Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/04/20 18:14
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From version < 3.7 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/27 16:22
To version < 16.4 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/22 11:45
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1 - **Contents:**
1 +**Table of Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 +
6 6  = 1. Introduction =
7 7  
9 +
8 8  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
9 9  
10 10  * No internet connection.
11 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
13 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
12 12  
13 13  (((
14 14  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
... ... @@ -28,13 +28,15 @@
28 28  
29 29  (% class="box infomessage" %)
30 30  (((
31 -AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
33 +**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
32 32  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
33 -AT+DADDR=2602111D
35 +AT+DADDR=2602111D**
34 34  )))
35 35  
36 36  (((
37 37  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
40 +
41 +
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
46 46  
47 47  == 2.1 Upstream ==
48 48  
53 +
49 49  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
50 50  
51 51  (((
... ... @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
54 54  
55 55  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
56 56  
57 -LG308 log by "logread -f" command
62 +LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
58 58  
59 59  
60 60  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -67,9 +67,9 @@
67 67  000001c
68 68  )))
69 69  
70 -* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 -* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 -* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
75 +* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
76 +* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
77 +* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
73 73  
74 74  (% class="box" %)
75 75  (((
... ... @@ -83,12 +83,13 @@
83 83  
84 84  (% class="box" %)
85 85  (((
86 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
91 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
87 87  )))
88 88  
89 89  
90 90  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
91 91  
97 +
92 92  The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
93 93  
94 94  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
... ... @@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
101 101  000001c
102 102  )))
103 103  
110 +
104 104  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
105 105  
106 106  (% class="box" %)
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110 110  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
111 111  )))
112 112  
120 +
113 113  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
114 114  
115 115  (% class="box" %)
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123 123  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
124 124  
125 125  
134 +
126 126  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
127 127  
128 -1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
129 129  
130 -2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
138 +**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
131 131  
132 -3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
140 +**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
133 133  
134 -4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
142 +**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
135 135  
144 +**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
145 +
136 136  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
137 137  }}}
138 138  
139 -5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
149 +**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
140 140  
151 +
152 +(% style="color:red" %)
153 +**Some notice:**
154 +
141 141  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
142 142  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
143 143  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
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145 145  * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT
146 146  * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send.
147 147  
162 +
148 148  == 2.2 Downstream ==
149 149  
165 +
150 150  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
151 151  
152 152  The file should use below format:
... ... @@ -157,30 +157,33 @@
157 157  
158 158  (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
159 159  
160 -* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
161 -* imme/time:
176 +* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
177 +* **imme/time:**
162 162  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
163 163  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
164 -* txt/hex:
180 +* **txt/hex:**
165 165  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
166 166  ** hex: send payload in HEX
167 -* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
168 -* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
169 -* txbw: bandwidth:
183 +* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
184 +* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
185 +* **txbw:** bandwidth:
170 170  ** 1: 500 kHz
171 171  ** 2: 250 kHz
172 172  ** 3: 125 kHz
173 173  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
174 -* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
175 -* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
176 -* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
190 +* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
191 +* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
192 +* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
177 177  
178 -Completely exmaple:
179 179  
180 -* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
181 -* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
182 182  
196 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
183 183  
198 +* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
199 +* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
200 +
201 +
202 +
184 184  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
185 185  
186 186  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
... ... @@ -195,6 +195,7 @@
195 195  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
196 196  
197 197  
217 +
198 198  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
199 199  
200 200  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -201,26 +201,20 @@
201 201  (((
202 202  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
203 203  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
204 -)))
205 205  
206 -(% class="box" %)
207 -(((
208 -1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
225 +
226 +**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
209 209  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
210 210  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
211 211  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
212 -)))
213 213  
214 -(% class="box" %)
215 -(((
216 -2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
231 +
232 +**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
217 217  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
218 218  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
219 -)))
220 220  
221 -(% class="box" %)
222 -(((
223 -3) and the end node will got:
236 +
237 +**3)** and the end node will got:
224 224  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
225 225  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
226 226  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -231,12 +231,10 @@
231 231  [5767501]rxDone
232 232  Rssi= -41
233 233  Receive data
234 -**(% style="color:#037691" %)2:12345678**  (%%)  ~-~-> Hex
235 -)))
248 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
236 236  
237 -(% class="box" %)
238 -(((
239 -4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
250 +
251 +**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
240 240  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
241 241  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
242 242  Update Interval: 60000 ms
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247 247  [5958595]rxDone
248 248  Rssi= -37
249 249  Receive data
250 -**(% style="color:#037691" %)2:3132333435363738**(%%) ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
262 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%) ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
263 +
264 +
251 251  )))
252 252  
267 +
253 253  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
254 254  
270 +
255 255  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
256 256  
257 257  (% class="box" %)
258 258  (((
259 -#!/bin/sh
275 +//#!/bin/sh
260 260  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
261 261  #
262 262  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -289,40 +289,44 @@
289 289  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
290 290  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
291 291  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
292 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
308 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
293 293  )))
294 294  
295 -~1. Input keys
311 +**~1. Input keys**
296 296  
297 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
313 +[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
298 298  
299 299  Input Keys in LPS8
300 300  
301 -2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
302 302  
303 -3. Choose Built-in server
318 +**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
304 304  
305 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]]
320 +**3. Choose Built-in server**
306 306  
322 +[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
323 +
307 307  Choose Built-in server
308 308  
309 -4. Run the script.
310 310  
311 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]]
327 +**4. Run the script.**
312 312  
329 +[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
330 +
313 313  Run the script
314 314  
315 -5. Output:
316 316  
317 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]]
334 +**5. Output:**
318 318  
336 +[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
337 +
319 319  Output from LPS8
320 320  
321 321  
322 322  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
323 323  
324 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
325 325  
344 +[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
345 +
326 326  Network Structure
327 327  
328 328  
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329 329  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
330 330  
331 331  
332 -(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
352 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
333 333  
334 -(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
335 335  
355 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
356 +
357 +
336 336  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
337 337  
338 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
360 +[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
339 339  
340 340  Input Keys in LPS8
341 341  
342 -run socket tool in PC
343 343  
344 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
345 345  
366 +**run socket tool in PC**
367 +
368 +[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
369 +
370 +
346 346  Socket tool
347 347  
348 348  
349 -Input Server address and port
350 350  
351 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
375 +**Input Server address and port**
352 352  
377 +[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
378 +
353 353  Input Server address and port
354 354  
355 355  
356 -See value receive in socket tool. :
357 357  
358 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
383 +**See value receive in socket tool:**
359 359  
385 +[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
386 +
360 360  value receive in socket tool
361 361  
389 +
362 362  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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