Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/04/20 18:14
<
From version < 21.1 >
edited by Kilight Cao
on 2022/12/01 14:01
To version < 1.14 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/27 16:10
>
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Summary

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Kilight
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Content
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1 -**Table of Contents:**
1 + **Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 -
7 7  = 1. Introduction =
8 8  
9 -
10 10  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
11 11  
12 12  * No internet connection.
13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
14 14  
15 15  (((
16 16  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
... ... @@ -30,63 +30,53 @@
30 30  
31 31  (% class="box infomessage" %)
32 32  (((
33 -**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
34 34  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
35 -AT+DADDR=2602111D**
33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D
36 36  )))
37 37  
38 38  (((
39 39  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
40 -
41 -
42 42  )))
43 43  
44 44  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
45 45  
42 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/5/55/LG308_MQTT_1.png/600px-LG308_MQTT_1.png||height="329" width="600"]]
46 46  
47 -[[image:image-20220527161119-1.png]]
48 -
49 -
50 50  Input the ABP keys in LG308
51 51  
52 52  
53 -
54 54  == 2.1 Upstream ==
55 55  
56 -
57 57  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
58 58  
59 59  (((
60 -We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive.
61 -
62 -
52 +We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive
63 63  )))
64 64  
65 -[[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
55 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/16/ABP_DECODE_2.png/600px-ABP_DECODE_2.png||height="205" width="600"]]
66 66  
57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command
67 67  
68 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
69 69  
70 -
71 -
72 72  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
73 73  
74 74  (% class="box" %)
75 75  (((
76 76  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
77 -0000000 (% style="color:#037691" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
78 -0000010 (% style="color:#037691" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
65 +0000000 (% class="mark" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
66 +0000010 (% class="mark" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
79 79  000001c
80 80  )))
81 81  
82 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
83 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
84 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
70 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
85 85  
86 86  (% class="box" %)
87 87  (((
88 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
89 -in LGT92, use (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SEND=12:hello world** (%%)to send ASCII string
76 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
77 +in LGT92, use **AT+SEND=12**:hello world to send ASCII string
90 90  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
91 91  0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546
92 92  0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400      ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world"    
... ... @@ -93,19 +93,15 @@
93 93  000001c
94 94  )))
95 95  
96 -
97 97  (% class="box" %)
98 98  (((
99 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
86 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
100 100  )))
101 101  
102 -
103 -
104 104  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
105 105  
91 +The decode methods: **ASCII String, Decode_LHT65** doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
106 106  
107 -The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
108 -
109 109  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
110 110  
111 111  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -116,7 +116,6 @@
116 116  000001c
117 117  )))
118 118  
119 -
120 120  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
121 121  
122 122  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -123,10 +123,9 @@
123 123  (((
124 124  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
125 125  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII
126 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
109 +Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00
127 127  )))
128 128  
129 -
130 130  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
131 131  
132 132  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -133,34 +133,28 @@
133 133  (((
134 134  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
135 135  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65
136 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]:** (% style="color:#037691" %){"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
137 -"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}(%%)**
118 +Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
119 +"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}
138 138  )))
139 139  
140 140  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
141 141  
142 142  
143 -
144 144  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
145 145  
127 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
146 146  
147 -**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
129 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
148 148  
149 -**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
131 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
150 150  
151 -**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
133 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
152 152  
153 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
154 -
155 155  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
156 156  }}}
157 157  
158 -**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
138 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
159 159  
160 -
161 -(% style="color:red" %)
162 -**Some notice:**
163 -
164 164  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
165 165  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
166 166  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
... ... @@ -170,43 +170,40 @@
170 170  
171 171  == 2.2 Downstream ==
172 172  
173 -
174 174  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
175 175  
176 176  The file should use below format:
177 177  
178 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
153 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
179 179  
155 +Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option
180 180  
181 -Since fimware > [[Dragino lgw~~-~~-build-v5.4.1668567157>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/Release/]] . Support more option
157 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
182 182  
183 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow,Fport**
184 -
185 -* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
186 -* **imme/time:**
159 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
160 +* imme/time:
187 187  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
188 188  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
189 -* **txt/hex:**
163 +* txt/hex:
190 190  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
191 191  ** hex: send payload in HEX
192 -* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
193 -* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
194 -* **txbw:** bandwidth:
166 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
167 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
168 +* txbw: bandwidth:
195 195  ** 1: 500 kHz
196 196  ** 2: 250 kHz
197 197  ** 3: 125 kHz
198 198  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
199 -* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
200 -* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
201 -* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
202 -* **Fport: **Transmit port,example:8
173 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
174 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
175 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
203 203  
204 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
177 +Completely exmaple:
205 205  
206 -* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
207 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2,8 > /var/iot/push/test
179 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
180 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
208 208  
209 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency:**
182 +(% class="mark" %)**Downstream Frequency**
210 210  
211 211  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
212 212  
... ... @@ -219,26 +219,32 @@
219 219  * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125
220 220  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
221 221  
222 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
195 +(% class="mark" %)**Examples:**
223 223  
224 224  (% class="box" %)
225 225  (((
226 226  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
227 227  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
201 +)))
228 228  
229 -
230 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
203 +(% class="box" %)
204 +(((
205 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
231 231  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
232 232  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
233 233  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
209 +)))
234 234  
235 -
236 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
211 +(% class="box" %)
212 +(((
213 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
237 237  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
238 238  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
216 +)))
239 239  
240 -
241 -**3)** and the end node will got:
218 +(% class="box" %)
219 +(((
220 +3) and the end node will got:
242 242  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
243 243  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
244 244  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -249,10 +249,12 @@
249 249  [5767501]rxDone
250 250  Rssi= -41
251 251  Receive data
252 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
231 +2:12345678    ~-~-> Hex
232 +)))
253 253  
254 -
255 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
234 +(% class="box" %)
235 +(((
236 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
256 256  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
257 257  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
258 258  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -263,19 +263,16 @@
263 263  [5958595]rxDone
264 264  Rssi= -37
265 265  Receive data
266 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%) ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
247 +2:3132333435363738 ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
267 267  )))
268 268  
269 -
270 -
271 271  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
272 272  
273 -
274 274  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
275 275  
276 276  (% class="box" %)
277 277  (((
278 -//#!/bin/sh
256 +#!/bin/sh
279 279  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
280 280  #
281 281  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -308,54 +308,40 @@
308 308  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
309 309  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
310 310  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
311 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
289 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
312 312  )))
313 313  
292 +~1. Input keys
314 314  
315 -(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Input keys**
294 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
316 316  
317 -
318 -[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
319 -
320 320  Input Keys in LPS8
321 321  
298 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
322 322  
300 +3. Choose Built-in server
323 323  
324 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
302 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]]
325 325  
326 -
327 -(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Choose Built-in server**
328 -
329 -
330 -[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
331 -
332 332  Choose Built-in server
333 333  
306 +4. Run the script.
334 334  
308 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]]
335 335  
336 -(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Run the script.**
337 -
338 -
339 -[[image:image-20220722115213-2.png]]
340 -
341 341  Run the script
342 342  
312 +5. Output:
343 343  
314 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]]
344 344  
345 -(% style="color:blue" %)**5. Output:**
346 -
347 -
348 -[[image:image-20220722115133-1.png]]
349 -
350 350  Output from LPS8
351 351  
352 352  
353 -
354 354  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
355 355  
321 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
356 356  
357 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
358 -
359 359  Network Structure
360 360  
361 361  
... ... @@ -362,45 +362,34 @@
362 362  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
363 363  
364 364  
365 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
329 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
366 366  
331 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
367 367  
368 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
369 -
370 -
371 371  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
372 372  
373 -[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
335 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
374 374  
375 375  Input Keys in LPS8
376 376  
339 +run socket tool in PC
377 377  
341 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
378 378  
379 -(% style="color:blue" %)**run socket tool in PC**
380 -
381 -
382 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
383 -
384 -
385 385  Socket tool
386 386  
387 387  
346 +Input Server address and port
388 388  
389 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Input Server address and port**
348 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
390 390  
391 -
392 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
393 -
394 394  Input Server address and port
395 395  
396 396  
353 +See value receive in socket tool. :
397 397  
398 -(% style="color:blue" %)**See value receive in socket tool:**
355 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
399 399  
400 -
401 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
402 -
403 403  value receive in socket tool
404 404  
405 -
406 406  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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