 92  ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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97 97  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
98 98  ** 916.6 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
99 99  
100 -
101 101  === 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
102 102  
103 +
103 103  * Countries : Israel
104 104  * Default Uplink channel:
105 105  ** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
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110 110  ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
111 111  ** 917.3 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
112 112  
113 -
114 114  == 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
115 115  
116 +
116 116  **Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
117 117  
118 118  * Uplink:
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154 154  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
155 155  )))
156 156  * (((
157 -Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn’t include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
158 +Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
158 158  
160 +
159 159  
160 160  )))
161 161  
162 162  == 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
163 163  
166 +
164 164  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
165 165  
166 166  * Uplink:
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184 184  ** 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
185 185  ** 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
186 186  
187 -
188 -
189 189  == 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
190 190  
192 +
191 191  * Uplink:
192 192  ** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
193 193  ** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
... ... @@ -208,6 +208,7 @@
208 208  
209 209  == 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
210 210  
213 +
211 211  * Uplink:
212 212  ** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
213 213  ** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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217 217  ** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
218 218  ** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
219 219  
223 +Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
220 220  
225 +* 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 +* 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227 +* 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228 +* 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 +* 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230 +* 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231 +* 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
232 +* 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
221 221  
222 222  == 3.6 KZ865 ==
223 223  
236 +
224 224  * Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
225 225  ** 865.1
226 226  ** 865.2
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232 232  ** The RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink.
233 233  ** The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are 866.7MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)​
234 234  
235 -
236 -
237 237  == 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
238 238  
250 +
239 239  * Default channel:
240 240  ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
241 241  ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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254 254  ** Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
255 255  ** 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
256 256  
257 -
258 -
259 259  == 3.8 MA869 ==
260 260  
271 +
261 261   Country: Morroco
262 262  
263 263  * Uplink:
... ... @@ -275,15 +275,15 @@
275 275  ** Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
276 276  ** 869.525 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
277 277  
278 -
279 -
280 280  == 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
281 281  
291 +
282 282  Used in USA, Canada and South America.
283 283  
284 284  
285 285  === 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
286 286  
297 +
287 287  Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
288 288  
289 289  * Uplink:
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307 307  ** 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
308 308  ** 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
309 309  
310 -
311 -
312 312  === 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
313 313  
323 +
314 314  (((
315 315  There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
316 316  )))
317 317  
318 318  (((
319 -
329 +So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
320 320  )))
321 321  
322 -(((
323 -So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join, In this case, In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
324 -)))
325 -
326 326  * (((
327 327  Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
328 328  )))
... ... @@ -329,10 +329,48 @@
329 329  * (((
330 330  Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
331 331  
338 +
332 332  
333 333  )))
334 334  
335 335  = 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
336 336  
344 +
337 337  * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
338 338  * Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
347 +
348 +
349 += 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
350 +
351 +
352 +Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
353 +
354 +
355 +== 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
356 +
357 +
358 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
359 +
360 +* If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
361 +
362 +== 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
363 +
364 +
365 +* In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
366 +
367 +* In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
368 +
369 +Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
370 +
371 +
372 += 6. Data Rate and TXP auto-adjust logic. =
373 +
374 +In below cases the sensor end node will auto-adjust. (ADR must set to 1)
375 +
376 +* Auto-just according to the server ADR request change downlink command.
377 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 64 uplinks, end node will set the output to maximum power (AT+TXP=0).
378 +* If there is no adr_req_ack arrive the sensor end node for more than 96 uplinks, end node will reduce the Data Rate by 1.
379 +
380 +
381 +
382 +

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