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... ... @@ -1,16 +1,14 @@ 1 -** Table ofContents:**1 + **Contents:** 2 2 3 3 {{toc/}} 4 4 5 5 6 - 7 7 = 1. Introduction = 8 8 9 - 10 10 The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as: 11 11 12 12 * No internet connection. 13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT 11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]). 14 14 15 15 ((( 16 16 The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements: ... ... @@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ 20 20 1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]] 21 21 1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)** 22 22 23 - 24 - 25 25 = 2. How it works = 26 26 27 27 ... ... @@ -32,62 +32,53 @@ 32 32 33 33 (% class="box infomessage" %) 34 34 ((( 35 - **AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df 36 36 AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33 37 -AT+DADDR=2602111D **33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D 38 38 ))) 39 39 40 40 ((( 41 41 and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92. 42 - 43 - 44 44 ))) 45 45 46 46 We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption. 47 47 42 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/5/55/LG308_MQTT_1.png/600px-LG308_MQTT_1.png||height="329" width="600"]] 48 48 49 -[[image:image-20220527161119-1.png]] 50 - 51 - 52 52 Input the ABP keys in LG308 53 53 54 54 55 55 == 2.1 Upstream == 56 56 57 - 58 58 Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308. 59 59 60 60 ((( 61 -We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive. 62 - 63 - 52 +We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive 64 64 ))) 65 65 66 -[[image:image -20220527161149-2.png]]55 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/16/ABP_DECODE_2.png/600px-ABP_DECODE_2.png||height="205" width="600"]] 67 67 57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command 68 68 69 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command 70 70 71 - 72 - 73 73 The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it. 74 74 75 75 (% class="box" %) 76 76 ((( 77 77 root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 78 -0000000 (% style="color:#037691" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%) ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR79 -0000010 (% style="color:#037691" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload65 +0000000 (% class="mark" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%) ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR 66 +0000010 (% class="mark" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload 80 80 000001c 81 81 ))) 82 82 83 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -9784 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.585 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff0070 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97 71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5 72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 86 86 87 87 (% class="box" %) 88 88 ((( 89 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:90 -in LGT92, use (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SEND=12:hello world**(%%)to send ASCII string76 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below: 77 +in LGT92, use **AT+SEND=12**:hello world to send ASCII string 91 91 root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 92 92 0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546 93 93 0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400 ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world" ... ... @@ -94,18 +94,15 @@ 94 94 000001c 95 95 ))) 96 96 97 - 98 98 (% class="box" %) 99 99 ((( 100 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.86 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload. 101 101 ))) 102 102 103 - 104 104 === 2.2.1 Decode Method === 105 105 91 +The decode methods: **ASCII String, Decode_LHT65** doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent. 106 106 107 -The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent. 108 - 109 109 For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are: 110 110 111 111 (% class="box" %) ... ... @@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ 116 116 000001c 117 117 ))) 118 118 119 - 120 120 If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data: 121 121 122 122 (% class="box" %) ... ... @@ -123,10 +123,9 @@ 123 123 ((( 124 124 Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 125 125 Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII 126 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**109 +Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00 127 127 ))) 128 128 129 - 130 130 If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data 131 131 132 132 (% class="box" %) ... ... @@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ 133 133 ((( 134 134 Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 135 135 Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65 136 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: **(% style="color:#037691" %){"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,137 -"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0} (%%)**118 +Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9, 119 +"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0} 138 138 ))) 139 139 140 140 Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI. ... ... @@ -142,24 +142,19 @@ 142 142 143 143 === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node === 144 144 127 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI 145 145 146 - **1.**ConfiguretheABP keys for yourendnodein thegateway.enable ABP decode inWeb UI129 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN. 147 147 148 - **2.**Don'tchooseMQTTservice,useLoRaWAN.131 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR 149 149 150 - **3.**Whenyourendnodesendamessage tothegateway,therewill beafilestore in/var/iot/channels.fullpath shouldbe /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR133 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running: 151 151 152 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running: 153 - 154 154 {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR 155 155 }}} 156 156 157 - **5.**What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.138 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice: 158 158 159 - 160 -(% style="color:red" %) 161 -**Some notice:** 162 - 163 163 * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field. 164 164 * If you rename the file, please make it executable. 165 165 * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]] ... ... @@ -167,47 +167,42 @@ 167 167 * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT 168 168 * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send. 169 169 170 - 171 - 172 172 == 2.2 Downstream == 173 173 174 - 175 175 In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used 176 176 177 177 The file should use below format: 178 178 179 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**153 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload** 180 180 155 +Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option 181 181 182 - Sincefimware> [[Dragino lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1668567157>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/Release/]] . Support moreoption157 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow** 183 183 184 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow,Fport** 185 - 186 -* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address 187 -* **imme/time:** 159 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address 160 +* imme/time: 188 188 ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node. 189 189 ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node 190 -* **txt/hex:**163 +* txt/hex: 191 191 ** txt: send payload in ASCII 192 192 ** hex: send payload in HEX 193 -* **payload:**payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.194 -* **txpw:**Transmit Power. example: 20195 -* **txbw:**bandwidth:166 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement. 167 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20 168 +* txbw: bandwidth: 196 196 ** 1: 500 kHz 197 197 ** 2: 250 kHz 198 198 ** 3: 125 kHz 199 199 ** 4: 62.5 kHz 200 -* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12 201 -* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000 202 -* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window. 203 -* **Fport: **Transmit port,example:8 173 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12 174 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000 175 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window. 204 204 205 - (% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**177 +Completely exmaple: 206 206 207 -* **Old version:**echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test208 -* **New version:**echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2,8> /var/iot/push/test179 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test 180 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test 209 209 210 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency:**182 +(% class="mark" %)**Downstream Frequency** 211 211 212 212 The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below: 213 213 ... ... @@ -220,26 +220,32 @@ 220 220 * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125 221 221 * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125 222 222 223 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**195 +(% class="mark" %)**Examples:** 224 224 225 225 (% class="box" %) 226 226 ((( 227 227 we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream. 228 228 root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test 201 +))) 229 229 230 - 231 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning. 203 +(% class="box" %) 204 +((( 205 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning. 232 232 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test 233 233 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90 234 234 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems). 209 +))) 235 235 236 - 237 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows: 211 +(% class="box" %) 212 +((( 213 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows: 238 238 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000) 239 239 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17 216 +))) 240 240 241 - 242 -**3)** and the end node will got: 218 +(% class="box" %) 219 +((( 220 +3) and the end node will got: 243 243 [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~** 244 244 [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0 245 245 Update Interval: 60000 ms ... ... @@ -250,10 +250,12 @@ 250 250 [5767501]rxDone 251 251 Rssi= -41 252 252 Receive data 253 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678** (%%) ~-~-> Hex 231 +2:12345678 ~-~-> Hex 232 +))) 254 254 255 - 256 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got: 234 +(% class="box" %) 235 +((( 236 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got: 257 257 [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~** 258 258 [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0 259 259 Update Interval: 60000 ms ... ... @@ -264,18 +264,16 @@ 264 264 [5958595]rxDone 265 265 Rssi= -37 266 266 Receive data 267 - (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%)~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"247 +2:3132333435363738 ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678" 268 268 ))) 269 269 270 - 271 271 = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L = 272 272 273 - 274 274 Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]] 275 275 276 276 (% class="box" %) 277 277 ((( 278 - //#!/bin/sh256 +#!/bin/sh 279 279 # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server 280 280 # 281 281 # Hardware Prepare: ... ... @@ -308,53 +308,40 @@ 308 308 # Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 309 309 # Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 310 310 # So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm 311 -# whether the Device 2 has been changed. //289 +# whether the Device 2 has been changed. 312 312 ))) 313 313 292 +~1. Input keys 314 314 315 - (% style="color:blue" %)**1.Inputkeys**294 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]] 316 316 317 - 318 -[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]] 319 - 320 320 Input Keys in LPS8 321 321 298 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test. 322 322 300 +3. Choose Built-in server 323 323 324 - (% style="color:blue" %)**2.MakeuretheLPS8andLTuse the same frequency bands, chooseEU868inthis test.**302 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]] 325 325 326 - 327 -(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Choose Built-in server** 328 - 329 - 330 -[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]] 331 - 332 332 Choose Built-in server 333 333 306 +4. Run the script. 334 334 308 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]] 335 335 336 -(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Run the script.** 337 - 338 - 339 -[[image:image-20220722115213-2.png]] 340 - 341 341 Run the script 342 342 312 +5. Output: 343 343 314 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]] 344 344 345 -(% style="color:blue" %)**5. Output:** 346 - 347 - 348 -[[image:image-20220722115133-1.png]] 349 - 350 350 Output from LPS8 351 351 352 352 353 353 = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server = 354 354 321 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]] 355 355 356 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]] 357 - 358 358 Network Structure 359 359 360 360 ... ... @@ -361,45 +361,34 @@ 361 361 Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here: 362 362 363 363 364 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%):**[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**329 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]] 365 365 331 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907** 366 366 367 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907** 368 - 369 - 370 370 Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway: 371 371 372 -[[image:image-2 0220527162852-8.png]]335 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]] 373 373 374 374 Input Keys in LPS8 375 375 339 +run socket tool in PC 376 376 341 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]] 377 377 378 -(% style="color:blue" %)**run socket tool in PC** 379 - 380 - 381 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]] 382 - 383 - 384 384 Socket tool 385 385 386 386 346 +Input Server address and port 387 387 388 - (% style="color:blue" %)**InputServeraddress and port**348 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]] 389 389 390 - 391 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]] 392 - 393 393 Input Server address and port 394 394 395 395 353 +See value receive in socket tool. : 396 396 397 - (% style="color:blue" %)**See valuereceiveinsocket tool:**355 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]] 398 398 399 - 400 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]] 401 - 402 402 value receive in socket tool 403 403 404 - 405 405 If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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