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Last modified by Xiaoling on 2025/07/31 15:09
From version 21.6
edited by Xiaoling
on 2025/07/31 15:00
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 15.2
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/22 11:33
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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10 10  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
11 11  
12 12  * No internet connection.
13 -
14 14  * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
15 15  
16 16  (((
... ... @@ -17,14 +17,13 @@
17 17  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
18 18  )))
19 19  
20 -* LoRaWAN End Node in ABP mode. Make sure your end node works in this mode. End node most are default set to OTAA mode
19 +1. LoRaWAN End Node in ABP mode. Make sure your end node works in this mode. End node most are default set to OTAA mode
20 +1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
21 +1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
21 21  
22 -* LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[DLOS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/225-dlos8n.html]], [[LPS8N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/200-lps8n.html]], [[LG308N>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/229-lg308n.html]]
23 23  
24 -* Firmware version for below instruction:  **[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
25 25  
26 26  
27 -
28 28  = 2. How it works =
29 29  
30 30  
... ... @@ -48,10 +48,8 @@
48 48  
49 49  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
50 50  
51 -
52 52  [[image:image-20220527161119-1.png]]
53 53  
54 -
55 55  Input the ABP keys in LG308
56 56  
57 57  
... ... @@ -61,18 +61,14 @@
61 61  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
62 62  
63 63  (((
64 -We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive.
65 -
66 -
60 +We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive
67 67  )))
68 68  
69 69  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
70 70  
65 +LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
71 71  
72 -LG308N log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
73 73  
74 -
75 -
76 76  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
77 77  
78 78  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -84,9 +84,7 @@
84 84  )))
85 85  
86 86  * **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
87 -
88 88  * **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
89 -
90 90  * **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
91 91  
92 92  (% class="box" %)
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99 99  000001c
100 100  )))
101 101  
102 -
103 -
104 104  (% class="box" %)
105 105  (((
106 106  (% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
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146 146  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
147 147  
148 148  
137 +
149 149  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
150 150  
151 151  
152 -**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
141 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
153 153  
154 -**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
143 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
155 155  
156 -**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
145 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
157 157  
158 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
147 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
159 159  
160 160  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
161 161  }}}
162 162  
163 -**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
152 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
164 164  
165 -
166 -(% style="color:red" %)
167 -**Some notice:**
168 -
169 169  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
170 -
171 171  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
172 -
173 173  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
174 -
175 175  * Lua json module: [[http:~~/~~/json.luaforge.net/>>url:http://json.luaforge.net/]]
176 -
177 177  * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT
178 -
179 179  * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send.
180 180  
181 181  
... ... @@ -189,25 +189,19 @@
189 189  
190 190  (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
191 191  
172 +Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option
192 192  
193 -Since fimware > [[Dragino lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1668567157>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/Release/]] . Support more option
174 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
194 194  
195 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow,Fport**
196 -
197 197  * **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
198 -
199 199  * **imme/time:**
200 200  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
201 201  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
202 -
203 203  * **txt/hex:**
204 204  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
205 205  ** hex: send payload in HEX
206 -
207 207  * **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
208 -
209 209  * **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
210 -
211 211  * **txbw:** bandwidth:
212 212  ** 1: 500 kHz
213 213  ** 2: 250 kHz
... ... @@ -214,41 +214,31 @@
214 214  ** 3: 125 kHz
215 215  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
216 216  * **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
217 -
218 218  * **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
219 -
220 220  * **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
221 221  
222 -* **Fport: **Transmit port,example:8
223 223  
195 +
224 224  (% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
225 225  
226 226  * **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
199 +* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
227 227  
228 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2,8 > /var/iot/push/test
229 229  
230 -Downstream(% style="color:#037691" %)** Frequency:**
202 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
231 231  
232 232  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
233 233  
234 234  * EU868: 869.525Mhz, DR0(SF12BW125)
235 -
236 236  * US915: 923.3Mhz, SF12 BW500
237 -
238 238  * CN470: 505.3Mhz, SF12 BW125
239 -
240 240  * AU915: 923.3Mhz, SF12 BW500
241 -
242 242  * AS923: 923.2Mhz, SF10 BW125
243 -
244 244  * KR920: 921.9Mhz, SF12 BW125
245 -
246 246  * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125
247 -
248 248  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
249 249  
250 250  
251 -
252 252  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
253 253  
254 254  (% class="box" %)
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255 255  (((
256 256  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
257 257  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
222 +)))
258 258  
259 -
224 +(% class="box" %)
225 +(((
260 260  **1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
261 261  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
262 262  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
263 263  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
230 +)))
264 264  
265 -
232 +(% class="box" %)
233 +(((
266 266  **2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
267 267  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
268 268  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
237 +)))
269 269  
270 -
239 +(% class="box" %)
240 +(((
271 271  **3)** and the end node will got:
272 272  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
273 273  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
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280 280  Rssi= -41
281 281  Receive data
282 282  (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
253 +)))
283 283  
284 -
255 +(% class="box" %)
256 +(((
285 285  **4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
286 286  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
287 287  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
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340 340  #  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
341 341  )))
342 342  
315 +**~1. Input keys**
343 343  
344 -(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Input keys**
345 -
346 -
347 347  [[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
348 348  
349 349  Input Keys in LPS8
350 350  
351 351  
322 +**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
352 352  
353 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
324 +**3. Choose Built-in server**
354 354  
355 -
356 -(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Choose Built-in server**
357 -
358 -
359 359  [[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
360 360  
361 361  Choose Built-in server
362 362  
363 363  
331 +**4. Run the script.**
364 364  
365 -(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Run the script.**
333 +[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
366 366  
367 -
368 -[[image:image-20220722115213-2.png]]
369 -
370 370  Run the script
371 371  
372 372  
338 +**5. Output:**
373 373  
374 -(% style="color:blue" %)**5. Output:**
340 +[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
375 375  
376 -
377 -[[image:image-20220722115133-1.png]]
378 -
379 379  Output from LPS8
380 380  
381 381  
... ... @@ -389,9 +389,9 @@
389 389  
390 390  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
391 391  
355 +
392 392  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
393 393  
394 -(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
395 395  
396 396  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
397 397  
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404 404  
405 405  
406 406  
407 -(% style="color:blue" %)**run socket tool in PC**
370 +**run socket tool in PC**
408 408  
409 -
410 410  [[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
411 411  
412 412  
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414 414  
415 415  
416 416  
417 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Input Server address and port**
379 +**Input Server address and port**
418 418  
419 -
420 420  [[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
421 421  
422 422  Input Server address and port
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423 423  
424 424  
425 425  
426 -(% style="color:blue" %)**See value receive in socket tool:**
387 +**See value receive in socket tool:**
427 427  
389 +[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
428 428  
429 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png||height="502" width="1371"]]
430 -
431 431  value receive in socket tool
432 432  
433 433  
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