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From version < 8.1 >
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1 - **Contents:**
1 +**Table of Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 +
6 6  = 1. Introduction =
7 7  
9 +
8 8  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
9 9  
10 10  * No internet connection.
11 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
13 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
12 12  
13 13  (((
14 14  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
... ... @@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
18 18  1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
19 19  1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
20 20  
23 +
24 +
25 +
21 21  = 2. How it works =
22 22  
23 23  
... ... @@ -28,13 +28,15 @@
28 28  
29 29  (% class="box infomessage" %)
30 30  (((
31 -AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
36 +**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
32 32  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
33 -AT+DADDR=2602111D
38 +AT+DADDR=2602111D**
34 34  )))
35 35  
36 36  (((
37 37  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
43 +
44 +
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
46 46  
47 47  == 2.1 Upstream ==
48 48  
56 +
49 49  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
50 50  
51 51  (((
... ... @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
54 54  
55 55  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
56 56  
57 -LG308 log by "logread -f" command
65 +LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
58 58  
59 59  
60 60  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -67,10 +67,13 @@
67 67  000001c
68 68  )))
69 69  
70 -* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 -* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 -* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
78 +* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
79 +* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
80 +* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
73 73  
82 +
83 +
84 +
74 74  (% class="box" %)
75 75  (((
76 76  (% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
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83 83  
84 84  (% class="box" %)
85 85  (((
86 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
97 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
87 87  )))
88 88  
89 89  
90 90  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
91 91  
103 +
92 92  The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
93 93  
94 94  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
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101 101  000001c
102 102  )))
103 103  
116 +
104 104  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
105 105  
106 106  (% class="box" %)
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110 110  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
111 111  )))
112 112  
126 +
113 113  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
114 114  
115 115  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -123,21 +123,27 @@
123 123  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
124 124  
125 125  
140 +
126 126  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
127 127  
128 -1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
129 129  
130 -2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
144 +**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
131 131  
132 -3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
146 +**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
133 133  
134 -4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
148 +**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
135 135  
150 +**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
151 +
136 136  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
137 137  }}}
138 138  
139 -5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
155 +**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
140 140  
157 +
158 +(% style="color:red" %)
159 +**Some notice:**
160 +
141 141  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
142 142  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
143 143  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
... ... @@ -147,8 +147,11 @@
147 147  
148 148  
149 149  
170 +
171 +
150 150  == 2.2 Downstream ==
151 151  
174 +
152 152  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
153 153  
154 154  The file should use below format:
... ... @@ -159,30 +159,31 @@
159 159  
160 160  (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
161 161  
162 -* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
163 -* imme/time:
185 +* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
186 +* **imme/time:**
164 164  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
165 165  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
166 -* txt/hex:
189 +* **txt/hex:**
167 167  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
168 168  ** hex: send payload in HEX
169 -* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
170 -* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
171 -* txbw: bandwidth:
192 +* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
193 +* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
194 +* **txbw:** bandwidth:
172 172  ** 1: 500 kHz
173 173  ** 2: 250 kHz
174 174  ** 3: 125 kHz
175 175  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
176 -* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
177 -* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
178 -* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
199 +* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
200 +* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
201 +* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
179 179  
180 -Completely exmaple:
181 181  
182 -* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
183 -* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
204 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
184 184  
206 +* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
207 +* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
185 185  
209 +
186 186  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
187 187  
188 188  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
... ... @@ -203,26 +203,20 @@
203 203  (((
204 204  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
205 205  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
206 -)))
207 207  
208 -(% class="box" %)
209 -(((
210 -1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
231 +
232 +**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
211 211  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
212 212  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
213 213  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
214 -)))
215 215  
216 -(% class="box" %)
217 -(((
218 -2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
237 +
238 +**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
219 219  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
220 220  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
221 -)))
222 222  
223 -(% class="box" %)
224 -(((
225 -3) and the end node will got:
242 +
243 +**3)** and the end node will got:
226 226  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
227 227  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
228 228  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -234,11 +234,9 @@
234 234  Rssi= -41
235 235  Receive data
236 236  (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
237 -)))
238 238  
239 -(% class="box" %)
240 -(((
241 -4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
256 +
257 +**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
242 242  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
243 243  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
244 244  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -255,11 +255,12 @@
255 255  
256 256  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
257 257  
274 +
258 258  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
259 259  
260 260  (% class="box" %)
261 261  (((
262 -#!/bin/sh
279 +//#!/bin/sh
263 263  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
264 264  #
265 265  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -292,26 +292,28 @@
292 292  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
293 293  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
294 294  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
295 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
312 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
296 296  )))
297 297  
298 -~1. Input keys
299 299  
316 +**~1. Input keys**
317 +
300 300  [[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
301 301  
302 302  Input Keys in LPS8
303 303  
304 304  
305 -2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
323 +**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
306 306  
307 -3. Choose Built-in server
308 308  
326 +**3. Choose Built-in server**
327 +
309 309  [[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
310 310  
311 311  Choose Built-in server
312 312  
313 313  
314 -4. Run the script.
333 +**4. Run the script.**
315 315  
316 316  [[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
317 317  
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318 318  Run the script
319 319  
320 320  
321 -5. Output:
340 +**5. Output:**
322 322  
323 323  [[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
324 324  
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327 327  
328 328  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
329 329  
330 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
331 331  
350 +[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
351 +
332 332  Network Structure
333 333  
334 334  
... ... @@ -335,34 +335,42 @@
335 335  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
336 336  
337 337  
338 -(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
358 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
339 339  
340 -(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
341 341  
361 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
362 +
363 +
342 342  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
343 343  
344 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
366 +[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
345 345  
346 346  Input Keys in LPS8
347 347  
348 -run socket tool in PC
349 349  
350 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
351 351  
372 +**run socket tool in PC**
373 +
374 +[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
375 +
376 +
352 352  Socket tool
353 353  
354 354  
355 -Input Server address and port
356 356  
357 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
381 +**Input Server address and port**
358 358  
383 +[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
384 +
359 359  Input Server address and port
360 360  
361 361  
362 -See value receive in socket tool. :
363 363  
364 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
389 +**See value receive in socket tool:**
365 365  
391 +[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
392 +
366 366  value receive in socket tool
367 367  
395 +
368 368  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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