Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/04/20 18:14
<
From version < 3.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/27 16:11
To version < 15.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/22 11:33
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1 - **Contents:**
1 +**Table of Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 +
6 6  = 1. Introduction =
7 7  
9 +
8 8  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
9 9  
10 10  * No internet connection.
11 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
13 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
12 12  
13 13  (((
14 14  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
... ... @@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
18 18  1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
19 19  1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
20 20  
23 +
24 +
25 +
21 21  = 2. How it works =
22 22  
23 23  
... ... @@ -28,13 +28,15 @@
28 28  
29 29  (% class="box infomessage" %)
30 30  (((
31 -AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
36 +**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
32 32  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
33 -AT+DADDR=2602111D
38 +AT+DADDR=2602111D**
34 34  )))
35 35  
36 36  (((
37 37  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
43 +
44 +
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
46 46  
47 47  == 2.1 Upstream ==
48 48  
56 +
49 49  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
50 50  
51 51  (((
... ... @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
54 54  
55 55  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
56 56  
57 -LG308 log by "logread -f" command
65 +LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
58 58  
59 59  
60 60  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -62,19 +62,19 @@
62 62  (% class="box" %)
63 63  (((
64 64  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
65 -0000000 (% class="mark" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
66 -0000010 (% class="mark" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
73 +0000000 (% style="color:#037691" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
74 +0000010 (% style="color:#037691" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
67 67  000001c
68 68  )))
69 69  
70 -* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 -* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 -* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
78 +* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
79 +* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
80 +* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
73 73  
74 74  (% class="box" %)
75 75  (((
76 -(% class="mark" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
77 -in LGT92, use **AT+SEND=12**:hello world to send ASCII string
84 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
85 +in LGT92, use (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SEND=12:hello world** (%%)to send ASCII string
78 78  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
79 79  0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546
80 80  0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400      ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world"    
... ... @@ -83,13 +83,15 @@
83 83  
84 84  (% class="box" %)
85 85  (((
86 -(% class="mark" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
94 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
87 87  )))
88 88  
97 +
89 89  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
90 90  
91 -The decode methods: **ASCII String, Decode_LHT65** doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
92 92  
101 +The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
102 +
93 93  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
94 94  
95 95  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -100,6 +100,7 @@
100 100  000001c
101 101  )))
102 102  
113 +
103 103  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
104 104  
105 105  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -106,9 +106,10 @@
106 106  (((
107 107  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
108 108  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII
109 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00
120 +Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
110 110  )))
111 111  
123 +
112 112  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
113 113  
114 114  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -115,15 +115,17 @@
115 115  (((
116 116  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
117 117  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65
118 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
119 -"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}
130 +Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]:** (% style="color:#037691" %){"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
131 +"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}(%%)**
120 120  )))
121 121  
122 122  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
123 123  
124 124  
137 +
125 125  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
126 126  
140 +
127 127  1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
128 128  
129 129  2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
... ... @@ -144,43 +144,49 @@
144 144  * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT
145 145  * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send.
146 146  
161 +
162 +
147 147  == 2.2 Downstream ==
148 148  
165 +
149 149  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
150 150  
151 151  The file should use below format:
152 152  
153 -(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
170 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
154 154  
155 155  Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option
156 156  
157 -(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
174 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
158 158  
159 -* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
160 -* imme/time:
176 +* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
177 +* **imme/time:**
161 161  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
162 162  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
163 -* txt/hex:
180 +* **txt/hex:**
164 164  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
165 165  ** hex: send payload in HEX
166 -* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
167 -* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
168 -* txbw: bandwidth:
183 +* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
184 +* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
185 +* **txbw:** bandwidth:
169 169  ** 1: 500 kHz
170 170  ** 2: 250 kHz
171 171  ** 3: 125 kHz
172 172  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
173 -* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
174 -* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
175 -* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
190 +* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
191 +* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
192 +* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
176 176  
177 -Completely exmaple:
178 178  
179 -* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
180 -* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
181 181  
182 -(% class="mark" %)**Downstream Frequency**
196 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
183 183  
198 +* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
199 +* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
200 +
201 +
202 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
203 +
184 184  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
185 185  
186 186  * EU868: 869.525Mhz, DR0(SF12BW125)
... ... @@ -192,8 +192,9 @@
192 192  * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125
193 193  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
194 194  
195 -(% class="mark" %)**Examples:**
196 196  
216 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
217 +
197 197  (% class="box" %)
198 198  (((
199 199  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
... ... @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
202 202  
203 203  (% class="box" %)
204 204  (((
205 -1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
226 +**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
206 206  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
207 207  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
208 208  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
... ... @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
210 210  
211 211  (% class="box" %)
212 212  (((
213 -2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
234 +**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
214 214  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
215 215  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
216 216  )))
... ... @@ -217,7 +217,7 @@
217 217  
218 218  (% class="box" %)
219 219  (((
220 -3) and the end node will got:
241 +**3)** and the end node will got:
221 221  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
222 222  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
223 223  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -228,12 +228,12 @@
228 228  [5767501]rxDone
229 229  Rssi= -41
230 230  Receive data
231 -2:12345678    ~-~-> Hex
252 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
232 232  )))
233 233  
234 234  (% class="box" %)
235 235  (((
236 -4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
257 +**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
237 237  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
238 238  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
239 239  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -244,16 +244,18 @@
244 244  [5958595]rxDone
245 245  Rssi= -37
246 246  Receive data
247 -2:3132333435363738 ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
268 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%) ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
248 248  )))
249 249  
271 +
250 250  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
251 251  
274 +
252 252  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
253 253  
254 254  (% class="box" %)
255 255  (((
256 -#!/bin/sh
279 +//#!/bin/sh
257 257  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
258 258  #
259 259  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -286,40 +286,44 @@
286 286  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
287 287  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
288 288  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
289 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
312 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
290 290  )))
291 291  
292 -~1. Input keys
315 +**~1. Input keys**
293 293  
294 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
317 +[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
295 295  
296 296  Input Keys in LPS8
297 297  
298 -2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
299 299  
300 -3. Choose Built-in server
322 +**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
301 301  
302 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]]
324 +**3. Choose Built-in server**
303 303  
326 +[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
327 +
304 304  Choose Built-in server
305 305  
306 -4. Run the script.
307 307  
308 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]]
331 +**4. Run the script.**
309 309  
333 +[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
334 +
310 310  Run the script
311 311  
312 -5. Output:
313 313  
314 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]]
338 +**5. Output:**
315 315  
340 +[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
341 +
316 316  Output from LPS8
317 317  
318 318  
319 319  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
320 320  
321 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
322 322  
348 +[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
349 +
323 323  Network Structure
324 324  
325 325  
... ... @@ -326,34 +326,42 @@
326 326  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
327 327  
328 328  
329 -(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
356 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
330 330  
331 -(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
332 332  
359 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
360 +
361 +
333 333  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
334 334  
335 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
364 +[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
336 336  
337 337  Input Keys in LPS8
338 338  
339 -run socket tool in PC
340 340  
341 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
342 342  
370 +**run socket tool in PC**
371 +
372 +[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
373 +
374 +
343 343  Socket tool
344 344  
345 345  
346 -Input Server address and port
347 347  
348 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
379 +**Input Server address and port**
349 349  
381 +[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
382 +
350 350  Input Server address and port
351 351  
352 352  
353 -See value receive in socket tool. :
354 354  
355 -[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
387 +**See value receive in socket tool:**
356 356  
389 +[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
390 +
357 357  value receive in socket tool
358 358  
393 +
359 359  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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